Tiger Trap: America's Secret Spy War With China (41 page)

[>]
the supervisor "was overly dependent on Smith, reluctant to confront him, and inappropriately deferential to him":
Ibid.

[>]
a woman named "Katrina" was a double agent "working in the FBI":
OIG DOJ, p. 13.

[>]
"We really like your President," General Ji said, according to Chung:
David Johnston, "Committee Told of Beijing Cash for Democrats,"
New York Times,
May 12, 1999.

[>]
General Ji fared less well:
Erik Eckholm, "China Widening Crackdown on Corruption,"
New York Times,
December 23, 2000.

[>]
China's most popular cigarette, Hongtashan, marketed abroad as the Red Pagoda Mountain brand:
K. Connie Kang and David Rosenzweig, "Entrepreneur Formed Ties to China, Then Politicians,"
Los Angeles Times,
May 18, 1997, p. 1.

[>]
"If China needed a good agent":
Ibid.

[>]
several assets originally recruited by the bureau had been seized and interrogated in China:
OIG DOJ, p. 16.

[>]
an informant ... reported that Leung was working for a PRC spy service and had a source inside the FBI:
Ibid.

[>]
the same informant reported that Leung was "in bed with" the FBI's LA division:
Ibid.

12. ETHEREAL THRONE: THE SPY WHO NEVER WAS

[>]
Unknown to Jeff Wang and his wife, he had been under investigation by the FBI for more than a year:
Interviews with former FBI agents.

[>]
she was told to renew their friendship, to take advantage of it, and become close to Jeff:
Jack Keller interview, June 13, 2003.

[>]
she greatly impressed her boss:
Ibid.

[>]
Although the informant could not see what was inside the envelopes, he assumed that cash had been exchanged for secret documents:
Interviews with former FBI agents, and OIG DOJ, p. 15. The Justice Department review describes the informant's claims, without identifying Jeffrey Wang or Denise Woo.

[>]
an informant it had relied upon for years had concealed the fact that his wife was Jeff Wang's cousin:
Interviews with former FBI agents.

[>]
"She was a fantastic agent.... She was outstanding, extremely diligent and conscientious":
Marc S. Harris interview, March 12, 2009.

[>]
took the case pro bono:
Mark C. Holscher interview, March 30, 2009.

[>]
the bureau fired her:
OIG DOJ, p. 15.

[>]
In the indictment of Woo, Wang was not identified. He was referred to only as "J.W.":
United States v. Denise K. Woo, US District Court for the Central District of California, 04-CR-1141, December 2, 2004, p. 2; and David Rosenzweig and Greg Krikorian, "Ex-Agent Indicted in Spying Probe,"
Los Angeles Times,
December 11, 2004.

[>]
"discussed with and thereby disclosed to J.W. confidential information concerning the identity of an FBI confidential informant":
United States v. Denise K. Woo, "Binding Plea Agreement for Defendant Denise K. Woo," p. 3.

[>]
"This is a kind of bittersweet ending to a long and continuing tragic injustice":
Greg Krikorian, "Ex-FBI Agent Is Sentenced in Plea Agreement,"
Los Angeles Times,
October 31, 2006, Metro, p. 3.

[>]
"She was put in a horrible position of investigating a family friend":
Holscher interview, March 30, 2009.

[>]
J.J. had briefed Katrina Leung on the Jeff Wang investigation and consulted her on all details of the case:
OIG DOJ, p. 15. The Justice Department report refers to Jeff Wang only as "a Chinese American employee of a defense contractor."

[>]
accusing her of having told the MSS about his relationship with the FBI:
OIG DOJ, p. 16. The Justice Department report does not identify the informant.

[>]
He also claimed that Leung had told Beijing about the ... investigation:
Ibid.

[>]
he was dropped from the FBI payroll for lying:
Interviews with FBI officials and a former FBI counterintelligence agent.

[>]
"A truly innocent man and his family suffered some very damaging consequences":
Brian A. Sun interview, August 26, 2009.

13. STORM CLOUDS

[>]
In 2001 the Chinese uncovered twenty-seven satellite-operated listening devices that the National Security Agency and the FBI had planted in the Chinese version of Air Force One:
John Pomfret, "China Finds Bugs on Jet Equipped in U.S.,"
Washington Post,
January 19, 2002.

[>]
[Footnote] "My client flat-out did not talk about the plane with her":
James Risen and Eric Lichtblau, "Spy Suspect May Have Told Chinese of Bugs, U.S. Says,"
New York Times,
April 15, 2003.

[>]
Gallagher flew to Los Angeles to talk to Ron Iden:
Neil Gallagher interview, October 13, 2008.

[>]
the relationship between J.J. and Leung was "more than friendship":
OIG DOJ, p. 18.

[>]
he went ballistic:
Interview with former FBI agent, June 24, 2003.

[>]
The atmosphere was beyond tense:
OIG DOJ, p. 18. The report euphemistically notes that the FBI director "expressed concern about the pace and scope of the investigation."

[>]
"Who's in charge?" Mueller demanded:
Interview with former FBI agent, June 24, 2003.

[>]
she was in the bull's-eye and received the full fury of Mueller's wrath:
David Johnston, "F.B.I. Agent Ousted Over Her Handling of a Spying Inquiry,"
New York Times,
January 30, 2002.

14. THE COUNTERSPY

[>]
a yellow Post-it note that proved to be the smoking gun in the case:
David Wise,
Nightmover: How Aldrich Ames Sold the CIA to the KGB for $4.6 Million
(New York: HarperCollins, 1995), p. 237.

[>]
there was a "big problem" with their bankruptcy plan:
Affidavit of FBI special agent Sharon Gardner Lawrence for search warrant for Leungs' bookstore and home, December 9, 2002, p. 18.

[>]
"she could go to jail for filing a fraudulent bankruptcy petition":
Ibid., p. 19.

[>]
bulging with magazines, newspapers, videos, and books:
Ibid., p. 27.

[>]
"probably have, uh, faxed them":
Ibid., p. 15.

[>]
"she stated that 'if one forges a signature, that's a very serious crime'":
Ibid., p. 25.

[>]
Katrina Leung ... had contacted Ron Iden:
RT2, p. 14.

[>]
on November 5, 2002, the FBI videotaped J.J. Smith and
PARLOR MAID
in a Los Angeles hotel room:
RT, pp. 16–17.

[>]
"The electronic surveillance revealed Smith and LEUNG having sexual relations":
Ibid., p. 17.

[>]
"he had probably told LEUNG too much":
Ibid., p. 16.

[>]
Smith replied, "She's, she was there":
Ibid., p. 17.

[>]
Leung began describing classified documents she said she had secretly taken from J.J.'s briefcase and copied:
Ibid., pp. 14–15.

[>]
she had first become intimate with him in the early 1980s, "Very long ago, but I cannot tell you what year":
Ibid., p. 9.

[>]
the code name Luo Zhongshan had been assigned to her by none other than Zhu Qizhen, the Chinese ambassador to the United States:
RT2, p. 21.

[>]
"I think I sneaked it":
RT, p. 14.

[>]
J.J. "would leave his briefcase open":
Ibid.

[>]
she "admitted that she provided intelligence she gained in this manner to the MSS":
Ibid., p. 15.

[>]
PARLOR MAID
admitted that China had paid her $100,000 because Chinese president Yang Shangkun "liked her":
RT2, p. 22.

[>]
The document, dated June 12, 1997, was one of four discovered ... in a bookcase on the second floor:
RT, p. 13.

[>]
"to intercept the same intelligence":
Declassified FBI legat report, quoted in Bill Gertz, "China Sought System to Intercept U.S. Spy Data,"
Washington Times,
September 12, 2005.

[>]
The document said the MSS had offered a $1 million reward:
Ibid.

[>]
the agents also found three other documents:
RT, pp. 12–13.

[>]
At this initial interview, however, he did not reveal his own affair with Leung:
Ibid., p. 18.

[>]
Not until a second meeting ... did Cleveland confess to his own long-term sexual relationship with
PARLOR MAID
:
Ibid.

[>]
"The FBI must now re-assess all of its actions and intelligence analyses based on her reporting":
RT2, p. 24.

[>]
conducting a surveillance ... for a corporate client of the Emerald Group, a private security firm:
Thomas R. Parker interview, June 10, 2003.

15. ROYAL TOURIST

[>]
a miniature bug, a microphone that had been disguised to pick up conversations in the room:
Interviews with former FBI counterintelligence agents and statement of Jonathan S. Shapiro, assistant US attorney, Los Angeles, United States v. Peter Hoong-Yee Lee, US District Court, Central District of California, Western Division, 97-CR-118 TJH, March 26, 1998, p. 23: "The defendant's wife found the bug which somewhat compromised its value to law enforcement."

[>]
"at breakfast he tells a colleague that the strangest thing happened":
Paul Moore interview, August 19, 2008.

[>]
the Joint UK/US Radar Ocean Imaging Program ... to detect submarines moving underwater:
Arlen Specter, US Senate,
Report on the Investigation of Peter Lee,
prepared for the Senate Subcommittee on Department of Justice Oversight, December 20, 2001, p. 1,
http://www.fas.org/irp/congress/2001_rpt/peterlee.html
.

[>]
he said the technology could also be used to detect submarines moving below the surface:
The Peter Lee Case: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Administrative Oversight and the Courts of the Committee on the Judiciary,
U.S. Senate, 106th Congress (March 29, April 5, and April 12, 2000), pp. 51, 252.

[>]
he erased the graph and tore the photograph into small pieces:
Ibid., p. 252.

[>]
Cordova interviewed Lee, who insisted, as he had on his travel form for TRW, that he had paid his own expenses:
Ibid., p. 21.

[>]
Lee now admitted he had lied:
Specter,
Report on the Investigation of Peter Lee,
p. 5. The author reached Peter Lee by telephone at his home in California on March 23, 2009, and asked to interview him for this book. He twice said, "I'm not interested" and then hung up. Lee did not reply to a follow-up letter asking him to reconsider.

[>]
Lee submitted the phony receipts to the FBI:
Specter,
Report on the Investigation of Peter Lee.

[>]
ICF, the use of lasers to attempt to trigger what amounted to miniature, tabletop thermonuclear explosions:
Final Report, unclassified version, of the Select Committee on US National Security and Military/Commercial Concerns with the People's Republic of China, H.R. Rep. 105–851 (Cox Report) (1999), p. 89.

[>]
Lee met with Chen Nengkuan.... Chen told Lee he did not need to speak, he could just nod yes or no:
Specter,
Report on the Investigation of Peter Lee,
p. 4.

[>]
For two hours, Lee answered questions and drew several diagrams, including sketches of hohlraums:
Ibid.

[>]
"what I thought was a dead-bang case":
Jonathan S. Shapiro testimony,
Peter Lee Case: Hearings,
p. 71.

[>]
"I strongly advocated for ... pursuing Mr. Lee on charges of espionage":
Ibid., p. 70.

[>]
With a narrow exception ... the statutes do not penalize disclosure of classified documents as such but of information "relating to the national defense":
See David Wise,
The Politics of Lying
(New York: Random House, 1973), chap. 4 and pp. 65–66.

[>]
in 2008 the government classified 23,421,098 documents:
Information Security Oversight Office,
Report to the President
for Fiscal Year 2008,
p. 7.

[>]
the Pentagon classified the fact that it was sending monkeys into space:
Wise,
Politics of Lying,
pp. 67–68.

[>]
he could claim he was only trying to help persuade China not to conduct tests of nuclear weapons in the air:
Michael Liebman testimony,
The Peter Lee Case: Hearings,
pp. 125–26.

[>]
the article discussed Livermore's role in the joint US/UK program:
"Radar Ocean Imaging," Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory website,
http://www.llnl.gov, March 29, 1995; Ibid., p. 128
.

[>]
"important progress in the development of methods to detect submarine signatures with remote sensing radars":
Richard E. Twogood testimony to the Research and Technology Subcommittee, House Armed Services Committee, April 1994,
Peter Lee Case: Hearings,
p. 130.