The Vatican Exposed: Money, Murder, and the Mafia (36 page)

Detailed regulations for the organization of pastoral work by chaplains will be supplied by an Apostolic Brief. Regulations for official
aspects of the same work will be drawn up by the Reich Government.

Article 28. In hospitals, prisons, and similar public institutions
the Church is to retain the right of visitation and of holding divine
service, subject to the rules of the said institutions. If regular pastoral
care is provided for such institutions, and if pastors be appointed as
State or other public officials, such appointments will be made by
agreement with the ecclesiastical authorities.

Article 29. Catholic members of a non-German minority living
within the Reich, in matters concerning the use of their mother
tongue in church services [sermons], religious instruction, and the
conduct of church societies, will be accorded no less favorable treatment than that which is actually and in accordance with law permitted to individuals of German origin and speech living within the
boundaries of the corresponding foreign States.

Article 30. On Sundays and Holy days, special prayers, conforming to the Liturgy, will be offered during the principal Mass for
the welfare of the German Reich and its people in all episcopal,
parish, and conventual churches and chapels of the German Reich.

Article 31. Those Catholic organizations and societies which
pursue exclusively charitable, cultural, or religious ends, and, as such,
are placed under the ecclesiastical authorities, will be protected in
their institutions and activities.

Those Catholic organizations which to their religious, cultural,
and charitable pursuits add others, such as social or professional interests, even though they may be brought into national organizations,
are to enjoy the protection of Article 31, Section I, provided they
guarantee to develop their activities outside all political parties.

It is reserved to the central Government and the German episcopate, in joint agreement, to determine which organizations and associations come within the scope of this Article.

Insofar as the Reich and its constituent States take charge of sport
and other youth organizations, care will be taken that it shall be possible for the members of the same regularly to practice their religious
duties on Sundays and feast days, and that they shall not be required
to do anything not in harmony with their religious and moral convictions and obligations.

Article 32. In view of the special situation existing in Germany,
and in view of the guarantee provided through this Concordat of legislation directed to safeguard the rights and privileges of the Roman
Catholic Church in the Reich and its component States, the Holy See
will prescribe regulations for the exclusion of clergy and members of
religious Orders from membership of political parties, and from
engaging in work on their behalf.

Article 33. All matters relating to clerical persons or ecclesiastical
affairs, which have not been treated of in the foregoing articles, will
be regulated for the ecclesiastical sphere according to current Canon
Law.

Should differences of opinion arise regarding the interpretation
or execution of any of the articles of this Concordat, the Holy See
and the German Reich will reach a friendly solution by mutual agreement.

Article 34. This Concordat, whose German and Italian texts
shall have equal binding force, shall be ratified, and the certificates of
ratification shall be exchanged, as soon as possible. It will be in force
from the day of such exchange.

In witness hereof, the plenipotentiaries have signed this Concordat. Signed in two original exemplars, in the Vatican City, July
20th, 1933.

[Signed] Eugenio, Cardinal Pacelli.

[Signed] Franz von Papen.

The Supplementary Protocol. At the signing of the Concordat
concluded today between the Holy See and the German Reich, the
undersigned, being regularly thereto empowered, have adjoined the
following explanations which form an integral part of the Concordat
itself.

In re: Article 3. The Apostolic Nuncio to the German Reich, in
accordance with the exchange of notes between the Apostolic Nunciature in Berlin and the Reich Foreign Office on the 11th and the
27th of March respectively, shall be the Doyen of the Diplomatic
Corps thereto accredited.

Article 13. It is understood that the Church retains the right to
levy Church taxes.

Article 14, Par. 2. It is understood that when objections of a general political nature exist, they shall be presented within the shortest
possible time. If after twenty days such representations have not been
made, the Holy See may be justified in assuming that no objections
exist to the candidate in question. The names of the persons concerned will be kept confidential until the announcement of the
appointment. No right of the State to assert a veto is to be derived
from this article.

Article 17. Insofar as public buildings or properties are devoted
to ecclesiastical purposes, these are to be retained as before, subject
to existing agreements.

Article 19, Par 2. This clause is based, at the time of signature of
this Concordat, especially on the Apostolic Constitution, "Deus Scientiarum Dominus" of May 24th, 1931, and the Instruction of July
7th, 1932.

Article 20. Hostels which are administered by the Church in connection with certain Universities and secondary schools, will be recognized, from the point of view of taxation, as essentially ecclesiastical institutions in the proper sense of the word, and as integral parts
of diocesan organization.

Article 24. Insofar as private institutions are able to meet the
requirements of the new educational code with regard to the training
of teachers, all existing establishments of religious Orders and Congregations will be given due consideration in the accordance or
recognition.

Article 26. A severe moral emergency is taken to exist when there
are insuperable or disproportionately difficult and costly obstacles
impeding the procuring of documents necessary for the marriage at
the proper time.

Article 27, Par. 1. Catholic officers, officials, and personnel, their
families included, do not belong to local parishes, and are not to contribute to their maintenance. Par 4. The publication of the Apostolic
Brief will take place after consultation with the Reich Government.

Article 28. In cases of urgency entry of the clergy is guaranteed
at all times.

Article 29. Since the Reich Government has seen its way to come
to an agreement regarding non-German minorities, the Holy See
declares-in accordance with the principles it has constantly maintained regarding the right to employ the vernacular in Church services [sermons], religious instruction, and the conduct of Church societies-that it will bear in mind similar clauses protective of German
minorities when establishing Concordats with other countries.

Article 31, Par. 4. The principles laid down in Article 31, Sect. 4
hold good also for the Labor Service.

Article 32. It is understood that similar provisions regarding
activity in Party politics will be introduced by the Reich Government
for members of non-Catholic denominations. The conduct, which
has been made obligatory for the clergy and members of religious
Orders in Germany in virtue of Article 32, does not involve any sort
of limitation of official and prescribed preaching and interpretation of
the dogmatic and moral teachings and principles of the Church.

[Signed] Eugenio, Cardinal Pacelli

[Signed] Franz von Papen

At the Vatican City, July 20th, 1933.

CHAPTER I

1. Reflections of John Cardinal O'Connor (then bishop of Scranton)
in conversation with the author, 1983.

2. Description of Pope Pius XI in John Cornwell's Hitler's Pope: The
Secret History of Pope Pius XII (New York: Viking, 1999), p. 98.

3. Ibid.

4. Ibid.; see also Richard P. McBrien, Lives of the Popes (San Francisco:
Harper, 1997), p. 39.

5. Cornwell, Hitler's Pope, p. 360.

6. Malachi Martin, Rich Church, Poor Church (New York: G. P.
Putnam's Sons, 1984), p. 23.

7. Will Durant, The Age of Faith, vol. 3 of The Story of Civilization
(New York: Simon and Schuster, 1950), p. 762.

8. Paul L. Williams, Everything You Always Wanted to Know about the
Catholic Church But Were Afraid to Ask for Fear of Excommunication (New
York: Doubleday, 1990), p. 39.

9. Martin, Rich Church, Poor Church, p. 114.

10. Ibid., p 115.

11. Pope Pius IX, quoted in McBrien, Lives of the Popes, p. 345.

12. Ibid.

13. "Syllabus of Errors," quoted in Thomas Bokenkotter, A Concise History of the Catholic Church (Garden City, N.Y.: Image Books, 1979), p. 324.

14. Pastor Aeternus, quoted in McBrien, Lives of the Popes, p. 346.

15. Dogma of Papal Infallibility as stated by the First Vatican Council,
quoted in ibid.

16. Ibid.

17. Martin, Rich Church, Poor Church, p. 22.

18. Sacrorum Antistitum, quoted in McBrien, Lives of the Popes, p. 354.

19. Ibid.

20. Cornwell, Hitler's Pope, p. 59; see also McBrien, Lives of the Popes,
p. 354.

21. McBrien, Lives of the Popes, p. 357.

22. Cornwell, Hitler's Pope, p. 112.

23. Martin, Rich Church, Poor Church, p. 23.

24. Ibid.

25. Benito Mussolini, quoted in Paul Johnson, Modern Times: The World
from the Twenties to the Nineties (New York: HarperPerennial, 1992), p. 99.
26. Ibid., p. 98.

27. Ibid., p. 96.

28. Benito Mussolini, quoted in John Cooney, The American Pope: The
Life and Death of Francis Cardinal Spellman (New York: Times Books,
1984), p. 44.

29. Bokenkotter, Concise History, p. 401.

30. Mussolini, quoted in Cooney, American Pope, p. 44.

31. Mussolini, quoted in Johnson, Modern Times, p. 101.

32. Cooney, American Pope, p. 44.

33. Mussolini, quoted in Martin, Rich Church, Poor Church, p. 27.

34. Ibid.; see also Cooney, American Pope, p. 43.

35. Martin, Rich Church, Poor Church, p. 28.

36. Ibid.

37. Ibid.

38. Johnson, Modern Times, p. 96.

39. O'Connor, conversation with author.

40. Arnaldo Cortesi, "Pope Becomes Ruler of a State Again," New
York Times, February 12, 1929, p. 1.

41. Martin, Rich Church, Poor Church, p. 29.

42. Hitler, quoted in Cornwell, Hitler's Pope, p. 115.

43. Martin, Rich Church, Poor Church, p. 31.

CHAPTER 2

1. Ron Chernow, The House of Morgan (New York: Simon and
Schuster, 1990), p. 285

2. Cardinal Spellman, quoted in David Yallop, In God's Name: An
Investigation into the Murder of John Paul I (New York: Bantam Books,
1984), p. 98.

3. Malachi Martin, Rich Church, Poor Church (New York: G. P.
Putnam's Sons, 1984), p. 25.

4. Yallop, In God's Name, p. 94.

5. John Cooney, The American Pope: The Life and Times of Francis
Cardinal Spellman (New York: Times Books, 1984), p. 46.

6. Martin, Rich Church, Poor Church, p. 40.

7. Ibid.

8. Ibid., p. 39.

9. Ibid.

10. Yallop, In God's Name, p. 95.

11. Martin, Rich Church, Poor Church, p. 41.

12. Ibid.

CHAPTER 3

1. John Cornwell, Hitler's Pope: The Secret History of Pius XII (New
York: Viking, 1999), pp. 108-109.

2. Der Gerade Weg 37 (September 11, 1931): 1.

3. Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf (New York: Houghton Mullin, 1999), p. 49.

4. Cornwell, Hitler's Pope, p. 142.

5. Ibid., p. 139.

6. Guenter Lewy, The Catholic Church and Nazi Germany (New York:
Da Capo Press, 2000), p. 68.

7. Cornwell, Hitler's Pope, p. 138.

8. Ibid., p. 139.

9. David Yallop, In God's Name: An Investigation into the Murder of
John Paul I (New York: Bantam Books, 1984), p. 96.

10. Avro Manhattan, Catholic Imperialism and World Freedom
(London: Watts and Company, 1952), p. 252.

11. Ibid.

12. Lewy, Catholic Church, p. 78.

13. Ibid.

14. Manhattan, Catholic Imperialism, p. 252.

15. "Horst Wessel," lyrics [online], http://www.horstwesselsong.com.

16. Cornwell, Hitler's Pope, p. 181.

17. "The Reich List of Unwanted Persons" [online], http://thehisto ryplace.com/ worldwar2/holocaust.

18. Cornwell, Hitler's Pope, p. 181.

19. Ibid., p. 184.

20. Ibid., p. 189.

21. Jim Castelli, "The Lost Encyclical," National Catholic Reporter,
December 15, 1972, pp. 14-20.

22. George Passelecq and Bernard Suchecky, The Hidden Encyclical of
Pius XI (New York: Harcourt Brace, 1977), pp. 1-23.

23. Ibid.

24. Avro Manhattan, Murder in the Vatican (Springfield, Mo: Ozark
Books, 1985), p. 84. In preparation of a previous book for Doubleday, I was
privileged to scrutinize many of the letters and journals of Cardinal Eugene
Tisserant. Many of these letters and journals are now located in the Special
Collections of the Randall Library at the University of North Carolina in
Wilmington, North Carolina. Tisserant's words serve to uphold the veracity
of the account by BBC commentator Manhattan.