Read Planet of the Bugs: Evolution and the Rise of Insects Online
Authors: Scott Richard Shaw
Planet of the Bugs: Evolution and the Rise of Insects (38 page)
Labandiera, Conrad C. “Paleobiology of Predators, Parasitoids, and Parasites: Accommodation and Death in the Fossil Record of Terrestrial Invertebrates.” in “The Fossil Record of Predation,” special issue edited by M. Kowalewski and P. H. Kelly, 211–50.
Paleontological Society Special Papers
8 (2002).
Labandiera, Conrad C., and T. L. Phillips. “A Carboniferous Petiole Gall: Insight into the Early Ecological History of the Holometabola.”
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences US A
93 (1996): 8470–77.
Marden, J. H., and M. G. Kramer. “Surface-Skiming Stoneflies: A Possible Intermediate Stage in Insect Flight Evolution.”
Science
266 (1994): 427–30.
McKittrick, F. A. “Evolutionary Study of Cockroaches.”
Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station Memoirs
389 (1964): 1–197.
Nagamitsu, T., and T. Inoue. “Cockroach Pollination and Breeding System of
Uvaria elmeri
(Annonaceae) in a Lowland Mixed-Dipterocarp Forest in Sarawak.”
American Journal of Botany
84 (1997): 208–13.
Nel, A., P. Rocques, P. Nel, J. Prokop, and J. S. Steyer. “The Earliest Holometabolous Insect from the Carboniferous: A “Crucial” Innovation with Delayed Success (Insecta: Protomeropina: Protomeropidae).”
Annales de la Société Entomologique de France
, n.s. 43 (2007): 349–55.
Niwa, N., A. Akimoto-Kato, T. Niimi, K. Tojo, R. Machida, and S. Hayashi. “Evolutionary Origin of the Insect Wing via Integration of Two Developmental Modules.”
Evolution and Development
12 (2010): 168–76.
Rasnitsyn, A. P., and D. L. J. Quicke.
History of Insects
. Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2002.
Shear, W. A., and J. Kukalová-Peck. “The Ecology of Paleozoic Terrestrial Arthropods: The Fossil Evidence.”
Canadian Journal of Zoology
68 (1990): 1807–34.
CHAPTER 6: PALEOZOIC HOLOCAUST
Chadwick, D. H., and Mark W. Moffett. “Planet of the Beetles.”
National Geographic
193 (1998): 100–18.
Dalziel, I. W. D. “Earth Before Pangea.”
Scientific American
272 (1995): 58–63.
Erwin, Douglas H.
Extinction: How Life on Earth Nearly Ended 250 Million Years Ago
. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2006.
.
The Great Paleozoic Crisis: Life and Death in the Permian
. New York: Columbia University Press, 1993.
. “The Mother of Mass Extinctions.”
Scientific American
273 (1996): 72–78.
. “The Permo-Triassic Extinction.”
Nature
367 (1994): 231–36.
Hynes, H. B. N. “The Ecology of Stream Insects.”
Annual Review of Entomology
15 (1970): 25–42.
Jin, Y. G., Y. Wang, W. Wang, Q. H. Shang, C. Q. Cao, and Douglas H. Erwin. “Pattern of Marine Mass Extinction Near the Permian-Triassic Boundary in South China.”
Science
289 (2000): 432–36.
Knoll, A. H., R. K. Bambach, D. E. Canfield, and J. P. Grotzinger. “Comparative Earth History and Late Permian Mass Extinction.”
Science
273 (1996): 452–57.
Labandeira, Conrad. “Insect Mouthparts: Ascertaining the Paleobiology of Insect Feeding Strategies.”
Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
28 (1997): 153–93.
Mackay, R. J., and Glenn B. Wiggins. “Ecological Diversity in Trichoptera.”
Annual Review of Entomology
24 (1979): 185–208.
Raup, David M.
Extinction: Bad Genes or Bad Luck?
New York: W. W. Norton, 1991.
Ward, P. D.
Gorgon: Paleontology, Obsession, and the Greatest Catastrophe in Earth’s History
. New York: Viking Press, 2004.
Wignall, P. B., and R. J. Twitchett. “Oceanic Anoxia and the End Permian Mass Extinction.”
Science
272 (1996): 1155–58.
CHAPTER 7: TRIASSIC SPRING
Bolton, Barry, and Ian Gauld.
The Hymenoptera
. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.
Jones, T. D., J. A. Ruben, L. D. Martin, E. N. Kurochkin, A. Feduccia, P. F. A. Maderson, W. J. Hillenius, N. R. Geist, and V. Alifanov. “Non-Avian Feathers in a Late Triassic Archosaur.”
Science
288 (2000): 2202–5.
Key, K. H. L. “Phasmatodea (Stick-Insects).” In
The Insects of Australia
, vol. 1, edited by Ian D. Naumann, 394–404. Carlton: Melbourne University Press, 1991.
Labandiera, Conrad C., and J. J. Sepkoski Jr. “Insect Diversity in the Fossil Record.”
Science
261 (1993): 310–15.
Ross, Edward S. “Embioptera, Embiidina (Embiids, Web-Spinners, Foot-Spinners).” In
The Insects of Australia
, vol. 1, edited by Ian D. Naumann, 405–9 Carlton: Melbourne University Press, 1991.
Sereno, P. C. “The Evolution of Dinosaurs.”
Science
284 (1999): 2137–47.
. “The Origin and Evolution of Dinosaurs.”
Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences
25 (1997): 435–89.
CHAPTER 8: PICNICKING IN JURASSIC PARK
Chiappe, L. “The First 85 Million Years of Avian Evolution.”
Nature
378 (1995): 349–55.
Dingus, L., and T. Rowe.
The Mistaken Extinction: Dinosaur Extinction and the Origin of Birds
. New York: W. H. Freeman, 1998.
Gauthier, J., and L. F. Gall, eds.
New Perspectives on the Origin and Evolution of Birds
. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2001.
Holland, William Jacob. “The Skull of
Diplodocus
.”
Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum
9 (1924): 379–403.
Ostrom, J. H. “Bird Flight: How Did It Begin?”
American Scientist
67 (1979): 46–56.
Padian, K., and L. M. Chiappe. “The Origin of Birds and Their Flight.”
Scientific American
278 (1998): 38–47.
Quicke, Donald L. J.
Parasitic Wasps
. London: Chapman and Hall, 1997.
Vilhelmsen, Lars, and Giuseppe Fabrizio Turrisi. “Per arboretum ad astra: morphological adaptations to exploiting the woody habitat in the early evolution of Hymenoptera,” Arthropod Structure and Development 40 (2011): 2–20.
CHAPTER 9: CRETACEOUS BLOOM AND DOOM
Bandi, C., M. Sironi, G. Damiani, L. Magrassi, C. A. Nalepa, U. Laudani, and L. Sacchi. “The Establishment of Intracellular Symbiosis in an Ancestor of
Cockroaches and Termites.”
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B
259 (1995): 293–99.
Desalle, R., J. Gatesy, W. Wheeler, and D. Grimaldi. “DNA Sequences from a Fossil Termite in Oligo-Miocene Amber and Their Phylogenetic Implications.”
Science
257 (1992): 1933–36.
Doyle, James A. “Molecular and Fossil Evidence on the Origin of Angiosperms.”
Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences
40 (2012): 301–26.
Grandcolas, P., and P. Deleporte. “The Origin of Protistan Symbionts in Termites and Cockroaches: A Phylogenetic Perspective.”
Cladistics
12 (1996): 93–98.
Grimaldi, David. “A Fossil Mantis (Insecta: Mantodea) in Cretaceous Amber of New Jersey, with Comments on the Early History of the Dictyoptera.”
American Museum Novitates
3024 (1997): 1–11.
Lo, N., G. Tokuda, H. Watanabe, H. Rose, M. Slaytor, K. Maekawa, C. Bandi, and H. Noda. “Evidence from Multiple Gene Sequences Indicates That Termites Evolved from Wood-Feeding Cockroaches.”
Current Biology
10 (2000): 801–4.
Raup, David M.
The Nemesis Affair: A Story of the Death of Dinosaurs and the Ways of Science
. New York: W. W. Norton, 1986.
Schmidt, Justin O. “Hymenoptera Venoms: Striving Toward the Ultimate Defense Against Vertebrates.” In
Insect Defenses: Adaptive Mechanisms and Strategies of Prey and Predators
, edited by David L. Evans and Justin O. Schmidt, 387–419. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1990.
Thorne, Barbara L. “A Case for Ancestral Transfer of Symbionts between Cockroaches and Termites.”
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B
241 (1990): 37–41.
. “Evolution of Eusociality in Termites.”
Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
28 (1997): 27–54.
Thorne, Barbara L., and James M. Carpenter. “Phylogeny of the Dictyoptera.”
Systematic Entomology
17 (1992): 253–68.
Thorne, Barbara L., David A. Grimaldi, and K. Krishna. “Early Fossil History of Termites.” In
Termites: Evolution, Sociality, Symbioses, Ecology
, edited by T. Abe, D. E. Bignell, and M. Higashi, 77–93. Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2000.
Thorne, Barbara L., and James F. A. Traniello. “Comparative Social Biology of Basal Taxa of Ants and Termites.”
Annual Review of Entomology
48 (2003): 283–306.
CHAPTER 10: CENOZOIC REFLECTIONS
Erwin, Terry L. “How Many Species Are There? Revisited.”
Conservation Biology
5 (1991): 330–33.
. “The Tropical Forest Canopy: The Heart of Biotic Diversity.” In
Biodiversity
, edited by Edward O. Wilson, 123–29. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1988.
. “Tropical Forests: Their Richness in Coleoptera and Other Arthropod Species.”
Coleopterist’s Bulletin
36 (1982): 74–75.
Hutchinson, E. E. “Homage to Santa Rosalia or Why Are There So Many Kinds of Animals?”
American Naturalist
93 (1959): 145–159.
Johanson, Donald C., and Maitland A. Edey.
Lucy: The Beginnings of Humankind
. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1981.
Labandeira, Conrad C. “The Fossil Record of Insect Extinction: New Approaches and Future Directions.”
American Entomologist
51 (2005): 14–29.
Lovejoy, C. O. “Reexamining Human Origins in Light of
Ardipithecus ramidus
.”
Science
326 (2009): 74–78.
Shaw, Scott R. “Essay on the Evolution of Adult-Parasitism in the Subfamily Euphorinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).”
Proceedings of the Russian Entomological Society, St. Petersburg
75 (2004): 1–15.
White, T. D., B. Asfaw, Y. Beyene, Y. Haile-Selassie, C. Lovejoy, G. Suwa, and G. WoldeGabriel. “
Ardipithecus ramidus
and the Paleobiology of Early Hominids.”
Science
326 (2009): 64–86.
POSTSCRIPT: THE BUGGY UNIVERSE HYPOTHESIS
Armitage, A. “The Cosmology of Giordano Bruno.”
Annals of Science
6 (1948): 24–31.
Gould, Stephen Jay. “The Evolution of Life on the Earth.”
Scientific American
271 (1994): 85–91.
Greene, Brian.
The Elegant Universe: Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory
. New York: Vintage Books, 1999.
Orgel, Leslie E. “The Origin of Life on the Earth.”
Scientific American
271 (1994): 77–83.
Rebek, Julius Jr. “Synthetic Self-Replicating Molecules.”
Scientific American
271 (1994): 48–55.
Sagan, Carl. “The Search for Extraterrestrial Life.”
Scientific American
271 (1994): 93–99.
Silk, Joseph.
A Short History of the Universe
. New York: Scientific American Library, 1997.
Taylor, G. Jeffrey. 1994. “The Scientific Legacy of Apollo.”
Scientific American
271 (1994): 40–47.
Taylor, S. R. “The Origin of the Moon.”
American Scientist
75 (1987): 469–77.
Yates, F.
Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition
. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1964.
Index
Page numbers in italics refer to figures. The abbreviation “pl.” refers to color plates
.
abdomen,
xi
,
11
,
60
,
76
,
80
,
85
,
pl. 8
Aculeata,
160
adaptations: to extreme environments,
3
; hypermetamorphic,
143–45
; novel,
113
adaptive radiation,
145
,
156
,
180–81
agriculture,
182
air dragons,
87
,
89–90
,
94
,
99
,
113
,
131
,
136
algae,
47–48
,
51
,
106
,
108
,
126
,
174–76
allergies,
167–8