France and the Nazi Threat: The Collapse of French Diplomacy 1932-1939 (84 page)

  
35
.
    
Kimmel, A., op. cit., p. 19-21 and Schumacher, A., op. cit., p. 178.

  
36
.
    
Herriot, Edouard,
Jadis
, Vol. II, p. 399 (March 1934).

  
37
.
    
*Gauché, General,
Le deuxième bureau au travail
(1935–1940), 1953, p. 32.

  
38
.
    
He only mentions it twice in his book written during the German occupation
Entre-deux-guerres
, Vol. II, p. 361: “That amazing
Mein Kampf
where never a head of state had warned his future victims so precisely.” And Vol. III,
p. 116: “Then it was Poland’s turn…It was written all over the map and in
Mein Kampf
.”

  
39
.
    
All these movements were examined in detail by *Delbreil, Jean-Claude,
Les catholiques français et les tentatives de rapprochement franco-allemand (1920–1933)
, Metz, 1972.

  
40
.
    
14 October 1930. Quoted in Delbreil, op. cit., p. 178.

  
41
.
    
*De Pange, Jean,
Journal
, 1964, Vol. II, p. 306.

  
42
.
    
L’Huillier, Fernand,
Dialogues franco-allemands, 1925–1933
, 1971.

  
43
.
    
See *Bariety, J.,
Bulletin de la Société d’histoire moderne
, 1969, no. 2. *Schlumberger J., Meyer, Robert and Rieben, Henri,
Émile Mayrisch, précurseur de la construction de l’Europe
, Lausanne, 1967.

  
44
.
    
Bariéty and Bloch, quoted article, p. 444.

  
45
.
    
Bariéty and Bloch, quoted article, p. 456. Duchemin drafted a note, which he send to Bücher. See
ADAP
, C, I, 1, No. 2, January 30, 1933. Von Neurath was very much opposed. See
ADAP
, CI, 1, no. 18, Neurath to Vice-chancellor von Papen, February 9, 1933. Bülow informed him of his opposition to Köster, ambassador to Paris, ADAP, I, 1, no. 19, 10 February 1933.

  
46
.
    
DDF, 1, II, no. 212, François-Poncet, 19 January 1933.

  
47
.
    
DDF, 1, II, no. 358, Paul-Boncour to Massigli, 1 March 1933, and 364, Massigli, 2 March 1933.

  
48
.
    
DDF, 1, II, no. 290, Note by Massigli, 11 February 1933.

  
49
.
    
DDF, 1, II, no. 356, 28 February 1933.

  
50
.
    
DDF, 1, II, no. 381, Massigli, 8 March 1933.

  
51
.
    
DDF, 1, II, no.409. Note to the Minister of 14 March 1933. However, it is not mentioned when Macdonald and Simon met with Daladier and Paul-Boncour in Paris on their way back from Rome on 21 March 1933. See DBFP, 2,V, no. 46 21 March 1933. There is no French synopsis.

  
52
.
    
DDF, 1, II, no 378, François-Poncet to Paul-Boncour, 7 March 1933.

  
53
.
    
DDF, 1, III, François-Poncet, 22 March 1933.

  
54
.
    
Hildebrand, quoted article, p. 16, *Jacobsen, O.A., “Deutschland 1933-1945,” in *Hauser, O.,
Weltpolitik
, 1932–1939, p. 262.

  
55
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 105, François-Poncet to Paul-Boncour, 8 April 1933. See ADAP, C, I, 1, no. 163, note from Bülow, 12 April 1933.

  
56
.
    
DDF, 1, II, no. 418, Franco-British conversation of 11 March 1933 (between Daladier and Paul-Boncour, Macdonald and Sir John Simon).

  
57
.
    
Temps
, 3 March 1933, quoted by Vaïsse, Maurice, “Continuité et discontinuité dans la politique française en matière de désarmement… l’exemple du contrôle,” op. cit.,
Colloque franco-allemand
of March 1977.

  
58
.
    
Vaïsse, T. quoted, DDF, 1, III, no 229. Instructions générales du Conseil des ministres, 2 May 1933. Daladier Papers (Fondation nationale des sciences politiques).

  
59
.
    
DDF, 1, III, 8 June 1933 (with Eden and Norman Davis. See DBFP, 2, V, no. 207, 9 June 1933).

  
60
.
    
See in Hildebrand, op. cit., for an interesting analysis of Hitler’s “French policy.” It may be that he believed a long-term Franco-German rapprochement could be possible at that time.

  
61
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 314, François-Poncet, 23 May 1933.

  
62
.
    
We should point out that on 16 March 1933 German chargé d’affaires Braun von Stumm had sent a message from de Brinon to whom Daladier had suggested he meet either von Neurath or von Papen for Easter on the Riviera or the Swiss lakes. François-Poncet had not been told of this. ADAP, C, I, 1, no. 92.

  
63
.
    
See Hildebrand, op. cit., and *Michilka,
Ribbentrop und die deutsche Englandpolitik
, p.68 sq. The idea actually came from Henderson who was president of the Disarmament conference on a “pilgrimage” around Europe in an attempt to revive it and promoting a conversation between Daladier and Hitler, see DDF, 1, IV, no. 16, François-Poncet to Paul-Boncour, 19 July 1933. The Germans were so full of praise of Daladier to the point that embassy councilor Forster recommended toning down the German press to avoid creating internal problems for himself. ADAP, C, II, 1, no. 27, 25 October 1933.

  
64
.
    
DDF, 1, IV, no. 215, François-Poncet, 15 September 1933. See ADAP, C, I, 2, no. 430, note by von Neurath, 15 September 1933.

  
65
.
    
G. Castellan, op. cit. See also *Diest, Wilhelm, “Le problème du réarmement allemand dans les années 1933–1936,”
Colloque franco-allemand
of March 1977. See DBFP, 2V, no. 399. Conversations between Eden and Paul-Boncour in Paris on September 18, 1935, showing the increasing worry of the French and ibid., no. 406. Simon met with Daladier and Paul-Boncour in Paris on September 22, 1933, no. 407. With Norman Davis.

  
66
.
    
DDF, 1, IV, nos. 181, 5 September, and 182, 6 September 1933.

  
67
.
    
DDF, 1, V, no. 64, note by the French delegation, 30 November 1933.

  
68
.
    
DDF, 1, IV, no. 307, Arnal, 14 October 1933.

  
69
.
    
Paul-Boncour,
Entre-deux-guerres
, Vol. II, p. 338; Léon Noël,
Les illusions de Stresa
, p. 20.

  
70
.
    
Entre-deux-guerres
, ibid.

  
71
.
    
Entre-deux-guerres
, Vol. II, p. 141. See the book Jouvenel had just published in 1932: *Jouvenel, Henry de,
La paix française
, p. 203 sq. See the opinion of Sir R. Graham, the British ambassador to Rome. DBFP, 2, V, no. 37, 4 March 1933.

  
72
.
    
DDF, 1, II, no. 182, note from the Sub-Section of Africa-Levant, 10 January 1933, with 7 annexes.

  
73
.
    
DDF, 1, II, no. 288, 10 February 1933.

  
74
.
    
DDF, 1, II, no. 368, Jouvenel, 3 March 1933. See also no. 382, 8 March 1933.

  
75
.
    
DDF, 1, II, no. 427, Jouvenel, 17 March 1933, and III, no. 2, 18 March 1933. The plan originated with the British in pT. See *Jarausch, Konrad H.,
The Four Power Pact 1933
, 1966, a book written with British and German but not French documents.

  
76
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 2, Jouvenel, 18 March 1933.

  
77
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 3, 18 March 1933.

  
78
.
    
Jarausch, op. cit., p. 83–89.

  
79
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 12, Jouvenel, 20 March 1933.

  
80
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 357, François-Poncet, 4 June 1933.

  
81
.
    
Entre-deux-guerres
, Vol. II, p. 339. Léon Noël, for his part, believes in Léger’s Italophobia. (op. cit., p. 41).

  
82
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 38, Massigli to Léger, 24 March 1933.

  
83
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 44, Jouvenel.

  
84
.
    
Poland and Czechoslovakia.

  
85
.
    
Yugoslavia and Romania.

  
86
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 48, Note by the French delegation at the disarmament conference of 25 March 1933. The final French text in no. 108, 10 April 1933.

  
87
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 62.

  
88
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 55.

  
89
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 84, Laroche to Paul-Boncour, 4 April 1933.

  
90
.
    
DDF, 1 III, no. 62, Paul-Boncour to Jouvenel, 29 March 1933.

  
91
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 354, Corbin, 3 June1933.

  
92
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 362, Jouvenel, 6 June 1933.

  
93
.
    
MAE, T. no. 666, Jouvenel.

  
94
.
    
DDF, 1, IV, no. 1, 16 July 1933.

  
95
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 415, 22 June 1933.

  
96
.
    
MAE, Léger papers, letter dated 12 June 1933.

  
97
.
    
Entre-deux-guerres
, Vol. II, p. 362–363.

  
98
.
    
We are using much of the unpublished work by Schram, quoted above.

  
99
.
    
*Monzie, Anatole de,
Du Kremlin au Luxembourg
, 1924.

100
.
    
*Monzie, Anatole de,
Petit manuel de la Russie nouvelle
, 1931.

101
.
    
Herriot says so already in the book he published at the start of 1933, *Herriot, Édouard,
La France dans le monde
, 1933, p. 9.

102
.
    
JODP, Chambre, 16 May 1933. See Duclos J.,
Mémoires
, Vol. l.

103
.
    
DDF, 1, II, François-Poncet, 1 March 1933.

104
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no 235, 3 May 1933.

105
.
    
Schram, op. cit.

106
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 98, note from the political director (Coulondre), 4 April 1933.

107
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 404, 18 June 1933.

108
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 391, Alphand, 14 June 1933.

109
.
    
Schram, op. cit., who had access to the private papers of Mendras. See also Scott, op. cit., p. 106.

110
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 487, 14 July, and 488, 15 July 1933.

111
.
    
Herriot met with Litvinov. See DDF, I, IV, nos. 195, 10 September 1933, and 204, 12 September 1933.

112
.
    
DDF, 1, III, no. 358, Cot to Daladier, 4 June 1933.

113
.
    
DDF, 1, IV, no. 308, Cot to Paul-Boncour, 14 October 1933.

114
.
    
DDF, 1, IV, no. 136, Protocol by Raymond Patenôtre and M.G. Gourevitch, 23 August.

115
.
    
DDF, 1, IV, no. 395, Alphand, 5 November 1933.

116
.
    
DDF, 1, IV, no. 156, Colonel Mendras to Georges Leygues, Minister of Marine, 1 August 1933.