told by Sir William Monson, p. 225, that the admiral of England fired at the Spanish navy, when Philip was on board; because they had not lowered their top-sails, as a mark of deference to the English navy in the narrow seas. A very spirited behaviour, and very unlike those times.

[p]Baker, p. 320.

[q]Mem. of Cranm. p. 344. Strype’s Eccl. Mem. vol. iii. p. 154, 155.

[r]Burnet, vol. ii. p. 291. Strype, vol. iii. p. 155.

[s]Fox, vol. iii. p. 3. Heylin, p. 42. Burnet, vol. ii. p. 293. Godwin, p. 247.

[t]Father Paul, lib. iv.

[u]Heylin, p. 41.

[w]1 & 2 Phil. & Mar. c. 8.

[x]Heylin, p. 43. 1 & 2 Phil. & Mar. c. 8. Strype, vol. iii. p. 159.

[NOTE [T]]
The pope at first gave cardinal Pole powers to transact only with regard to the past fruits of the church lands; but being admonished of the danger attending any attempt towards a resumption of the lands, he enlarged the cardinal’s powers, and granted him authority to ensure the future possession of the church lands to the present proprietors. There was only one clause in the cardinal’s powers that has given occasion for some speculation. An exception was made of such cases as Pole should think important enough to merit the being communicated to the holy see. But Pole simply ratified the possession of all the church lands; and his commission had given him full powers to that purpose. See Harleyan Miscellany, vol. vii. p. 264, 266. It is true, some councils have declared, that it exceeds even the power of the pope to alienate any church lands; and the pope, according to his convenience, or power, may either adhere to or recede from this declaration. But every year gave solidity to the right of the proprietors of church lands, and diminished the authority of the popes; so that men’s dread of popery in subsequent times was more founded on party or religious zeal, than on very solid reasons.

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[z]1 & 2 Phil. & Mar. c. 6.

[a]Ibid. c. 3. 9.

[b]Ibid. c. 10.

[c]Godwin, p. 348. Baker, p. 322.

[d]Heylin, p. 39. Burnet, vol. ii. p. 287. Stowe, p. 626. Depeches de Noailles, vol. iv.

p. 1, 6, 147.

[e]Heylin, p. 40. Godwin, p. 349.

[f]Depeches de Noailles, vol. iv. p. 25.

[g]Burnet, vol. ii. p. 292. Godwin, p. 348.

[h]Heylin, p. 46.

[i]Coke’s Institutes, part iv. p. 17. Strype’s Memor. vol. i. p. 165.

[k]Vol. v. p. 296.

[l]Heylin, p. 47.

[m]Burnet, vol. ii. Heylin, p. 47. It is not likely, however, that Charles gave any such

advice: For he himself was at this very time proceeding with great violence in persecuting the reformed in Flanders. Bentivoglio, part i. lib. 1.

[n]Fox, vol. iii. p. 119. Burnet, vol. ii. p. 302.

[o]Fox, vol. iii. p. 145, &c. Burnet, vol. ii. p. 302. Heylin, p. 48, 49. Godwin, p. 349.

[p]Strype, vol. iii. p. 261. and Coll. No 58.

[q]Heylin, p. 47, 48.

[r]Fox, vol. iii. p. 187.

[s]Ibid. p. 216.

[t]Burnet, vol. ii. p. 318. Heylin. p. 52.

[u]Fox, vol. iii. p. 265.

[w]Ibid. p. 747. Heylin, p. 57. Burnet, vol. ii. p. 337.

[x]Burnet, vol. ii. p. 306.

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[y]Heylin, p. 56.

[z]Burnet, vol. ii. Coll. 32.

[a]Burnet, vol. iii. p. 243.

[b]Ibid. p. 246, 247.

[c]Burnet, vol. ii. p. 363. Heylin, p. 79.

[d]Father Paul, lib. 5.

[e]Heylin, p. 45.

[f]Ibid. Father Paul, lib. 5.

[g]Father Paul, lib. 5.

[h]Father Paul, lib. 5. Heylin, p. 45.

[i]Depeches de Noailles, vol. iv. p. 312.

[k]Heylin, p. 53, 65. Hollingshed, p. 1127. Speed, p. 826.

[l]Burnet, vol. ii. p. 322.

[m]2 and 3 Phil. and Mar. cap. 4.

[n]Depeches de Noailles, vol. v. p. 370, 562.

[o]Godwin, p. 359. Cowper’s Chronicle. Burnet, vol. ii. p. 359. Carte, p. 330, 333,

337, 341. Strype’s Memor. vol. iii. p. 428, 558. Annals, vol. ii. p. 15.

[p]Thuan. lib. xvi. c. 20.

[q]Father Paul, lib. v.

[r]Mem. of Cranm. p. 375.

[s]Heylin, p. 55. Mem. p. 383.

[t]Burnet, vol. ii. p. 331, 332, &c. Godwin, p. 352.

[u]Burnet, vol. ii. p. 324, 325.

[w]Heylin, p. 68, 69. Burnet, vol. ii. p. 327.

[x]Heylin, p. 72. Burnet, vol. ii. p. 351. Sir James Melvil’s Memoirs.

[y]Rossi, Successi d’Inghilterra.

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[z]Strype’s Eccles. Memorials, vol. iii. p. 377.

[a]Thuan. lib. xx. cap. 2.

[b]Buchanan, lib. xiv. Keith, p. 56. Spotswood, p. 92.

[c]Keith, p. 59.

[d]12th April, 1554.

[e]Knox, p. 89.

[f]Keith, p. 70. Buchanan, lib. xvi.

[g]Buchanan, lib. xvi. Thuan. lib. xix. c. 7.

[h]Knox, p. 93.

[i]Burnet, vol. ii. Collect. No. 37.

[k]The common net at that time, says Sir Richard Baker, for catching of protestants,

was the real presence; and this net was used to catch the lady Elizabeth: For being asked one time what she thought of the words of Christ,
This is my body,
whether she thought it the true body of Christ that was in the sacrament; it is said, that, after some pausing, she thus answered:

Christ was the word that spake it;

He took the bread and brake it;

And what the word did make it,

That I believe and take it.

Which, though it may seem but a slight expression, yet hath it more solidness than at first sight appears; at least, it served her turn at that time, to escape the net, which by direct answer she could not have done. Baker’s Chronicle, p. 320.

[l]Hollingshed, p. 1150.

[m]Burnet, vol. iii. p. 259.

[n]Rymer, vol. xv. p. 364.

[o]1 Mar. Parl. 2. cap. 7.

[p]Hollingshed, p. 732. Heylin, p. 71.

[q]4 & 5 Phil. & Mar. cap. 2.

[r]Nicolson’s Historical Library.

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[s]Eras. Epist. 432.

[NOTE [U]]
The passage of Hollingshed, in the Discourse prefixed to his History, and
which some ascribe to Harrison, is as follows. Speaking of the encrease of luxury:
Neither do I speak this in reproach of any man; God is my judge; but to shew, that I do rejoice rather to see how God has blessed us with his good gifts, and to behold how that in a time wherein all things are grown to most excessive prices, we do yet find the means to obtain and achieve such furniture as heretofore has been impossible: There are old men yet dwelling in the village where I remain, which have noted three things to be marvellously altered in England within their sound remembrance. One is the multitude of chimnies lately erected; whereas in their young days, there were not above two or three, if so many, in most uplandish towns of the realm (the religious houses and manor places of their lords always excepted, and peradventure some great personage); but each made his fire against a reredosse in the hall where he dined and dressed his meat. The second is the great amendment of lodging: For, said they, our fathers and we ourselves have lain full oft upon straw pallettes covered only with a sheet under coverlets made of dagswaine or hopharlots (I use their own terms), and a good round log under their head instead of a bolster. If it were so, that the father or the good-man of the house had a matrass or flockbed, and thereto a sack of chaff to rest his head upon, he thought himself to be as well lodged as the lord of the town: So well were they contented. Pillows, said they, were thought meet only for women in child bed: As for servants, if they had any sheet above them, it was well: For seldom had they any under their bodies to keep them from the pricking straws, that ran oft through the canvas, and razed their hardened hydes.–—The third thing they tell of is, the exchange of Treene platers (
so called, I suppose, from Tree or Wood
) into pewter, and wooden spoons into silver or tin. For so common were all sorts of treene vessels in old time, that a man should hardly find four pieces of pewter (of which one was peradventure a salt) in a good farmer’s house.
Description of Britain, chap.

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