Thinking Small (72 page)

54.3
. “These people come from many different”: Nordhoff, brochure.

54.4
.
Eighty thousand people living in Wolfsburg: New York Times,
1963.

54.5
. “economically unite the free world”: Nordhoff’s
Reden und Aufsaetze.

55.1
.
one of the worst years in American history
: Among other things, 1968 had seen the assassinations of Martin Luther King and Bobby Kennedy, the T
ET
offensive, and the disastrous riots and beatings at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago.

55.2
. The first stadium concert was in 1965. It was in Shea Stadium, and the band was the Beatles.

56.1
. “An observation that has”: Franz Marc, Sunday, 28 March 1915, 36.

56.2
. “understand the sixties”: Frank, 1.

56.3
. “by 1993 sales were so far in the toilet”: Kiley, AOL, 2011.

57.1
.
Hello again.
All these entries I copied from the guestbook into my notebook, then I mixed the geographies and a few words because
there’s no way for me to get anyone’s permission to use their words, and I didn’t want to invade their privacy.

58.1
. “Do you know anything”: Julian Koenig, Hiott.

58.2
. “I knew there couldn’t be only one”: George Lois, Hiott.

58.3
. The story of Helmut calling out “cuckoo” comes from author interview with George Lois.

58.4
. “It is quite possible that the effect of DDB is”:
Advertising Age,
Baker, 1 November 1965.

58.5
. “…  we disagreed sometimes about how an ad should be done”: Challis, 218.

58.6
. “I’ll be back on Monday”: Levenson, 3.

58.7
. ——— “What a different life it would have been”: Challis, 217.

58.8
.
More on Bernbach
: One of Bill’s biggest sources of creativity was always reading and the arts. He became a chairman of the Municipal Arts Society. He was on the board of the Salk Institute. He was on the National Book Committee. He taught at NYU. He was vice chairman of Lincoln Center’s film committee for a time. Julian would later work with Bobby
Kennedy. Later, he worked with Bill Moyers on the Johnson campaign. He had the chance to have worked for Goldwater but he said though Goldwater had good ideas, he was an angry man and “anger begets anger and triggers conflict.” DDB did one of the most memorable political TV ad campaigns of all time about the atomic bomb: the little girl picking the petals of a flower as a man counts down.

58.9
. “like pigeons from a sleeve”: Lois,
George Be Careful.

59.1
. “For some years now our economic policy has”: Original: Unsere oekonomische Politik ist schon seit Jahren zugleich Aussenpolitik gewesen.”: Hartrich, 5.

59.2
. “The assets of”: Hawranek,
Der Spiegel,
2009.

59.3
. “Character … is formed primarily by a man’s work.” Schumacher, 59.

59.4
. ——— “We always need both freedom and order:” Schumacher, 69.

bm1.1
.
diese Wagen läuft und läuft und läuft …
VW commercial:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ljPB0DanK74

bm1.2
. “The U.S. is the most important market for the Beetle”: Kiley, AOL, 2011.

bm1.3
. Volkswagen opened the Westmoreland Assembly Plant in Pennsylvania in 1978. It was not profitable and closed in 1988.

bm1.4
. In Tennessee there is another big work in progress.

bm1.5
. Quotes from designers are in
Objectified,
2009.

bm1.6
. “While consumers do appreciate knowing”: Adamson,
Forbes,
2011.

bm1.7
. Little Gidding: “Four Quartets” by T. S. Eliot:
We shall not cease from exploration /And the end of all our exploring /Will be to arrive where we started /And know the place for the first time.

About the Author
 

ANDREA HIOTT
was born in South Carolina and graduated with a degree in philosophy from the University of Georgia in Athens. She then went to Berlin to study German and neuroscience, and ended up staying and working as a freelance journalist. In 2005, alongside a group of international artists and writers, she co-founded an interdisciplinary journal called
Pulse,
now created in partnership with the Institute for Cultural Diplomacy. She serves as editor in chief.