Read The Accidental Empire: Israel and the Birth of the Settlements, 1967-1977 Online
Authors: Gershom Gorenberg
Tags: #History, #Politics, #bought-and-paid-for, #Non-Fiction
The Accidental Empire: Israel and the Birth of the Settlements, 1967-1977
For Myra
Our only trouble is that we haven’t land enough. If I had plenty of land, I shouldn’t fear the Devil himself!
—Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy,
“How Much Land Does a Man Need?”
Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world…Surely some revelation is at hand
—William Butler Yeats, “The Second Coming”
Israeli Politicians and Officials (Party Affiliation in Parentheses)
Y
EHIEL
A
DMONI
, number-two official in the Jewish Agency’s Settlement Department
Y
IGAL
A
LLON
, former general, labor minister, education minister, foreign minister (Ahdut Ha’avodah)
M
ENACHEM
B
EGIN
, leader of the political right, prime minister 1977–1983 (Herut/Gahal/Likud)
M
OSHE
D
AYAN
, former general, defense minister (Rafi)
S
IMCHA
D
INITZ
, ambassador to the United States (Mapai)
A
BBA
E
BAN
, foreign minister (Mapai)
L
EVI
E
SHKOL
, prime minister 1963–1969 (Mapai)
Y
ISRAEL
G
ALILI
, minister without portfolio, in charge of settlements (Ahdut Ha’avodah)
S
HLOMO
G
OREN
, chief rabbi of the Israel Defense Forces, chief rabbi of Israel
H
AIM
G
VATI
, agriculture minister (Mapai)
Z
EVULUN
H
AMMER
, leader of the Young Guard (National Religious Party)
G
OLDA
M
EIR
, Labor Party secretary-general, prime minister 1969–1974 (Mapai)
T
HEODOR
M
ERON
, legal counsel to the Foreign Ministry
M
OSHE
N
ETZER
, Defense Ministry official, head of Nahal under Dayan, adviser on settlement under Peres (Rafi)
S
HIMON
P
ERES
, Dayan loyalist, Knesset member, defense minister (Rafi)
Y
AAKOV
P
ERRY
, Shin Bet agent in Nablus
Y
ITZHAK
R
ABIN
, army chief of staff, ambassador to the United States, prime minister 1974–1977 (Labor)
P
INHAS
S
APIR
, finance minister (Mapai)
M
EIR
S
HAMIR
, head of the Galilee office of the Jewish Agency’s Settlement Department
H
AIM
M
OSHE
S
HAPIRA
, interior minister (National Religious Party)
Y
AAKOV
S
HIMSHON
S
HAPIRA
, justice minister (Mapai)
Z
ORACH
W
ARHAFTIG
, religious affairs minister (National Religious Party)
R
A’ANAN
W
EITZ
, head of the Jewish Agency’s Settlement Department (Mapai)
Note: The Labor Party was formed in 1968 as a union of the Mapai, Rafi, and Ahdut Ha’avodah parties. It contested the elections of 1969, 1974, and 1977 in the Alignment with the left-wing Mapam Party.
The United Kibbutz Movement and the Merom Golan Settlement
C
ARMEL
B
AR
, army veteran, settler
R
AFAEL
B
EN
-Y
EHUDAH
, organizer
Y
EHUDAH
H
AREL
, organizer, settler
K
OBI
R
ABINOVICH
, army tank veteran, settler
E
YTAN
S
AT
, organizer
Y
ITZHAK
T
ABENKIN
, socialist theoretician and ideological leader of the movement
The Religious Settler Movement
Y
OEL
B
IN
-N
UN
, student at Merkaz Harav, Gush Emunim ideologue
Y
EHUDAH
E
TZION
, student at Har Etzion yeshivah, founder of Ofrah settlement
M
ENACHEM
F
ELIX
, settler in Hebron and Kiryat Arba, organizer of Sebastia settlement bids
B
ENNY
K
ATZOVER
, settler at Hebron and Kiryat Arba, organizer of Sebastia settlement bids
T
ZVI
Y
EHUDAH
K
OOK
, rabbi, spiritual leader and head of the Merkaz Harav yeshivah
M
OSHE
L
EVINGER
, rabbi, founder of the Hebron settlement and Kiryat Arba, a leader of Gush Emunim
M
OSHE
M
OSKOVIC
, activist in reestablishment of Etzion Bloc settlements
H
ANAN
P
ORAT
, student at Merkaz Harav, settler at Kfar Etzion, a leader of Gush Emunim
E
LIEZER
W
ALDMAN
, rabbi, settler in Hebron and Kiryat Arba, Gush Emunim activist
Israel Defense Forces
D
AVID
E
LAZAR
, head of Northern Command in 1967, chief of staff in Yom Kippur War
S
HLOMO
G
AZIT
, Dayan’s coordinator of Israeli government activities in the occupied territories
M
ORDECHAI
G
UR
, head of paratroopers in 1967, chief of staff following Yom Kippur War
M
ORDECHAI
H
OD
, commander of Israel Air Force in 1967
U
ZI
N
ARKISS
, head of Central Command in 1967
A
RIEL
S
HARON
, head of Southern Command, later a Knesset member and adviser to Prime Minister Rabin
Israeli Writers
N
ATHAN
A
LTERMAN
, poet, founder of the Movement for the Whole Land of Israel
H
AIM
G
OURI
, poet and journalist, veteran of the Palmah pre-state militia
Y
ISRAEL
H
AREL
, Orthodox journalist, activist in the Movement for the Whole Land of Israel
C
HAIM
S
ABBATO
, memoirist of the Yom Kippur War
M
OSHE
S
HAMIR
, novelist, former leftist turned supporter of the Whole Land of Israel
N
AOMI
S
HEMER
, popular songwriter, creator of “Jerusalem of Gold,” Whole Land advocate
Settlement Opponents and Critics
L
ATIF
D
ORI
, Mapam party activist
A
RIE
E
LIAV
, Labor Party secretary-general
O
DED
L
IFSHITZ
, member of Kibbutz Nir Oz, organizer of Mapam kibbutzim against expulsion of Sinai Bedouin
A
MOS
O
Z
, novelist, kibbutz member
Y
OSSI
S
ARID
, protégé of Pinchas Sapir, Knesset member
Arab Political and Cultural Figures
S
ULEIMAN
H
USSEIN
U
DAH
A
BU
H
ILU
, sheikh of a Bedouin tribe in northeastern Sinai
Y
ASSER
A
RAFAT
, leader of Fatah and the Palestine Liberation Organization
H
AFIZ AL
-A
SAD
, president of Syria
H
USSEIN IBN
T
ALAL
, king of Jordan
M
UHAMMAD
A
LI AL
-J
ABARI
, mayor of Hebron
G
AMAL
A
BDEL
N
ASSER
, president of Egypt
Z
AID AL
-R
IFAI
, adviser to King Hussein, prime minister of Jordan
A
NWAR AL
-S
ADAT
, president of Egypt, succeeding Nasser
A
ZIZ
S
HEHADEH
, Ramallah lawyer, formerly from Jaffa, advocate for a Palestinian state alongside Israel
R
AJA
S
HEHADEH
, son of Aziz Shehadeh; memoirist
F
ADWA
T
UQAN
, Palestinian poet
United States Officials
M
CGEORGE
B
UNDY
, former national security adviser, special coordinator for Mideast policy (Johnson administration)
G
ERALD
R. F
ORD
, president of the United States 1974–1977
L
YNDON
B. J
OHNSON
, president of the United States 1963–1969
H
ENRY
K
ISSINGER
, national security adviser, secretary of state (Nixon and Ford administrations)
R
ICHARD
M. N
IXON
, president of the United States 1969–1974
W
ILLIAM
R
OGERS
, secretary of state (Nixon administration)
W
ALT
W. R
OSTOW
, national security adviser (Johnson administration)
D
EAN
R
USK
, secretary of state (Johnson administration)
H
AROLD
S
AUNDERS
, National Security Council and State Department expert on the Middle East (Johnson, Nixon, and Ford administrations)
J
OSEPH
S
ISCO
, assistant secretary of state (Johnson, Nixon, and Ford administrations)
