Masinissa, Numidian prince, in Second Punic War,
206
,
210
–
12
; extends his kingdom,
214
,
458 n.16
; forces war on Carthage,
276
,
283
; receives Roman boundary commissions,
277
; as cause of Third Punic War,
277
–
8
,
283
; Roman suspicions of,
279
; death of,
281

Massilia,
23
,
170
,
176
,
177
,
181
,
182
,
265
,
314
,
408 n.13
,
424 n.12
,
426nn.17
&
20
,
440 n.13

Mastarna,
29
,
48
–
50
,
407 n.12

Mastia,
see
Carthago Nova

Mater Matuta, temple of,
52
,
331
,
462 n.18

Matho, leader of Carthaginian mercenaries,
165
–
6

Mauri (Moors),
281

Mediolanum, captured by Insubres,
93
; captured by Romans,
172
; Italian settlers at,
264

Mediterranean,
5

Melita (Malta),
153
,
185

Melpum,
see
Mediolanum

Menenius, L. (trib. pleb.),
106

Menenius Agrippa, M. (cos. 503),
76

Mercenaries, employed by Carthage,
146
; revolt of,
165
–
7
,
438 n.2
; in Sardinia appeal to Rome,
167

Mercury,
359
,
361

Messana, seized by Mamertines,
148
; alliance with Rome,
148
–
50
; in First Punic War,
150
–
1
;
civitas foederata
,
162

Messapians,
16
,
128

Messenia,
193
,
247

Metapontum,
11
,
22
,
128
,
131
,
199

Metaurus, battle of,
205
,
207
–
8
,
446 n.6

Metellus,
see
Caecilius

Mettius Fufius,
47

Milazzo,
11

Miletus,
301

Military tribunes with consular power,
71
,
82
,
421 n.21

Milo,
147

Mincio, river,
264

Minerva,
357
–
8

Mines, in Etruria,
26
,
132
,
317
,
461 n.7
; in Elba,
313
,
317
; in Spain,
177
,
204
,
269
,
275
,
288
,
295
,
317
,
321
,
323
; in Macedonia,
248
,
253
,
260
,
288
,
323

Minturnae,
124
,
133
,
317

Minucius, L. (cos.
458
),
75
,
87
,
332
,
419 n.12

Minucius Augurinus, C. (trib. pleb., 187)
303

Minucius Rufus, M. (cos.
221
),
187
–
9
,
443 n.10
; tradition biased against,
188
,
297

Minucius Rufus, Q. (cos.
197
),
264
–
5

Minucius Thermus, Q. (cos.
193
),
265
,
303
,
457 n.3

Mithridates III of Pontus,
255

Mogador,
19
,
399 n.19

Mos maiorum
,
72
,
116
,
325
,
326

Motya,
399 n.19

Mucius Scaevola,
68
,
414 n.46

Mucius Scaevola, P. (cos.
133
),
367

Mummius, L. (cos.
146
),
261
,
271

Municipia
,
103
,
432 n.25

Murgantia,
124

Mutina,
172
,
264
,
265
,
266

Mycenaean Greeks,
see
Greeks in Italy

Mylae,
11
; battle of,
153

Myonnesus, battle of,
241

Nabis of Sparta,
229
,
232
,
236
–
7
,
454 n.6

Naevius, Cn., poet,
325
,
342
–
3
,
345
,
349
,
464 n.6

Naevius, M. (trib. pleb., 184),
304

Naples,
see
Neapolis

Naraggara,
212

Narenta, river,
267

Narnia (Nequinum),
124
,
207

Naupactus,
193
,
239

Navy, Carthaginian,
146
,
154
; in First Punic War,
155
–
9
,
212
,
214
; in Second Punic War,
191
,
192
,
196
,
208

Navy, Roman,
152
,
154
,
313
,
436 n.12
,
437 n.16
; in First Punic War,
154
–
60
,
436 n.12
; in Illyrian Wars,
173
; in Second Punic War,
183
,
191
,
193
,
197
,
198
; in Second Macedonian War,
226
–
7
; in war with Antiochus,
237
,
241
–
2
; in Third Punic War,
281
–
6

Neapolis (Naples),
429 n.1
; refuge for Greeks from Oscans,
99
; alliance with Rome,
120
,
122
,
126
; rejects Pyrrhus,
129

Nemean festival,
232

Nemi, Lake,
34

Neolithic man,
6
,
7
–
8
,
397 n.3

Nepete,
91
,
92
,
96
,
103
,
123
,
135
,
425 n.14

Nepheris,
281
,
282

Nepos,
372

Neptune,
359

Nequinum,
124

Nesactium,
267

Nestor, cup of,
20
–
1
,
400 n.22

Netum,
162

New Carthage,
see
Carthago Nova

Nexum
,
75
,
107
,
419 n.10

Nicaea, conference at,
229

Nicea (Nice),
265

Nicomedes of Bithynia,
255

Nola,
31
,
120
,
122
,
124
,
198
,
317

Nomentum,
97
,
102
,
133

Norba,
87
,
92
,
96
,
103
,
135
,
423 n.7
,
427 n.30

Novilara,
15
–
16

Novus homo
,
302
–
3
,
304

Nuceria,
120
,
122
,
123
–
4

Numa Pompilius,
45
,
47
,
63
,
170
,
354

Numantia,
268
,
269
,
271
–
5
,
295
,
457 n.10

Numidia,
144
,
176
,
212
,
281
,
292
,
312
;
see also
Masinissa

Oblivio, river,
272

Ocilis,
271

Ocriculum,
123
,
429 n.6

Octavius, Cn. (cos.
165
),
300
,
332

Odysseus,
21
,
42
,
400 n.22

Ogulnii,
43
,
332

Olbia,
153

Olcades,
177

Olisipo (Lisbon),
272

Olive,
34
,
308
–
10
,
317
–
18

Olympus, Mt,
251
–
2

Ombrikoi,
16

Oppius, Mt,
38
–
9

Oratory,
340
,
347

Oretani,
269

Oreus,
228

Oricus,
193

Orissi,
176
–
7

Orongis,
205

Oropus,
261

Orosius,
372

Orphism,
361
,
465 n.8

Orvieto,
27

Oscan farce,
341

Osci (Opici),
17

Osco-Umbrian,
see
Safine

Ossa,
251

Osteria,
34

Ostia,
48
,
55
,
122
,
133
,
316
,
318
,
409 n.23

Otacuius Crassus, M’. (cos.
263
),
151

Ottolobus,
227

Ovation,
411 n.35

Oxybian Ligurians,
265

Pachynus, Cape,
155
,
157

Pacuvius, M., poet,
326
,
331
,
344
,
349

Paeligni,
18
,
100
,
101
,
121
,
123

Paeonia,
228

Paestum,
22
,
127
,
131
,
315
,
319
,
366

Painting, Etruscan,
28
; Roman,
333
,
349
–
50
,
464 n.11
; Campanian,
315
,
349

Palaeolithic man,
6
,
7
,
33
,
397 n.2

Palafitte
,
8

Palatine,
14
,
38
–
42
,
307
,
330
,
332
,
356
, 462 n.28

Palinurus, Cape,
156

Pallantia,
271
,
274

Pamphylia,
241
,
245

Panaetius, Stoic philosopher,
326
,
365

Pannonia,
267

Panormus (Palermo),
153
,
155
–
6
,
158
,
162

Papirius Cursor, L. (cos.
326
),
121
,
122

Papirius Cursor, L. (cos.
293
),
125

Parentalia,
353

Parma,
264
,
266

Party politics,
300
–
1

Patria potestas
,
56
,
80
,
323
,
337

Patricians, origin of,
57
–
8
,
410nn.28
&
30
,
412 n.39
; privileges of,
59
–
60
,
73
–
4
; numbers,
59
; concessions to plebeians,
77
–
9
,
107
–
12

Patricio-plebeian nobility,
109
,
169
,
300

Pedum,
87
,
97
,
102

Pelasgians,
23

Pelion,
251

Pella,
227

Peltuinum,
123

Penates,
44
,
353
; temple of,
332

People, power of,
116
–
18
; vote Mamertine alliance,
150
,
297
; and Peace of Lutatius,
159
,
297
,
330
; elect Scipio Africanus,
202
,
297
; and declaration of Second Macedonian War,
223
,
297
;
see also
Comitia and Concilium