Read Vikings Online

Authors: Neil Oliver

Vikings (48 page)

Elling Woman,
66

Emma of Normandy,
134
,
326
,
328
,
331

Encomium Emmae Reginae
,
133

England,
313

Alfred Jewel,
226

7

Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy,
222

Battle of Ashingdon,
325

6

Battle of Maldon,
317

18

Beowulf
,
122

under Cnut the Great,
326

31

first Kings of England,
257

60

government stabilised,
313

16

Historia Regum Anglorum
,
128

invasion by Harold Hardrada,
331

2

last Viking king,
313

Norman invasion, 1066,
271
,
332

3

payment of Danegeld,
317

18
,
321

St Brice’s Day Massacre,
321

4

trade,
158

Viking presence,
223

37
,
239

40

Viking raids,
192
,
318

19
,
324

5

English language, ‘loan words,’
237

Ericsson (telecommunications company),
35
,
36

Ermantarius (monk),
195

Ertebølle culture,
21

2
,
24
,
26
,
28
,
85

Essex,
222
,
257

Ethelred, King,
128

Etruscans,
70

1

Europe, Medieval,
221

The Face of Britain
(TV programme),
4

Falys, Ceri,
322

Fårö (Sweden),
107

11

Faroe Islands,
136
,
155
,
262
,
263

8

Fergus Mor mac Eirc,
104

Finland,
15

Gulf of,
159

Finnian of Clonard, St,
262

Flateyjarbók
,
263

4

Floki Vilgertharson,
265

6

food preservation,
274

6

Forannan, Abbot,
213

Forte, Angelo,
Viking Empires
,
75
,
78

Fossati, Gaspare and Giuseppe,
183

France,
153

arrival of Franks,
88

Bronze Age artefacts,
54

defeat of Muslim army by Charles Martel,
97
,
99

Greek colonies,
82

Quentovic,
158

secession of Normandy to the Vikings,
197

united by Clovis,
99

Viking raids,
194

6
,
195

Frankish Annals of St Bertin

see
Annales Bertiniani

Franks, the,
88
,
97
,
99
,
126
,
153
,
193
,
194

6
,
205
,
220

Frisia,
193
,
205

funeral ceremonies,
167

71

Fyrkat (Denmark),
310

Gaels,
104
,
240
,
251
,
254

6

Gamla Uppsala (Sweden),
114

22

Garthar Svavarsson,
266

Germany,
21
,
158

Gibbon, Edward,
94
,
97

Glasha River,
202
,
203

Godfred, King of the Danes,
127
,
173
,
193
,
194
,
297

gods and goddesses, Norse,
5

gods and goddesses, Viking,
114
,
119

20
,
162
,
231
,
268

9
,
278
,
278

9
,
293

see also Elder Edda
(Norse literature)

Gokstad Ship,
139

40

Gorm the Old,
293

4
,
297
,
298
,
300

1
,
309

Gorodisce (Russia),
184

Goths,
88
,
122

Gotland (Sweden),
24
,
45
,
46
,
79
,
91
,
107

8
,
157
,
173

Grauballe Man,
66

‘Great Heathen Army,’
224
,
225

8
,
233

Greeks,
70

1

Greenland,
136
,
137
,
155
,
280

4

Grentoft (Denmark),
58

Grimur Kamban,
264

Grønbjerg (Denmark),
58

Gudme (Denmark),
91

2
,
113

Gunnbjörn Ulfsson,
280

1
,
290

Gunnhild (sister of Svein
Forkbeard),
322

Gunnhild of Denmark,
328

Guthrum (later Aethelstan),
234
,
235

Gutnish (language),
107

Haakon IV, King of Norway,
253

Haakon Sigurdsson,
319

20

Haakon the Good,
313

Hadrian, Emperor,
87

Hadrian’s Wall,
87

Hærvejen
road (Denmark),
309

Hagia Sophia,
176
,
181
,
182

4

Halfdan, Viking chieftan,
234

Halfdan the Black,
138

Hallström, Gustaf,
47
,
48

Hålogaland (Norway),
319

Harald ‘Bluetooth’ Blatand,
35

6
,
293
,
297
,
300
,
301

2
,
305
,
307
,
308

9
,
311
,
317

conversion to Christianity,
303

4

Harald Fairhair,
139
,
154
,
240
,
241
,
250
,
262
,
312

13

Harald II of Denmark,
325
,
326

7

Harald Sigurdarsson (Hardrada),
331

2

Harold, King of Denmark,
205

Harold Godwinson,
331

2

Harthacnut, King of England,
326
,
330

Harun al-Rashid, Caliph of Baghdad,
101

Hassle (Sweden),
40

Hastein,
196

Hastings, Battle of,
332

3

Hávamál
(Norse poem),
279

Heaney, Seamus,
65

6

Hebridean Islands,
199
,
251

Hedeby (Denmark),
127
,
173
,
187
,
193
,
222
,
298

Hedegaard (Denmark), Iron Age settlement and cemetery,
89

90

Heimskringla
,
114
,
320

Hekla, Mount,
270

Helgö (Sweden),
124

6
,
188
,
190

Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor,
328

Henry the Fowler,
293
,
304

Herclius, Emperor,
96

7

Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg

see
State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg

Herning (Denmark),
55

6

Herodotus,
39

Hildebrand, Bror Emil,
117

Historia Normannorum
,
196

Historia Norwegie
,
240
,
247
,
265

Historia Regum Anglorum
,
128

Hjortspring Boat,
68

70
,
85
,
129
,
130

Hoby Chieftain’s grave,
80

1
,
85

Hodde (Denmark),
58
,
85

Holy Island

see
Iona; Lindisfarne

Holy Roman Empire,
101
,
304

Imperial Crown,
328

9

Hordaland,
11

Horik,
298

Horoaland,
154
,
155
,
198

Huldremose Woman,
66

7
,
85

human sacrifice,
63

8
,
119

21

Hungary,
48

Husby (Sweden),
122

hygiene,
145

6

Hywel, King of the Welsh,
258

Iberian peoples,
86

Ibn Fadlan,
144

6
,
166
,
167

71
,
185
,
290

Ibn Rustah, Ahmad,
166

7

Ice Age,
11

12

Iceland,
136
,
137
,
155
,
261

77

Athling,
271

4
,
305

conversion to Christianity,
305

Icelandic sagas,
84

5
,
158
,
261
,
294

India,
124

Ingolfr Arnarson,
266
,
267

Ingstad, Helge and Anne,
288

Inuit,
287
,
289

Iona,
11
,
104
,
147
,
148
,
149
,
241
,
255

Ireland

artefacts,
125

‘bog-bodies,’
67

conversion to Christianity,
147
,
199

200

Gaels,
104

monasticism,
262

3

National Museum,
212

Newgrange passage tomb,
49

slavery,
210

12

source of copper,
39

as Viking base,
154

5

Viking Dublin,
201

16
,
316

Viking raids,
197

8
,
257

iron, replaces bronze,
54

7

Iron Age,
56

9
,
63

burials,
80
,
89

90

climate,
88

Dunrally Fort, Ireland,
202

Roman imports,
89

90

slave trade,
211

12

weaponry and boats,
69

70

Islam,
95

8
,
105
,
176
,
182

Isle of Man,
155

6
,
192

Íslendingabók
(the Book of the Icelanders),
266
,
267

Istanbul,
1
,
182

see also
Constantinople

Italy, Viking raids,
196

Ivarr the Boneless,
215

16
,
227
,
233
,
236
,
260
,
297

Iversen, Kaare,
218
,
219

Izborsk (Russia),
172

James III, King of Scotland,
251
,
252

Jarlshof, Shetland Islands,
242

5

Jarrow,
11
,
154

Monkwearmouth-Jarrow Abbey,
111
,
152

Jelling (Denmark),
309

monuments,
298

9
,
301

2

Jensen, Troels Bo,
306
,
307

Jerusalem,
96

7

jewellery,
145

John XII, Pope,
304

John XIX, Pope,
327

Jomsvikings,
324

Jorvik

see
York

Judaism,
176

Justinian I, Emperor,
17
,
95
,
176
,
211

Jutes, the,
103

Kanhave Canal (Denmark),
297

Karl XV, King of Sweden,
116

karv
,
137

Kaul, Flemming,
45

keel, invention of,
129

30

Kelly, Eamonn,
202

5

Kenneth MacAlpin (Kenneth I of
Scotland),
255

6

Kent, England,
103
,
222

Kiev,
172
,
175

7
,
181
,
185

Kivik,
47
,
48

9
,
52
,
85

knarr
,
137

Knytlinga
saga,
330

Kongemose culture,
28

Koran,
96
,
97

Kristiansen, Kristian,
48

Landnánabók
,
266

language, English

Celtic and Anglo-Saxon influences,
239

40

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