The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Isreal and the Origin of Sacred Texts (62 page)

Joshua,
35

battle plan of,
73
–76
,
93

division of Canaan by,
98
–99

Josiah and,
95
–96

portrayal in royal terms,
95

Josiah, king of Judah,
2
,
122
,
272
–84
,
301
,
303

book of Law discovery and,
276
,
277
,
280
–81

as David figure,
144
–45

death of,
289
–92

Deuteronomistic History and,
275
,
276
,
284

Dtr
2
on,
304
–5

Egypt-Assyria balance of power and,
281
–83

extent of territorial conquests,
288
–89

Joshua and,
95
–96

monotheism and,
276

Necho and,
71

prophecy of rise of,
165

puritan reforms of,
277
–80
,
287
–89

archaeology and,
287
–88

reunification ambitions of,
69
–70
,
121
,
168

vastness of kingdom under,
347
–53

maximalist view of,
347
–49

minimalist view of,
349
–53

Jotham, king of Judah,
233
,
237

J text,
12
,
45
,
46
–47
,
324

Judah, kingdom of.
See
Southern kingdom (Judah)

Judah, tribe of,
98
,
121
,
150

Judah (son of Jacob),
27
,
31
,
33
,
229

destiny of,
43
–46

Judea,
315
,
316

Judean desert,
126
,
132
,
266
,
240

Judeans (Jews),
316

Judges, book of,
91
,
97

on Israelite origins,
99
–101
,
120
–22

on unconquered Canaanite enclaves,
99

Justinian, Emperor of Byzantium,
326

Kadesh, battle at (
13
th c.
BCE
),
85

Kadesh-barnea,
42
,
63
,
67
,
268
,
349
,
351
–52

Kedar,
41

Khu-Sebek (Egyptian general),
155

Kidron valley,
132

Kings, books of,
194
,
195
,
197
,
231
,
240

on Hezekiah’s rebellion,
252
–56

on Israel (northern kingdom),
196
,
197
–99
,
206
–7
,
214
,
222
–23

YHWH-alone movement and,
248

Kiriath-jearim, town of,
82
,
126

Kittim people,
348
–49
,
351

Kuntillet Ajrud,
242

Laban,
30
–31

Labayu, king of Shechem,
155

Lachish, city of,
80
,
90
,
235
,
245
,
257

conquest of

by Assyrians (
701
BCE
),
260
–63
,
345

by Babylonians (
587
/
6
BCE
),
345

pottery evidence from,
345
–46

re-fortification of,
289

Law, book of the,
13
,
276
,
277
,
280
–81

Layard, Austen Henry,
178
,
261

Leah,
31

Lemaire, André,
129

Lemche, Niels Peter,
128

Levi,
35

Linear B script,
85

Lipschits, Oded,
307

Literacy,
280
,
281

in Judah,
284

Lot,
28
–29
,
39
–40

Luke, John,
335

Luz, city of,
80

Macalister, R.A.S.,
137

Maccabean kings,
316

McCarter, Kyle,
324

Machpelah, cave of,
229

Manasseh, king of Judah,
264
–73
,
289

archaeological identification of,
345
–46

Bible’s account of reign of,
252
,
254

Dtr2 on,
304

economic policy of,
267
–70

religious pluralism under,
264
–65

Manasseh (tribe),
33
,
46
n
,
98
,
150

Manetho (historian),
54
–56

Mari, city of,
322

Marquet-Krause, Judith,
82

Masos, Tell,
333

Mazar, Benjamin,
36
,
134
–35
,
323
–25
,
350

Medinet Habu, temple of,
87
–88

Megiddo,
78
–79
,
90
,
161
,
289
–92

architectural similarities with Samaria,
343

under Assyrian rule,
215
,
216
–17
,
347
–48

under Canaanites,
193
–94

desertion of,
204

destruction of (
12
th c.
BCE
),
160

in eighth century
BCE
,
182

excavations of,
vi
,
135
–41

stratum II,
348
,
350

stratum III,
347
–48

stratum VIA,
341
–44

by Yadin,
183
–84
,
185
,
210

gate of,
135
–38
,
139
,
140

dating of,
342

Jerusalem compared with,
140

Omride dynasty and,
182
–89
,
193
–94

rebuilding under Jeroboam II,
209

Solomonic “stables in,”
135
–38
,
209
–12

Menahem, king of Israel,
198
,
214
,
219

Mendenhall, George,
104
,
335
–36

Mercenaries

Greek,
350
–51

Judahite,
351

Merneptah, pharaoh,
18
,
57

Merneptah stele,
57
,
60
,
76
n,
102

Mesad Hashavyahu site,
286
–87
,
348
,
350
,
351

Mesha, king of Moab,
19
,
174
,
177
,
201

Mesha stele,
129
,
177
,
190

Meshullemeth (Manasseh’s wife),
268

Micah (prophet),
263

Michal,
125

Midianites,
99

Migdol,
59
,
66

Minimalists, biblical,
128

Miqne, Tel.
See
Ekron

Mizpah, town of,
297
,
306
–7

Moab,
39
,
190
,
191
,
201

settlement history of,
119

Moabites,
99
,
127

Monolith Inscription,
178

Monotheism,
2
n,
120
,
122

in Judah,
246
–
49
,
276

Moses,
9
,
35
,
48
,
50
,
51
–
52
,
73
.
See also
Exodus

authorship of Bible by,
11

Hecataeus on,
315
–
16

Mudayna, Khirbet el-,
190

Muwatallis, king of Hittites,
85

Mycenaean world,
85
–
86

Naaman, Nadav,
203
,
239
,
268
,
291
,
351
,
352

Naboth,
173
–
74

Nadab, king of Israel,
170

Naphtali,
98
,
150

Nebaioth,
41

Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon,
292
–
95

Necho II, pharaoh,
66
,
71
,
289
–
92
,
348

Negev desert (biblical Negeb),
16
,
30
,
64

Nehemiah, book of,
297

Nehemiah (Persian official),
300
–
301

Nelson, Richard D.,
95

Nesbeth, Tell en-,
307

Nile,
53

Nile delta,
58
.
See also
Exodus

foreign settlement of,
66

sites mentioned in Exodus,
58

Nineveh,
18
,
42
,
290

Nomadism, pastoral,
320
,
321
,
334
–
35

Northern kingdom (Israel),
9
–
10
,
24
,
46
,
169
.
See also
Omride dynasty

c.
842
–
740
BCE
,
196
–
225

Aramean presence in,
201
–
5

Assyrian empire and,
198
–
99
,
200
,
201
,
205
–
6
,
207
,
211
,
214
–
22

books of Kings on,
196
,
197
–
99
,
206
–
7
,
214
,
222
–
23

deportees and survivors of,
220
–
22

Deuteronomistic History on,
223
–
25

end of,
217
–
20

Hazael’s invasion of,
174
–
75
,
177
–
78
,
197
,
200
,
201
–
5