Lincoln (152 page)

330
out his problems:
The following paragraphs follow Irvin McDowell’s diary account in William Swinton,
Campaigns of the Army of the Potomac
(New York: Charles B. Richardson, 1866), pp. 79–82.

330
adjourned the meeting:
“General M. C. Meigs on the Conduct of the Civil War,” pp. 292–293; Henry J. Raymond,
The Life and Public Services of Abraham Lincoln
(New York: Derby & Miller, 1865), pp. 776–777.

331
“his own hands”:
Virginia Woodbury Fox, Diary, Jan. 26, 1862, Levi Woodbury MSS, LC.

331
his “political education”: CW,
4:214.

331
to veto measures:
Anna Prentner, “Application of Veto Power by Abraham Lincoln,”
Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine
6 (Jan. 1923): 51–55. Lincoln vetoed or pocket-vetoed only seven bills during his presidency, mostly unimportant measures rejected for technical reasons. The Wade-Davis bill, discussed in a subsequent chapter, was highly exceptional. For a different view of Lincoln’s use of the veto, see Allan G. Bogue,
The Congressman’s Civil War
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), pp. 52–53.

331
“look much better”:
Francis Fessenden,
Life and Public Services of William Pitt Fessenden
(Boston: Houghton Mifflin & Co., 1907), 1:260.

332
“mildness towards... traitors”:
Hans L. Trefousse,
Benjamin Franklin Wade: Radical Republican from Ohio
(New York: Twayne Publishers, 1963), p. 186.

332
“regard to slavery”:
Trefousse,
The Radical Republicans,
p. 184.

332
“feasting and dancing”:
Allan Nevins,
Frémont: Pathmarker of the West
(New York: Longmans, Green & Co., 1955), p. 552.

332
Lincoln was President:
William Jayne to William Butler, Mar. 21, 1861, Butler MSS, Chicago Historical Society. In time, Lincoln came to have “no doubt that Judge Trumbull is not his friend.” David Davis to Leonard Swett, Nov. 26, 1861, Davis MSS, ISHL.

332
spread of liberty:
David Herbert Donald, “Abraham Lincoln and the American Pragmatic Tradition,” in
Lincoln Reconsidered,
pp. 128–143.

333
“hostile to me”:
Hay,
Diary,
p. 235.

333
mortally offended them: John
Hay to WHH, Sept. 5, 1866, HWC.

333
whom he succeeded:
The authoritative biography is Benjamin P. Thomas and Harold M. Hyman,
Stanton: The Life and Times of Lincoln’s Secretary of War
(New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1962).

333
“whom he fears”:
Welles,
Diary,
1.128—129.

333
“and of loyalty”:
Joseph Holt to AL, Jan. 15, 1862, Lincoln MSS, LC.

334
“a while first”:
Thomas and Hyman,
Stanton,
p. 151.

334 “
Secretary of War”: CW
, 6:312.

334
“he sometimes does”:
Donald,
Lincoln Reconsidered,
p. 71.

334
“rein on me”: CW,
5:284.

334
“it be done”: CW,
5:206. In this case Lincoln subsequently withdrew his directive, claiming that it was “plainly no order at all.”
CW,
5:229.

334
carrying out the order: CW,
5:111.

334
“the one weakened”:
Browning,
Diary,
1:523. He recommended the same strategy to General Buell.
CW,
5:98.

335
in eastern Kentucky:
See the excellent account of this engagement in Gerald J. Prokopowicz, “All for the Regiment: Unit Cohesion and Tactical Stalemate in the Army of the Ohio, 1861—1862” (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard University, 1994), chap. 3.

335
“a grievous mistake”:
Helen Nicolay,
Lincoln’s Secretary: A Biography of John G. Nicolay
(New York: Longmans, Green & Co., 1949), pp. 131–132.

335
cannon to Kentucky:
Joshua F. Speed to Joseph Holt, Feb. 4, 1862, Holt MSS, LC.

336
“ever seen here”:
This description follows, with minor changes, my account in “‘This Damned Old House’: The Lincolns in the White House,” in Frank Freidel and William Pencak, eds.,
The White House: The First Two Hundred Years
(Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1994), p. 63.

336
probably typhoid fever:
This is the most probable diagnosis of Willie’s illness, but Dr. Milton H. Shutes believed that it was “broncho-pneumonia (or pneumonitis) with damaged kidneys as a possible, determinate factor.” Shutes, “Mortality of the Five Lincoln Boys,”
LH
57 (Spring-Summer 1955), p. 6.

336
of his recovery:
John G. Nicolay, Diary, Feb. 18, 1862, Nicolay MSS, LC.

336
“is actually gone!”:
Nicolay,
Lincoln’s Secretary,
pp. 132–133.

336
“loved him so”:
Ruth Painter Randall,
Lincoln’s Sons
(Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1955), p. 131.

336
and he wept:
LeGrand B. Cannon to WHH, Oct. 7, 1888, HWC. The quotation is from
King John,
act 3, scene 4.

337
“died
—
never before”:
WHH, interview with Mrs. Abraham Lincoln, Sept. 5, 1866, HWC.

337
“I cannot succeed”: CW,
4:190.

337
“never deserted us”: CW,
4:199.

337
“of the Universe”: CW,
4:226.

337
“this favored land”: CW,
4:271.

337
lived in heaven:
Edgar DeWitt Jones,
Lincoln and the Preachers
(New York: Harper & Brothers, 1948), pp. 35–38.

337
“a process of crystallization”:
Carpenter,
Six Months,
p. 189.

337
veils and crepes:
Randall,
Mary Lincoln,
pp. 284–288.

338
“necessary to us”:
Ibid., p. 296.

338
“not get invitations”:
Baker,
Mary Todd Lincoln,
p. 215.

338
“notions of life”:
David Davis to William W. Orme, Feb. 23, 1862, Orme MSS, Illinois Historical Survey.

338
“gambler and drunkard”:
E. A. Hitchcock to “Cox,” Apr. 1862, Hitchcock MSS, LC.

339
“of our cause”: CW,
5:119–125. The quoted words are italicized in the source.

339
“to do anything”:
John G. Nicolay, Diary, Feb. 27, 1862, Nicolay MSS, LC. Nicolay discreetly recorded Lincoln’s explosion as “Why in the——nation.”

340
of the engagement:
Welles,
Diary,
1:62–65.

340
“word of it”:
McClellan,
McClellan’s Own Story,
pp. 195–196.

340
“one we adopt”:
Williams,
Lincoln and His Generals,
p. 67.

341
plan of campaign:
Samuel P. Heintzelman, Diary, Mar. 8, 1862, Heintzelman MSS, LC. N. P. Banks was named to command a Fifth Army Corps, to be composed of his own division and that of James Shields, which was to operate in the Shenandoah Valley.
CW,
5:149–150.

341
to the field:
Bates,
Diary,
p. 239.

341
to army administration: CW,
5:155.

341
“my public duties”:
George B. McClellan to AL, Mar. 12, 1862, Lincoln MSS, LC.

342
“been at Manasses”:
Browning,
Diary,
1:552.

342
“of universal liberty”: Congressional Globe,
38 Cong., 2 sess., p. 441.

342
“was never played”:
J. G. Randall,
Lincoln the Liberal Statesman
(New York: Dodd, Mead & Co., 1947), p. 72.

342
“in the White House”: The Liberator,
Jan. 31, 1862.

342
“Slave-holders rebellion”:
Joseph Medill to AL, Feb. 9, 1862, Lincoln MSS, LC.

342
“did the President”:
Randall,
Lincoln the Liberal Statesman,
p. 67.

342
“to think so”:
Segal,
Conversations,
p. 168.

342
“somehow” the cause:
In his second inaugural Lincoln said that the slaves “constituted a peculiar and powerful interest” that was “somehow, the cause of the war.”
CW,
8:332.

342
the nefarious traffic: CW,
5:128–129.

343
“remorseless revolutionary struggle”: CW,
5:48–49.

343
of ultimate extinction:
Robert W. Johannsen, ed.,
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates of 1858
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1965), p. 265.

343
“to our armies”:
Browning,
Diary,
1:477–478.

343
of Henry Clay:
Lincoln’s ideas on colonization were actually closer to Jefferson’s than to Clay’s. Like Jefferson, Lincoln always advocated voluntary emigration, while Clay endorsed forcible deportation of blacks. Marvin R. Cain, “Lincoln’s Views on Slavery and the Negro: A Suggestion,”
The Historian
26 (Aug. 1964): 502–520.

343
“congenial to them”: CW,
5:48.