Read For the Thrill of It: Leopold, Loeb, and the Murder That Shocked Jazz Age Chicago Online
Authors: Simon Baatz
Tags: #General, #United States, #Biography, #Murder, #History, #Non-Fiction, #Biography & Autobiography, #20th Century, #Legal History, #Law, #True Crime, #State & Local, #Criminals & Outlaws, #Case studies, #Murderers, #Chicago, #WI), #Illinois, #Midwest (IA, #ND, #NE, #IL, #IN, #OH, #MO, #MN, #MI, #KS, #SD
27.
Arthur M. Evans, “County G.O.P. Slate Romps In 200,000 Victor,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 3 November 1920; “‘Great Victory,’ Say Crowe and Fred Lundin,”
Chicago Herald and Examiner
, 3 November 1920; “Winners in County Get Record Vote,”
Chicago Herald and Examiner
, 4 November 1920.
28.
“Staged Holdup; Slew Wife,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 10 July 1920.
29.
“Wanderer Jury Told How Gun Trapped Slayer,”
Chicago Daily Tribune,
15 October 1920.
30.
“Duel in Dark: Ex-Army Man Avenges Death,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 22 June 1920; “‘Kiss for Julia, Bullets for Mrs. Wanderer,’”
Chicago Daily Tribune,
26 October 1920.
31.
“Mask Torn Off, Wanderer Is Crime Enigma,”
Chicago Sunday Tribune
, 11 July 1920.
32.
“Wanderer Jury.”
33.
“Puzzle Grows over Death of Soldier’s Wife,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 9 July 1920.
34.
“Staged Holdup”; “Sister Tells of Wanderer’s Love Affairs,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 13 July 1920.
35.
“Claims Torture Won Confession from Wanderer,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 27 October 1920.
36.
“25 Years for Wanderer,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 30 October 1920.
37.
Ibid.
38.
Ibid.; “‘Poor Boob’ May Hang Wanderer at New Trial,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 31 October 1920.
39.
“25 Years”; “Sentence Makes Wanderer Grin, but Grin Fades,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 4 November 1920.
40.
“Election Brings Month Respite for Wanderer,”
Chicago Herald and Examiner
, 2 November 1920.
41.
“Carl Wanderer Again Must Face Gallows Noose,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 8 January 1921.
42.
“Wanderer Born Insane, Hickson Tells Jurors,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 11 March 1921; “Alienist Holds Wanderer has Mind of Boy, 11,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 12 March 1921; “Women Experts Hold Stage at Wanderer Trial,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 15 March 1921.
43.
“Decree Noose for Wanderer, ‘Boob’s’ Killer,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 19 March 1921.
44.
George S. Buck, “The Crime Wave and Law Enforcement,”
Outlook
131 (3 May 1922): 16; Charles Frederick Carter, “The Carnival of Crime in the United States,”
Current History
15 (February 1922): 754; “Lawlessness: The Shame of America,”
Current Opinion
77 (July 1924): 16; Basil Thomson, “The Crime Wave and How to Deal with It,”
Saturday Evening Post
195 (24 February 1923): 9.
45.
Theodore E. Burton, “Curbing Crime in the United States,”
Current History
23 (January 1926): 472–473; “Wanted: A New Crusade,”
Current Opinion
70 (February 1921): 150; Mark O. Prentiss, “War on the Growing Menace of Crime,”
Current History
23 (October 1925): 2–4; “Murder by Wholesale,”
Literary Digest
74 (22 July 1922): 34.
46.
“Crowe to Quiz Those Who Lost in ‘Monte Carlo,’”
Chicago Sunday Tribune
, 15 May 1921; “‘Fixing’ Charge Stirs Crowe; Raids Net 200,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 19 June 1921; “Crowe’s Raiders Sweep 2d Ward Clubs, Jail 200,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 25 June 1921.
47.
Richard C. Lindberg,
To Serve and Collect: Chicago Politics and Police Corruption from the Lager Beer Riot to the Summerdale Scandal
(New York: Praeger, 1991), 173–174; “Crowe Defies Fitzmorris in War on Gambling,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 31 October 1921; “Cops Bootleggers!—Chief,”
Chicago Sunday Tribune
, 25 September 1921.
48.
Editorial, “The Coalition Victory,”
Chicago Daily Journal
, 7 June 1924.
49.
John R. Schmidt,
“The Mayor Who Cleaned Up Chicago”: A Political Biography of William E. Dever
(DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1989), 66, 72.
50.
“School Graft Trail Widens,”
Chicago Sunday Tribune
, 7 May 1922; “New $1,000,000 School Quiz,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 9 May 1922.
51.
“Crowe Narrows School Quiz to Property Deals,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 18 May 1922; “3 School Officials Indicted for Fraud,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 24 August 1922; “13 Indicted in School Scandal: Order Arrests,”
Chicago Sunday Tribune
, 3 September 1922.
52.
“Grand Jury Seeking a Chat with Mr. Lundin,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 15 September 1922.
53.
“Jacob M. Loeb,” in Paul Gilbert and Charles Lee Bryson,
Chicago and Its Makers
(Chicago: F. Mendelsohn, 1929), 928.
54.
Philip Kinsley, “Board Danced to Lundin Whip, Hanson Swears,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 9 June 1923; Philip Kinsley, “Lundin Partner in Rohm’s Firm, Kin Tells Jury,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 28 June 1923; Philip Kinsley, “Show Lundin’s Companies Got Door Contracts,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 29 June 1923.
55.
Philip Kinsley, “Lundin Linked to ‘Solid Six’ in Graft Trial,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 8 June 1923.
56.
Philip Kinsley, “Lundin Didn’t Boss Schools, Says ‘Big Bill,’”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 7 July 1923; “‘Only Thompson’s Office Boy’—Lundin,”
Chicago Herald and Examiner
, 10 July 1923.
57.
Philip Kinsley, “It’s Friday, the 13th, and Lundin Case Goes to Jury,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 13 July 1923; “Darrow Closes Lundin Plea in 3-Hour Speech,”
Chicago Herald and Examiner
, 13 July 1923.
58.
“Jury Frees Lundin and 15 Others,”
Chicago Herald and Examiner
, 14 July 1923.
59.
Editorial, “The Lundin Verdict,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 16 July 1923.
CHAPTER 10: THE INDICTMENT
1.
Richard Loeb to Anna Loeb and Albert Loeb, 28 July 1924, Folder 3, Irving Stone Papers, Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley.
2.
Nathan F. Leopold,
Life Plus 99 Years
(Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1958), 54–55.
3.
Ibid., 54–55.
4.
“Identifies Loeb in Moron Gland Attack on Midway,”
Chicago Daily Journal
, 2 June 1924; “‘Gland’ Holdup a Puzzle; Police Quiz Students,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 22 November 1923.
5.
“Slain in Auto Near Midway,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 26 November 1923; “Phone Tip Revives Tracy Murder Case,”
Chicago Daily News
, 21 June 1924; “Two More Chicago Murders Linked with Student Killers; Grand Jury Inquiry Begins,”
The World
(New York), 4 June 1924.
6.
“Loeb, Leopold Sued by Woman,”
Chicago Daily Journal
, 5 June 1924; “Woman Recites Attack by Franks Killers,”
Chicago Daily Journal
, 17 July 1924; “Woman Sues Boy’s Slayers,”
Chicago Herald and Examiner
, 6 June 1924.
i1
7.
“Franks’ Killers Gland Robbers?”
Chicago Daily Journal
, 2 June 1924; “Two More Chicago Murders,”
The World
(New York), 4 June 1924.
8.
“Files Suit against Loeb and Leopold,”
Chicago Daily News
, 6 June 1924.
9.
James Doherty, “Quick Trial for Boy Slayers,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 3 June 1924; “Identifies Loeb,”
Chicago Daily Journal
, 2 June 1924; “Writ Puts 2 Slayers in Sheriff’s Hands,”
Chicago Herald and Examiner
, 3 June 1924.
10.
“Franks Story to Jury,”
Chicago Daily Journal
, 3 June 1924; “Grand Jurors Who Will Hear Story of Robt. Franks Murder,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 4 June 1924.
11.
“Crowe Acts to Avert Franks Case ‘Fixing,’”
Chicago Daily News
, 4 June 1924.
12.
“Franks Story,”
Chicago Daily Journal
, 3 June 1924.
13.
“Boy Slayers Play Baseball in Jail; Victim’s Father Weeps before Jury,”
Chicago Herald and Examiner
, 4 June 1924.
14.
“Killers Stalked Human Prey,”
Chicago Daily Journal
, 4 June 1924.
15.
“Passage for Leopold Booked on Liner,”
Chicago Daily News
, 6 June 1924; “Ask Franks Trial in Month,”
Chicago Daily Journal
, 6 June 1924; “Slayers in Court June 11,”
Chicago Evening Post
, 6 June 1924.
16.
“Ask Franks Trial”; “Slayers in Court.”
17.
“Ask Franks Trial.”
18.
“Ask Franks Trial”; “Killers Stalked.”
19.
“Leopold and Loeb Indicted as Kidnappers and Slayers; Sane, Says State’s Alienist,”
The World
(New York), 6 June 1924.
20.
“Saw Loeb at Wheel before Kidnapping,”
Chicago Daily News
, 9 June 1924; “Leopold and Loeb Will Plead Not Guilty to Killing,”
Chicago Evening Post
, 9 June 1924.
21.
“City Demands Franks Boy Slayers Be Brought to Trial Immediately,”
Chicago Herald and Examiner
, 4 June 1924.
22.
Ibid.
23.
Editorial, “Justice Demands a Speedy Trial,”
Chicago Herald and Examiner
, 3 June 1924.
24.
C. L. Stevens, Letter, “For a Vigilantes’ Committee,”
Chicago Herald and Examiner
, 7 June 1924.
25.
“Slayers’ Parents’ First Statement Bases All Hope on Insanity Plea,”
Chicago Herald and Examiner
, 7 June 1924; “Won’t Try to Buy Slayers’ Freedom, Fathers Declare,”
Chicago Evening Post
, 7 June 1924.
26.
Editorial, “The Franks Case,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 10 June 1924.
i1
27.
“Boy Killers Plead; Trial Set for Aug. 4,”
Chicago Daily News
, 11 June 1924.
28.
“Arraign Two Boy Killers Wednesday,”
Chicago Daily Journal
, 10 June 1924.
29.
“Caverly’s Record Favors Life Terms,”
Chicago Daily News
, 30 August 1924.
30.
“Benjamin Charles Bachrach,” in Paul Gilbert and Charles Lee Bryson,
Chicago and Its Makers
(Chicago: F. Mendelsohn, 1929), 776; “Benjamin Bachrach, Criminal Lawyer, 76,”
New York Times
, 1 January 1951.
31.
Geoffrey C. Ward,
Unforgivable Blackness: The Rise and Fall of Jack Johnson
(New York: Knopf, 2004), 296–349.
32.
“Try Loeb Leopold on August 4,”
Chicago Daily Journal
, 11 June 1924; “Boy Killers Plead”; “Franks Trial Aug. 4; Insanity Is Plea,”
Chicago Herald and Examiner
, 12 June 1924; “Leopold, Loeb Trial Set for Monday, Aug. 4,”
Chicago Daily Tribune
, 12 June 1924; “Loeb, Leopold Plead Not Guilty; Trial August 4,”
Chicago Evening Post
, 11 June 1924.
CHAPTER 11: THE SCIENTISTS ARRIVE
1.
Clarence Darrow, “Not a Milk and Water Theory,”
Everyman
11 (December 1915): 13.