Laughter in Ancient Rome (72 page)

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Illustrations and Credits

  
1.   
Frans Hals,
The Laughing Cavalier,
1624. Oil on canvas. Wallace Collection, London, P84. Reproduced by kind permission of the Trustees.

  
2.   
Cave Canem
mosaic from the entrance of the House of the Tragic Poet (6.8.5), Pompeii, first century CE. Soprintendenza Archeologica di Pompei. By permission of the
Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali
.

  
3.   
Bronze statuette of an actor with an ape’s head, Roman date. Private collection.

  
4.   
A boy with a performing monkey. Copy of a painting from the House of the Dioscuri (6.9.6/7), Pompeii. Original, first century CE. By permission of the
Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali
.

  
5.   
Aeneas as an ape. Copy of a painting from a house (unknown) in Pompeii. Original, Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples, inv. 9089.

  
6.   
Rembrandt van Rijn, self-portrait as Zeuxis, c. 1668. Oil on canvas. Wallraf Richartz Museum, Cologne, Inv. Nr. WRM 2526.

Index

Abdera: association with laughter,
51
,
92
; jokes about,
191–92
,
195

actors, place in social hierarchy,
119
,
167
.
See also
mime actors

Acts of Saint Dasius,
235n42

adridere
/
arridere
(to laugh),
71–72
,
238n1
; Martial’s use of,
72
,
238n5
; Seneca’s use of,
150–51
; sinister uses of,
238n3

Aeneas, images of,
162–63
,
261n35

Aesop: comical appearance of,
138
; death of,
139
; faculty of speech,
138
,
144
; historical,
254n31
; joking with master,
138
; life of,
137–39
; and stolen figs,
265n95

agelasts
(nonlaughers),
3
,
160
; Anacharsis,
160–61
,
167
,
174
; Crassus,
25
,
42
,
176
,
178
; fairy princesses,
174
; Greek,
265n89
; Parmeniscus of Metapontum,
174–76
,
206
; unwilling,
174–76

Anacharsis: as
agelast,
167
,
174
; laughter of,
160–61
,
163

Anaxandrides,
275n86
;
The Madness of Old Men,
208

Andreassi, M.,
271n40

Andromachus of Carrhae,
151

animals: boundary with humans,
137
,
157–60
; comical,
27
; homology with humans,
224n14
; laughter of,
34
,
46–48
,
159
,
161
,
227n43
,
253n27
.
See also
dogs; monkeys and apes; primates

Antigenes (master of Eunus),
152

Antonia (daughter of Mark Antony), bodily peculiarity of,
25

Antonius, Marcus: in
On the Orator,
108
,
109
,
113
,
119
,
248n37
,
250n80

Antony, Mark: on Cicero’s jokes,
101–2

apes.
See
monkeys and apes

apophthegmata:
collections of,
202
; modern usages of,
274n68

Apuleius,
The Golden Ass,
x
,
89
,
178–84
; Anglophone approaches to,
266n101
;
auctor et actor
in,
181
,
183–84
,
267n127
; god of Laughter in,
160
,
178
,
181–83
; human-animal boundary in,
160
,
167
,
183
; human nutrition in,
266n109
; Isis in,
178
; laugher and laughed at in,
181
,
184
,
268n130
; links with Cicero,
267n127
; and
Lucius,
or
The Ass,
178–79
,
180
; manuscript tradition of,
267n127
; mock trial in,
182
,
183
; narrator of,
181
,
183
; polyphonic aspects of,
267n116
; reality and illusion in,
267n121
; relationship to similar texts,
178–79
,
180
,
266nn104
,
112
; thievery in,
179
; transformations in,
178
,
179
,
182–83