Read I Love a Broad Margin to My Life Online
Authors: Maxine Hong Kingston
Great Teacher
Great Leader
Great Commander-in-Chief
Great Helmsman
Long Live Chairman Mao
Conservation of Electricity
Production Safety
I was hoping for something from the Tao
and Confucius. Maybe, beneath layers of paint:
Farmers
farm
all the way to
heaven.
“See the trees?” said Elder Brother, extending
his arms toward the surounding grove, branches
sticking through the roof, branches through
the walls. “I planted each tree. With extra
money, I buy a small tree. I’m growing
forest. I’m a planter of forests.” He must
have been planting all his life; those are
grandmother-size trees looking in on us.
“Do you own this land, these fields?”
“The government took land and fields.” “No,”
said another relative, so quietly, only
I heard, “the government gave land back.”
Every story you hear, you will hear its opposite.
“Did you know our grandmother?
Do you remember Ah Po?”
“Ho chau!” Very mean, a scold.
He told: “I cared for Ah Po the last
5 years of her life. She lay in bed,
shouting for me, and I helped her.” He must’ve
been a kid too young for the fields.
I remember the photograph of Ah Po
lying on her side in her cupboard. Her hair
combed back tight, she was dressed in black,
and she wore shoes on her once-bound feet.
Before sending money, my parents had wanted
evidence that she was alive. What cost to find
and hire a cameraman, and what delay
until her picture reached us, and the money
reached her. It is my American karma,
I am beholden: Constantly send money,
the least we can do. A sweetness would pop
into my mouth; Ah Po was sending candy.
All my brothers and sisters felt it, all
at the same moment. “I cared for Ah Po,
and I cared for Chuck’s first wife.
I gave care to 4 people.” Chuck is
Elder Brother’s elder brother, who left
for America, and married a Chinese American.
Chuck’s the one, all his children married
white demons. First Wife requested,
Send me one of the sons; you have so many.
A son did write letters to her, in English
to be translated, addressing her as Dear Mother. But
she went mad from loneliness, and had to be taken
care of. He didn’t say who the other 2
were he was caregiver to. Maybe Ah Goong, who
went to fight the Japanese, and came back
not right in the mind. All Grandfather’s
generation, and Father’s generation,
and the brothers of his own generation left
for the Gold Mountain, and put the old parents
and old wives into this farmer’s
keeping hands. Elder Brother’s name is:
Benefit the Nation, like the motto that Yue Fei’s
mother tattooed on his back. Be
constant sending money, the least we can do.
Letting go of the buffalo, Elder Brother said,
“Lai, la. Lai, la. Come,
come see the new temple.” We hurried
back through the village. The temple, holding
the east side of the plaza, looked as I’d seen
it 23 years ago. Up high,
on the tympanum:
one big word,
Hong. Soup
.
It looks important, and it looks funny.
The first king of the first dynasty was named Soup.
So the oracle bones say. In famine,
in illness, slow-boil in water: leaves and bark
and grasses, scraps, whatever everybody has.
(Never the seeds for planting.) Drink soup,
be well. The water for making life-saving
soup came from this well
beside me, this well centered in the village
square, this well in front of the temple.
My aunt killed herself, and she killed the baby,
in this well. I looked down into it,
but did not see a very deep hole,
did not see the eye that reflects stars.
The water came to the top of the well; it seemed
to be drawn up through porous stone but
inches away, ankle-deep. My aunt
with the baby couldn’t possibly have jumped into
a well this shallow, and drowned. A crone,
wee, shriveled to my size, gripped
my hand tight in her hand, which was cold
and clammy. She said, “You and I
are very related.” We are ho chun.
I thought, Don’t touch me; I don’t want
to catch your disease. I felt her hard bones
around my wrist, my arm. In her other
hand was a bowl of water. She let go of me,
and with both hands offered me water.
Water from the well. Her hand was cold
and wet because of clear, clean well
water. I touched the water, as cold as
though iced. I touched it with both hands, put
both hands into the water, then
touched my forehead, touched my eyes,
and held my palms against my cheeks, held
my face in my hands. I am blessing myself,
and my aunt, and all that happened.
Earll did as I did, the crone standing before him,
proffering the bowl of water. On this hot
day, we did not drink; the water
was not meant for us to drink. The crowd
was not looking at us, when a Chinese crowd
will gather and look at anything, watch who
wins the haggling, watch the street barber
cut hair, watch anybody write anything.
The villagers were looking away, knowing, we
had shame, we had curse. They gave us privacy.
Gave us face. Are they wondering whether I
am wondering, Do they know? Do they know
that I know? The crone woman—now
where is she?—is she old enough
to’ve witnessed the raid on our house? The people
at the old folks’ club, had they taken part?
Killing the animals, hounding my aunt. The men.
One of those men her rapist, her lover?
She gave birth in the pig sty. She drowned,
and the baby drowned in this very well.
Are these things ever past? Kids saw.
Can you ever get over it? Sex, bad.
Birthing, bad. Woman, bad. So,
lifetimes later, a strange old lady
brings to me and my husband a bowl
of water. She holds it in her 2 hands.
Chinese will serve ordinary tea
with the attention of both hands. I hope
she means to be making ceremony; I shall
take it to be shriving. The bad we did
be over. Punishment be over. Suffering be over.
Is that it then? Wet my hands in the well
water—the bowl like the well, and my wet face
like my sinful aunt’s. Perhaps the well water
had been offered innocently, I the only one
who remembers the past, and believes in history’s
influence. And believes ritual settles scores.
My husband by my side blessing himself as if
with the holy water of his youth was stand-in
for the rapist / lover. Forgiven. Curse lifted.
War over.
Let us be on our way.
“We drive to your mother’s village, la.”
Elder Brother climbed into the van, easily;
he’s ridden cars often. He has a TV
set, a watch, cell phone, camera.
He farms with a buffalo. I hope
he doesn’t feel poor, doesn’t want
a tractor, a car. Maybe he’s Green.
The nearest town, Gujing, calls
itself “Guangdong’s First Green City.”
And “China’s First Green City.”
May my family choose to farm with buffalo
rather than machinery, fully aware of bettering
the health of Planet Earth. Is Gujing
the same as Gwoo Jeng? Place names
on the map of China, if the way “home”
that MaMa taught us is on maps at all,
are nearly the sounds she had us memorize.
Gujing. Gwoo Jeng. We speak
a peculiar dialect. And language revolutions
have changed the spellings of cities and towns,
provinces, mountains and rivers. Villages never
on maps. Translating Chinese words
with other Chinese words, Mother
said that Gwoo Jeng means Ancient Well.
Or many Ancient Wells. We got to Mother’s
village in 5 minutes away. In her day,
it was so far that her bridesmaids
teased her. “Marry a man from Tail End …”
We arrived at a third temple, adorned
and open as if for holiday. People, nicely
dressed, city style, with a television
crew, greeted us on its steps. “You missed
the festival. The ninth month, ninth day
festival. Just yesterday. Ten thousand
old people came. We fed
ten thousand old people.” I was
late for Old People’s Day; we in
the United States don’t celebrate it, maybe
a Communist invention. And maybe only 100
or 1,000 came. In China, numbers are
mystical. 10,000 means many, many.
Multitudes. A countless number of old,
venerably old, lucky old people
came to my mother’s village temple,
and were fed. But I was here before;
this place had not been a temple.
It had been the music building. I loved
the dichotomy: Father’s ground was sacred,
Mother’s, profane. 23 years ago,
I stood in front of a cement bunker-like
structure shut, it seemed, since my mother
left for America. In there, MaMa
and her villagers banged drums and blew horns,
banged and blew all night of the eclipse,
until the frog let go of the moon. They made
musical offerings night after night when
the witch’s broom, Halley’s comet, swept heaven.
But the broom would not leave the sky.
So, kingdoms rose, kingdoms fell.
So, world wars. I stood in front
of the wood door, which no one thought to open
for me, and I did not think to ask. Children
played on the paved entranceway, and in
the stream that flowed beside the music building.
Chinese and Vietnamese make music
on the water for that amplitude of sound.
The kids, likely kin to me many
times removed, paid me no mind.
Backing up, I read the name of Mother’s
village above the door: 5 Contentments
Earthfield. And backing up farther,
I saw in green cursive: Music Meeting.
The words seemed green jade embossed
on white jade. The tablet was set in the fret-
work of a balcony. My father wrote beneath
the photo I took:
5 Contentments Earthfield Music Meeting Ting
A ting is a pavilion. A ting is the vessel for cooking
offerings at altars and at banquets. Ting Ting,
my name, like pearls falling into a jade bowl
bell, like worlds spinning in the palm of the hand.
Warm evenings when the Music Meeting was dark,
my mother’s father had sat right here
where I’m sitting now, on the dirt ground
of this very patio, and talked story.
“Your grandfather talked stories so good
to hear, he made old ladies cry.”
I’m an old lady myself now, come
to China, where old ladies live long,
see everything. Too tough to die.
What could make a hard old lady cry?
“Orphans. Mother dying, father dying
sing advice to their lone child how to
live without them: ‘You’ll never see me again,
not in this form. And I’ll not see you,
nor look after you, nor feed you anymore.
Only notice now and then: When you walk
out the door, and a breeze touches you,
it’s me touching you. Flowers I was wont
to plant will pop up in spring; they’re me,
happy to be with you. And the flowers that come
out in fall—chrysanthemums—me, again!
And once a month, look for your father,
Jack Rabbit cooking medicine in the full moon.
See him? See his tall ears, slanting
to the right? See his cauldron? Father!
Joy kin
!’ ”
Joy kin
is our village way of saying
zaijian
, see again, au revoir.
The orphan, grown, sings: “I feel
the breeze at the open door, I feel
the breeze at the gate. Mother? I feel
a tap on the back of my neck. Ghost Mother?
A snow pea, a green finger, bounding
on its vine, touched me.
Joy kin. Joy kin
.”
Sit very still, and you will feel
the ancestors pull you to earth by a bell rope
that ties you—through you—from underground to sky.
They pull downward, and pull heavenly energy
down into you, all your spirited self.
They let up, and life force geysers out
from your thinking head and your hardworking hands.
My first visit to my mother’s village, my mother
still living then, I looked for her house
among the gray-with-mildew houses, walked
through the mazy lanes saying her name.
Brave Orchid. No flowers, no color
but in girls’ names. Do you know the family
of Brave Orchid? Doctor Brave Orchid,
who gave shots against smallpox.
A woman and a boy, far cousins, were waiting
for me at the raised threshold of a wide-
open door. She said, Good to see you.
I said, Good to see you. “Ho kin.”
“Ho kin.” She did not give her name.
I did not give my name. We
had to talk about how we were related;
we would find kin names to call
each other. She is married to my mother’s
brother’s son. I am the oldest daughter
of her father-in-law’s oldest daughter.
I wanted to call her Sister, but Elder Sister?
Younger Sister? I couldn’t tell whether
she were older or younger than me. Her hair
was black, her skin dark and lined, some teeth
gone. Besides, her father-in-law was not
really my mother’s brother. He was son
of the third wife; my mother was daughter
of the first wife. My grandfather, the one
who sat in the square and told the stories
that made old ladies cry, the grandfather
who could do anything, make wine, make
tofu, make cheesy fu ngoy
that stunk up the house, the grandfather
who was judge of the village, that grandfather
sailed the world, and brought home wives.
The third wife, whose skin was black, whose
jabber no one understood, he brought
from Nicaragua. The boy cousin-how-
many-times-removed standing before me,
looking at me, did seem very dark-skinned,
but he plays out in the tropical sun all day.
The dark woman living in my mother’s house
did not invite me inside. I peeked
behind her, and saw a courtyard that looked
like a roofless work and storage room. Most
of it was taken up by piles of straw. MaMa
said that she spent most of her day
foraging the hills for straw. They use it to kindle
the stove, which was in a corner, gray bricks
blackened with cooking smoke. Laundry—blue
pants, blue shirts, one white shirt—
hung on bamboo poles eave to eave.
It’s clothing that gives the gray village color.
Partway across and up a roofline,
atop clay tiles, shaped on their makers’
thighs, were a row of jade-like figures—
dogs? lions? faeries? kachinas?—maybe
broken, maybe never finished. Extra
bamboo of various lengths stood
against a wall. A wooden stick, milled,
no nodes, no knots, was fastened
across a shut door, high enough
for a person to walk under upright.
On the heavy wood door were posted 2 words:
Family Something. Family Living Room?
Family Forbidden? News had come to us
that this uncle could not pay taxes,
so the government forbade the use of a room.
Don’t let up sending money.
My grandfather had no business being
a trigamist. Poverty for generations. I
looked as far as I could see into
the house, and saw a doorway beyond a doorway
beyond a doorway. A little boy in red
was looking at me from a faraway dimension.
The men of my mother’s family were hiding. They
were afraid that I, eldest daughter of eldest
daughter of First Wife, had come to take possession
of house and land. As I handed the dark woman
and the dark boy many red envelopes
of money (may she distribute it fairly), I said,
“All the turmoil, the not-good, that MaMa
tells me about you—it’s over. No more.
I’ll send money. I won’t forget. I shall
send you money forever.”
But I do forget. Years
go by when I don’t send money, enough
money. I forget China; I forget my family there.
China is too far away. I need
to think it up. I need a time machine.
To imagine hard to make real the people
who appear in letters, stories, dreams, how
to get to them. They forget me too;
I am forgotten. They rarely write
reminding me, Send money. We, all of us,
fall into forgetfulness. Sammosa.
I should’ve said to my Nicaraguan relatives:
You take the house. You keep the land.
House and land, yours. I give you this house.
I give you this property. But I didn’t think
it was mine to give. Who knows who owns
the estate. The collective farm? The Communist
government? Maybe it already belongs
to my enate people. It would’ve done my Nicaraguan
sister good to hear me say, Here,
it’s all yours.
Now, when I arrived
again in my mother’s village, the day after
Old People’s Day, 9/9,
no one of that side of my family was there at
the music temple to welcome me. Not the dark woman,
not any relative with the same grandfather
as me, not one of the men descended
from my step-step-grandmother from Nicaragua.
Who greeted me and shook my hand was the mayoress,
skirt-suited like a woman politician in the West.
She’d be the one in charge if invaders came.
Not the headman, like the president of the seniors,
not the storyteller, like my grandfather.
The mayoress led me, and her assistants, and Earll,
and a couple of Roots officials, and some teachers
and translators, and a TV crew with camera
and mike up the stairs and through the thrown-
open doors. The inside of the temple
was adazzle with light. Impossible brightness that was not
coming from windows or lightbulbs. All
shining, squares and diamonds of fresh red
paper on walls and tabletops shining,
black writing on the red, shining. The villages
grew out of old dark earth;
mold and dust, motes and motes of time,
blacken the adobe and gray the air. Air
pollution hazed the sun; this day
will not count as a blue-sky day.
And yet, the music temple was a surround of light.
The templekeepers had not cleaned up
after the feast of Old People’s Day.
The small chairs, some on their sides,
had not been put away. 10,000
people couldn’t’ve fit. The old folks
ate, were honored in shifts. They’d come
walking, riding on the backs of their children,
riding bicycles, rowing boats, come
here from all over Pearl River
delta. Someone handed me a lit stick
of incense. I, followed by the crowd curious
to see whether this daughter who’d been gone
so long knew and kept the ways—li—
walked step by mindful step toward
the altar, which was the entire back wall.
Holding the stick of incense between palms,
I bowed thrice. 1 goak goong.
2 goak goong. 3 goak goong.
Learned in childhood in Stockton, California.
Maybe means: First, nourish grandfather.
Second, nourish grandfather. Third,
nourish grandfather. Big downbeat
bow on 3. I bowed and bowed and bowed
to ancestors arraying the back wall and
side walls. 18 ancestors,
each dated with years consecutively
from 960 to 1279.
They wore the high headdresses of high
rank. They had my mother’s name: Chew.
Next to
Chew
was a simple word that I
had asked my mother to draw, giving me
the name of the kings in the stories she told.
Almost blind, she’d written that word.
I asked the mayoress, “Please say this word.”
“Sung.” She touched both words.
“Chew Sung.” She swept her arm right to
left across the altar. “The Chew Sung
huang dai.”
Kings. Emperors. Gods
.
“Ten thousand old people bowed to them.”
From the last (1271–1279)
emperor’s picture, the genealogy tree
continued along the left wall to the door.
“Your names are here,” said the mayoress, pointing
to branches nearest the door. A fear
went through me, that fear when I am about
to learn something. I asked carefully,
“Were we soldiers? Were we servants?”
I would’ve asked, “Were we courtiers?”
but didn’t know
courtier
. Most likely,
we were courtiers. “No! No! You emperor!
You emperor!” You who left for America,
became
American, you forget everything.
You forget who you are. Emperor!
Chew Sung Emperor. Emperor of the Northern Sung.
Emperor of the Southern Sung. A teacher of English
took my hand, bowed over it, and said,
laughing, “Your majesty.” So, the stories
about mighty sea battles, gunpowder bombs,
lost wars, 100,000
refugees, the boy emperor falling
off the typhoon-broken ship,
the other boy emperor tied to the back
of the prime minister, the Lum woman who hid
the princes, passed the young dragons off
as “Big Lum” and “Little Lum”—“Forever,
you meet a Lum, you carry her shoes”—
the mass suicide of queens and princesses
at the river, the stone you can see today
to remember the last, lost battle, “Sung”
carved on one side, “Yuan” the other,
and more stones, the Empress’s Dressing Table
Stone and the Throne Stone—all that history,
us. We
were the carriers of the Traveling Palace;
wherever we settle, that’s the Center.
Kuan Fu, the long-lost capital,
is
here
. Found. The Traveling Palace was built
of mud and straw, rocks for furniture. My father
teased my mother, “You lived like Injuns.”
Their stories of the Sung were always about its fall,
the trauma of war, the running as refugees.
The conqueror was Yuan. (I’d thought, Juan in Cuba.
“Cousin Juan threw away BaBa’s
poems. Juan stole the book box.”)
Yuan
means
Mongol
, and their leader was Kublai Khan.
I had to research for myself the glory of Sung.
Sung was the age when the ecosystem was healthiest.
From atop the Great Wall where now you see loess,
you would’ve gazed out at forests of elm,
planted as the Great Wall was being built.
Women were teachers; they even taught their sons
military strategy. General Yue Fei
and his mother were Sung. The Sung mapped the land
and the sky. Its navy patrolled the rivers and seas.
(But the Yuan had a larger navy; the Mongol
women fought on horseback and on warships.
The Sung deforested the Xiang River Valley
for wood and metal to build ships and to forge
weapons.) Movable type was invented during Sung,
and paper money. They discerned true north.
Artists made Buddhas and bodhisattvas.
There was a poet named Poet. Poet
wrote about travels that take but a day
then home again. Painters painted the long
journeys. The long golden handscroll,
“18 Songs for Barbarian Reed Pipe”:
Nomads capture Wen-chi, poetess
and composer, daughter of the librarian. She
is the barbarians’ treasure, taken from her home
of many roofs and courtyards. She rides
a dappled horse escorted by processions of men
on dark horses and camels across the yellow
grass of the steppes and yellow sands of the desert.
They play flutes as they ride. Hooves of the horses
beat percussion. The earth is drum. Falcons
ride on shoulders and wrists. She sees migrating
geese make words in the sky; she reads them as letters
from home. She pricks her finger, and writes with blood
a message from her heart. “Let my heart
be heard from the ends of the earth.” The wild geese
can read words written in the blood of a loyal one’s
heart, and fly them to those who wait to hear.
The nomads, Liao people, women and men,
girls and boys fight, hunt, play
with crossbows and longbows and arrows.
They gallop their horses under the geese, and shoot
them down. Birds become afraid of people.
“I want to kill myself. I am among
nonhumans. I want to kill myself.
I am a prisoner with ten thousand anxieties
but no one to confide them to. I want to kill
myself. I have to make finger gestures,
yes, no. I have no speech.
I want to kill myself. The barbarian
with a pretty face wants to make me his wife.
I will kill myself. Yes, I shall.
I am pregnant with a barbarian child.
I shall kill myself.” At her wedding to the prince
of barbarians, musicians play pipa,
horn, and flute. They have 2 sons, half
Liao, half Han. An envoy comes bearing
ransom. The covered wagon with red wheels
is waiting to carry her home. The nomads stand
in groups and alone, and weep into their long sleeves.
Wen-chi, wife and mother, holds
her baby for the last time. Her husband, whom she
has learned to trust, holds their son by the hand.
The children do not understand to weep.
Liao horsemen and Han horsemen and infantry
in procession escort Wen-chi’s return.
Husband and sons, elder son on his own
small horse, the baby carried in a rider’s
lap, accompany her partway. The prince
rides his wife’s dappled horse, saddled