Read The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism Online

Authors: Edward Baptist

Tags: #History, #United States, #General, #Social History, #Social Science, #Slavery

The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism (95 page)

BOOK: The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism
7.42Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub
ads

31
.
Natchez Gazette
, March 11, 1826; John Hope Franklin and Loren F. Schweniger,
Runaway Slaves: Rebels on the Plantation
(New York, 1999).

32
. Elisha Winfield Green,
Life of Elisha Winfield Green
. . . (Maysville, KY, 1888), 3.

33
.
Emancipator
, 1820; Hiram Hilty,
North Carolina Quakers and Slavery
(Richmond, IL, 1984), 93; Stephen Weeks,
Southern Quakers and Slavery: A Study in Institutional History
(New York, 1968); Ryan P. Jordan,
Slavery and the Meetinghouse: The Quakers and the Abolitionist Dilemma
(Bloomington, IN, 2007), 7.

34
. Benjamin Lundy,
Life, Travels, and Opinions of Benjamin Lundy
(Philadelphia, 1847), 15–24.

35
. Phineas Norton, Haiti trip notebook, 1826, Th. Kennedy to Meeting for Sufferings, 1826, and “Account of Negroes,” Manumission Society Papers, SHC.

36
.
Emancipator
, September 1820, 86; Merton Dillon,
Benjamin Lundy and the Struggle for Negro Freedom
(Urbana, IL, 1966), 117–120;
Genius of Universal Emancipation
, September 12, 1825.

37
.
Genius of Universal Emancipation
, January 20, 1827, February 24, 1827, March 31, 1827; Gudmestad,
Troublesome Commerce
, 155–156.

38
. Henry Mayer,
All On Fire: William Lloyd Garrison and the Abolition of Slavery
(New York, 1998); C. Peter Ripley,
The Black Abolitionist Papers: The United States, 1830–1846
(Chapel Hill, NC, 1991), 7–10; Lundy,
Life;
John L. Thomas,
The Liberator: William Lloyd Garrison
(Boston, 1963), 106–113.

39
.
Freedom’s Journal
, March 16, 1827. The asterisk indicates that this was an abbreviation, but it was understood that the name was “Woolfolk.”

40
. Stephen Kantrowitz,
More Than Freedom: Fighting for Black Citizenship in a White Republic, 1829–1889
(New York, 2013), 13–40; Peter Hinks,
To Awaken My Afflicted Brethren: David Walker and the Problem of Antebellum Slave Resistance
(University Park, PA, 1997).

41
. David Walker,
Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World
(Boston, 1829), 12–26, 43, 62–75.

42
. David E. Swift,
Black Prophets of Justice
(Baton Rouge, LA, 1989), 23–41; Walker,
Appeal
, 65, 71–72.

43
. Ford,
Deliver Us from Evil
, 332–338.

44
. Hinks,
Awaken My Afflicted Brethren
, 269–270;
Liberator
, January 22, 1831.

45
. The literature on the abolitionist movement is vast. Within it, a few good starting points that do not silence the voices of the formerly enslaved include: Benjamin Quarles,
Black Abolitionists
(New York, 1969); R. J. M. Blackett,
Building an Antislavery Wall: Black Abolitionists in the Atlantic Abolitionist Movement, 1830–1860
(Baton Rouge, LA, 1983); Paul Goodman,
Of One Blood: Abolitionism and the Origins of Racial Equality
(Berkeley, CA, 1998); James Oliver Horton and Lois E. Horton,
In Hope of Liberty: Culture, Community, and Protest Among Northern Free Blacks, 1700–1860
(New York, 1997); Julie Roy Jeffrey,
The Great Silent Army of Abolitionism: Ordinary Women in the Abolitionist Movement
(Chapel Hill, NC, 1998); Richard S. Newman,
The Transformation of American Abolitionism: Fighting Slavery in the Early Republic
(Chapel Hill, NC, 2002); James Brewer Stewart,
Abolitionist Politics and the Coming of the Civil War
(Amherst, MA, 2008); J. Brent Morris, “‘All The Wise and Truly Pious Have One and the Same End in View’: Oberlin, the West, and Abolitionist Schism,”
Civil War History
57 (2011): 234–267; Margaret Washington,
Sojourner Truth’s America
(Urbana, IL, 2009); Stanley Harrold,
Border War: Fighting Over Slavery Before the Civil War
(Chapel Hill, NC, 2010); Kantrowitz,
More Than Freedom.

46
. Brown,
Narrative of William Wells Brown
, 13, 51; cf. Thomas Smallwood,
A Narrative of Thomas Smallwood
(Toronto, 1851), 19; Isaac Williams,
Aunt Sally, Or, the Cross the Way of Freedom
(Cincinnati, 1858), 89; Charles Ball,
Slavery in the United States: A Narrative of the Life and Adventures of Charles Ball
. . . (New York, 1837), 36; Moses Roper,
A Narrative of the Adventures and Escape of Moses Roper
(Philadelphia, 1838), 62; J. W. Loguen,
The Rev. J. W. Loguen as a Slave and a Freeman
(Syracuse, NY, 1859), 14–15; Charles Wheeler,
Chains and Freedom, Or, the Life and Adventures of Peter Wheeler, a Colored Man
(New York, 1839), 36–45;
Running a Thousand Miles for Freedom, Or, The Escape of William and Ellen Craft from Slavery
(London, 1860), 3–7; Henry Brown,
Narrative of Henry Box Brown
(Boston, 1849), 15; Kate E. R. Pickard,
The Kidnapped and the Ransomed: Being the Personal Recollections of Peter Still and His Wife “Vina”
(Syracuse, NY, 1856), passim; Lunsford Lane,
The Narrative of Lunsford Lane
(Boston, 1842), 20. Cf. Elizabeth Clark, “‘The Sacred Rights of the Weak’: Pain, Sympathy and the Culture of Individual Rights in Antebellum America,”
JAH
82 (1995): 463–493; Karen Halttunen, “Humanitarianism and the Pornography of Pain in Anglo-American Culture,”
AHR
100, no. 2 (1995): 303–334.

47
.
Freedom’s Journal
, March 16, 1827.

48
. GSMD, 99–100.

49
. Nathan O. Hatch,
The Democratization of American Christianity
(New Haven, CT, 1989).

50
. Albert Raboteau,
Slave Religion: The “Invisible Institution” in the Antebellum South
(New York, 1978), 129–132, 223–225; Christine Heyrman,
Southern Cross: The Beginning of the Bible Belt
(New York, 1997), 217–225.

51
. NSV, 137; Charles F. Irons,
The Origins of Proslavery Christianity: White and Black Evangelicals in Colonial and Antebellum Virginia
(Chapel Hill, NC, 2008); Jeffrey Young,
Domesticating Slavery: The Master Class in Georgia and South Carolina, 1670–1837
(Chapel Hill, NC, 1999); David Barrow,
Involuntary Slavery Examined
(Lexington, KY, 1808), 22; Betsey Madison, ST, 185–186; Betty Crissman, ST, 468–469; Ball,
Slavery in the United States
, 164–165.

52
. On Cane Creek: John B. Boles,
The Great Revival, 1787–1805: The Origins of the Southern Evangelical Mind
(Lexington, KY, 1972); Ellen Eslinger,
Citizens of Zion: The Social Origins of Camp Meeting Revivalism
(Knoxville, TN, 1999); Paul Conkin,
Cane Ridge, America’s Pentecost
(Madison, WI, 1990).

53
. John F. Watson,
Methodist Error, Or Friendly Christian Advice to Those Methodists Who Indulge in Extravagant Religious Emotions and Bodily Exercises
(Trenton, NJ, 1819); Jane Alexander to Mary Springs, July 24, 1801, Springs Papers, SHC; R. C. Puryear to Isaac Jarratt, November 16, 1832, Jarratt-Puryear Papers, Duke.

54
. Jon Butler,
Awash in a Sea of Faith: Christianizing the American People
(Cambridge, MA, 1990).

55
. Adam Hodgson,
Remarks During a Journey Through North America in the Years 1819, 1820, 1821
(New York, 1823), 200; Randy J. Sparks,
On Jordan’s Stormy Banks: Evangelicalism in Mississippi, 1773–1876
(Athens, GA, 1994), 61–66; Ellen Eslinger, “The Beginnings of Afro-American Christianity,” in Craig Thompson Friend, ed.,
The Buzzel About Kentuck: Settling the Promised Land
(Lexington, KY, 1998), 206–207; Daniel Walker Howe,
What God Hath Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815–1848
(New York, 2007).

56
. Sparks,
On Jordan’s Stormy Banks
, 66–71, 116–117, 125–139; David T. Bailey, “A Divided Prism: Two Sources of Black Testimony on Slavery,”
JSH
46 (1980): 392; Randolph Scully, “‘I Come Here Before You Did and I Shall Not Go Away’: Race, Gender, and Evangelical Community on the Eve of the Nat Turner Rebellion,”
JER
27, no. 4 (2007): 661–684; Janet Duitsman Cornelius,
Slave Missions and the Black Church in the Antebellum South
(Columbia, SC, 1999); Isaac Johnson,
Slavery Days in Old Kentucky
(Ogdensburg, NY, 1901), 25–26; Solomon Northup,
Twelve Years a Slave
(Auburn, NY, 1853), 94.

57
. June 26, 1821, Neill Brown Papers, Duke.

58
. GSMD, 36, 71, 98; cf. GSMD, pp. 41, 53–55, 81–83, 146.

59
. GSMD, 215. The screaming mothers and abandoned babies are frequent elements in Works Progress Administration accounts of the domestic slave trade as-told-to-the-interviewee: e.g., Dave Harper, AS, 11.2 (MO), 163; Alice Douglass, AS, 7.1 (OK), 73–74.

60
. GSMD, 99–100.

61
. William Webb,
History of William Webb
(Detroit, 1873), 5.

62
. Lula Chambers, AS, 11.2, (MO), 79–81; Robert Falls, AS, 16.6 (TN), 16; Henry Bibb to Albert G. Sibley, September 23, 1852, ST, 50–51; Hannah Davidson, AS, 16.4 (OH), 32.

63
. Ball,
Slavery in the United States
, 221.

64
. Brown,
Slave Life in Georgia
, 3.

65
. Scully, “‘I Come Here,’” 675; Ira Berlin,
Generations of Captivity: A History of African-American Slaves
(Cambridge, MA, 2003), 209.

66
. Nat Turner,
Confessions of Nat Turner
(Baltimore, 1831), 10–11.

67
. Scot P. French,
The Rebellious Slave: Nat Turner in American Memory
(Boston, 2004), 83; Patrick Breen, “Contested Communion: The Limits of White Solidarity in Nat Turner’s Virginia,”
JER
27, no. 4 (2007): 685–703; Anthony E. Kaye, “Neighborhoods and Nat Turner: The Making of a Slave Rebel and the Unmaking of a Slave Rebellion,”
JER
27, no. 4 (2007): 705–720; estimate from Patrick Breen, “Nat Turner’s Revolt: Rebellion and Response in Southampton County, Virginia” (PhD diss., University of Georgia, 2005).

68
.
New Orleans Bee
, September 15, 1831; Rachel O’Connor to Brother, October 13, 1831: Allie B. W. Webb, ed.,
Mistress of Evergreen Plantation: Rachel O’Connor’s Legacy of Letters, 1823–1845
(Albany, NY, 1983), 62–63.

69
.
New Orleans Bee
, November 19, 1831; Office of the Mayor, List of Slaves Arrived, 1831, NOPL; W. M. Drake, “The Mississippi Constitutional Convention of 1832,”
JSH
23 (1957); Stephen Duncan to Thomas Butler, September 4, 1831, Butler Papers, LLMVC.

BOOK: The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism
7.42Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub
ads

Other books

Assassin (John Stratton) by Falconer, Duncan
Illegal Possession by Kay Hooper
Replica by Bill Clem
The Sixth Station by Linda Stasi
Rapture of Canaan by Sheri Reynolds
Singed by Holt, Desiree, Standifer, Allie
Battle of the Bands by Snyder, J.M.
Blue Shifting by Eric Brown


readsbookonline.com Copyright 2016 - 2024