Is That a Fish in Your Ear? (51 page)

—Internet Humour About Stalin
(Tartu, Estonia: Eesti Kir-jandusmuuseum, 2004), joke no. 11, quoted by Alexandra Arkhipova in “Laughing About Stalin,” paper given at a conference, Totalitarian Laughter, Princeton, NJ, May 2009.
 
For a fuller discussion of this thorny field of study, see W. D. Hart, “On Self-Reference,”
Philosophical Review
79 (1970): 523–28.
26. STYLE AND TRANSLATION
 
Georges Perec,
Things: A Story of the Sixties
, trans. David Bellos [1965] (Boston: David R. Godine, 1990), takes his exercise in Flaubert to an unusual pitch of intensity by incorporating a dozen or so sentences that really are by Flaubert.
 
Jean Rouaud,
Fields of Glory
, trans. Ralph Manheim (New York: Arcade, 1998), is a good example of how an imitation of Proust’s “inimitable” French style can be represented
as such
in another language.
Adam Thirlwell,
The Delighted States
(New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2008).
Henri Godin,
Les Ressources stylistiques du français contemporain
(1948; 2nd ed., Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1964), 2, 3.
R. A. Sayce,
Style in French Prose: A Method of Analysis
(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1953), 5.
27. TRANSLATING LITERARY TEXTS
 
Pascale Casanova,
The World Republic of Letters
, trans. M. B. De-Bevoise (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999).
 
Spanish could plausibly take over the role of “first interlanguage” in literary translation, but I see no sign of that happening yet.
Ibid.
English-language rights may be acquired for the entire world and they are then called WELR (World English Language Rights) or else, for one or another of its territories, “U.K. and Commonwealth” or “North America,” sometimes further subdivided into “U.S.A.” and “Canada.”
See Mark Solms, “Controversies in Freud Translation,”
Psychoanalysis and History
1 (1999): 28–43.
Elisabeth Roudinesco, “Freud, une passion publique,”
Le Monde
, January 7, 2010.
28. WHAT TRANSLATORS DO
 
Eurostar Metropolitan
, June 2010: 5. The changes make it clear that this sentence was translated from English into French, and not vice versa. A back-translation of the French would probably give “Top speed reached in July 2003 by a Eurostar train during testing of a high-speed line in the U.K.”
 
29. BEATING THE BOUNDS
 
Roman Jakobson and Abraham Moles proposed an influential Communication Model in which the role of natural language is played by something they called a “code.” They didn’t really mean a code as such, but the metaphor has stuck.
 
30. UNDER FIRE
 
John Dryden, “On Translation,” in
Theories of Translation: An Anthology of Essays from Dryden to Derrida
, eds. Rainer Schulte and John Biguenet (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992), 31.
 
Arthur Schopenhauer,
Parerga und Paralipomena
(1800), extract translated by Peter Mollenhauer as “On Language and Words,” in Schulte and Biguenet, eds.,
Theories of Translation
, 34.
Vladimir Nabokov, “Problems of Translation:
Onegin
in English,”
Partisan Review
22:5 (Fall 1955), reprinted in Schulte and Biguenet, eds.,
Theories of Translation
, 137, 140.
José Ortega y Gasset, “La Miseria y el esplendor de la traducción,”
La Nación
(Buenos Aires) (June 1937), trans. Elisabeth Gamble Miller, in Schulte and Biguenet, eds.,
Theories of Translation
, 98.
31. SAMENESS, LIKENESS, AND MATCH
 
For a counterexample where the character count is respected in translation line by line, see chapter 51 of Perec’s
Life A User’s Manual
, trans. David Bellos (Boston: David R. Godine, 2009); and chapter 12 of this book,
See Here
, version 11.
 

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