The Dandarnelles Disaster (42 page)

Russia xii,
62
,
70
,
110
; access to Mediterranean
12
,
22
,
25
; alliances
11
,
13
; Black Sea Fleet
21
,
53
,
77
,
95
–
6
,
182
; bombarded by German/Turkish fleet
59
,
70
,
74
,
96
; Caucasian campaign
186
–
7
; interest in Ottoman Empire
9
–
10
; mobilisation against Turkey
60
,
95
–
6
; offers Turkey an alliance
55
; plea for demonstration against Turkey
81
–
5
,
102
,
168
–
9
,
178
,
182
,
190
; war with Japan (1904–
5
)
2
,
21
,
42
,
89
,
109
,
135

Said Halim Pasha, Prince, Grand Vizier
28
,
29
,
95

Salonica
9
,
190

Scapa Flow (Orkney Islands)
16
,
63
,
98
,
139

Scott, Admiral Sir Percy
88

Scott, Leslie, KC
69

Sea of Marmara xii,
55
,
102

Second World War
66
,
191

Sedd el Bahr (Gallipoli)
76
,
77
,
100
–
1
,
105
,
106
,
107
,
109
,
154

Seeckt, General Hans von
187
Serbia
10
,
14
,
15
,
62
,
70
,
86
,
87
,
90

Sevastopol
59
–
60
,
70

Seydlitz
(German battle cruiser)
98
–
9

Ship That Changed the World, The
(1985) xii

Skyros152

Smyrna
(now
Izmir)
151
,
160
,
198
–
9

Souchon, Rear-Admiral
(later
Admiral) Wilhelm Anton Theodor
4
,
57
,
60
,
102
,
206
, xii; awarded
Pour le mèrite
181
; bombardment of Black Sea ports
59
–
60
,
70
,
74
; escorted through Dardanelles
45
–
6
; ordered to Black Sea
53
–
5
,
58
–
9
; ordered to Constantinople
30
,
32
,
52
–
3
; plunders
SS General
31
,
38
; provokes Russia to declare war on Turkey
95
–
6
; and sighting of British battle cruisers
35
,
36
; standing order in event of war
31
; strengthening Dardanelles defences
76
–
8
; subsequent career and death
181
–
2
; takes command of Mediterranean Division
27
; takes command under Ottoman flag
54
–
5
,
70

Spee, Admiral Maximilian, Graf von xi, xii,
16
,
42
,
64
,
65
,
67
,
70
–
1
,
73
–
4
,
79
,
100

Sturdee, Vice-Admiral Sir Doveton
72
–
3
,
88

submarine war
64
–
6
,
79
,
97
,
137
,
158
–
60

Suez Canal
10
,
72
,
131
,
184
Suffren
(French battleship)
74
,
100
,
121
,
126
–
8

Sultan Osman/Agincourt, HMS/Rio de Janeiro(
Brazilian/Turkish/British battleship)
23
–
4

Sultan Yavuz Selim see Goeben, SMS
(later
Sultan Yavuz Selim
German/Turkish battle cruiser)

Suvla Bay
145
,
151
,
155
,
156

Swiftsure, HMS
(battleship)
126
–
7
,
150

Talaat Bey
15
,
28
–
9
,
29
,
133
,
181
,
188

Tenedos
119
,
153

Thursby, Rear-Admiral Cecil
150
,
152
,
153

Tirpitz, Admiral Alfred von
12
,
97

Trebizond (Trabzon)
96
,
186

Triple Entente (1907)
13
,
54
,
60

Triumph, HMS
(battleship)
100
,
105
,
125
,
127
,
159

Troubridge, Rear-Admiral Ernest
27
–
8
,
35
,
36
,
44
,
56
,
64
; background and career
42
; breaks off pursuit of
Goeben
and
Breslau
44
–
5
; and Milne
42
–
3
,
45
; ordered not to engage a superior force
68
,
70
; trial under Naval Discipline Act
69
–
70
; watching mouth of Adriatic
41
,
51

Turco-German secret pact (1914) xii,
29
–
30
,
32
,
39
,
56
–
8
,
181
,
206
–
7

Turkey xi
see also
Dardanelles campaign; Gallipoli campaign and failures; Ottoman Empire; army
110
,
146
,
156
,
185
,
186
; attempt to bribe
133
; Britain declares war
60
; Caucasian campaign
186
–
7
; domestic unrest
13
–
15
,
25
,
28
–
9
,
187
–
8
; emerges as a republic
195
; expulsion of British naval mission
54
–
6
; France declares war
60
; German military mission
10
,
25
–
6
,
30
; impact of Dardanelles campaign
129
–
30
,
178
,
180
; nationalism
196
,
199
; navy
4
,
16
,
23
–
4
,
55
; persecution of ethnic minorities
12
,
15
,
22
,
25
,
181
,
186
,
191
(see
also
Armenia and Armenians); post-war settlement
197
–
8
; purchases
Goeben
and
Breslau
52
,
53
; Russia declares war
60
; Russia offers alliance
55
; secret pact with Germany (1914) xii,
29
–
30
,
32
,
39
,
56
–
8
,
181
,
206
–
7

Turkish Question
9
–
24
,
170
,
202
–
3

United Nations
205
–
6

Unwin, Commander Edward
147
–
8

Usedom, Vice-Admiral
(later
Admiral) Guido von
4
,
57

Vengeance, HMS
(battleship)
100
–
1
,
105
,
106
,
126

Venizelos, Eleutherios, Greek Prime Minister
71
,
110
,
195
–
7
,
200
–
1

Versailles, Treaty of (1919)
187
–
8
,
196

Wangenheim, Baron Hans von
26
,
29
,
54
–
5
,
130
,
181

War Council (GB -
formerly
Committee of Imperial Defence)
113
,
138
,
176
; approves naval assault
87
,
175
; Churchill presents de Robeck's report
134
; and combined operation
104
; and Dardanelles disaster
81
–
91
,
110
,
133
,
163
–
5
,
179
–
80
; decision-making process
163
–
6
; dissenting opinions
88
–
9
; evacuation of Gallipoli
157
–
8
; and Kitchener
162
–
3
; membership
163
–
4
; and Serbia
86
; strategic shift
104
; and troops for Dardanelles
101

War Office (GB): army administration
167
; combined operation
108
; plans for forcing Dardanelles
89
–
91
; responsibility for failure
135
; strategy for forcing Dardanelles
22

War Staff Group, Admiralty
132
,
166
–
8

Weber Pasha, General
57

Weddigen, Lieutenant-Commander Otto
64

Wemyss, Rear-Admiral Rosslyn
87
,
108
,
120
,
121
,
135
,
150
,
152
,
189

Western Front
61
–
2
,
87
,
89
–
90
,
102
,
104
,
141
–
2
,
156
,
170
,
175
–
6
,
180
,
185

Westphal, Seaman
38

Weymouth, HMS
(light cruiser)
49
,
52
,
53

Wilhelm II, Kaiser
11
,
25
,
26
,
27
,
63

Wilson, Admiral Sir Arthur
89
,
143
,
167
; and Dardanelles Commission
166
,
173
–
4
; replaces Fisher
142

World Crisis, The
(1923–31)
40

Wray, Captain Fawcett
44
,
45
,
53

Xeros
152

“Young Turks” (Committee for Union and Progress - CUP))
13
–
15
,
23
,
28
,
187
–
8
,
196

Ypres, First Battle of (1914)
61
,
66
–
7

Yudenich, General Nikolai
186
–
7

Zeebrugge
62
,
84
,
85
,
98
,
114
,
137
,
189