Silenced: How Apostasy and Blasphemy Codes Are Choking Freedom Worldwide (92 page)

86
. “Two Die in Pakistan Cartoon Clash”; Paivi Munter, Annukka Oksanen, and Roula Khalaf, “Nordic States Fear Spread of Mid East Attacks,”
Financial Times
, February 5, 2006.

87
. Shiri, “Saudi Cleric Demands Trial over Drawings.”

88
. “Asia’s Moderate Muslims,”
Wall Street Journal
, February 8, 2006,
http://www.atimes.com/se-asia/CI28Ae01.html
.

89
. “Islam-West Divide ‘Grows Deeper.’ ”

90
. “Dubai Sacks U.S. Prof; Kuwait Echoes ‘Calm’; Four Killed,”
Arab Times
(Kuwait), February 8, 2006.

91
. Qassim Abdel-Zahra, “Muslims again Protest Muhammad Caricatures”; MacAskill, Laville, and Harding, “Cartoon Controversy Spreads Throughout Muslim World”; Sebastian Usher, “Saudi Ppaper ‘Shut’ in Cartoon Row,”
BBC News
, February 20, 2006,
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/4734500.stm
; Michael Slackman and Hassan M. Fattah, “Furor over Cartoons Pits Muslim Against Muslim,”
New York Times
, February 22, 2006,
http://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/22/international/middleeast/22cartoons.html
; “Syria: Journalist Charged after Advocating Dialogue,” UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs,
Integrated Regional Information Networks
, February 12, 2006,
http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=26127
.

92
. “Declaration of Fatwa by World islamic [sic] Scholars about Danish Cartoons,” February 20, 2006,
http://www.theamericanmuslim.org/tam.php/features/articles/declaration_of_fatwa_by_world_islamic_scholars_about_danish_cartoons
; Klausen,
Cartoons
(n. 7 above), 105.

93
. Eli Lake, “A Surprise in a Supermarket in Cairo,”
New York Sun
, February 13, 2006.

94
. Shiri, “Saudi Cleric Demands Trial over Drawings.”

95
. European Commission Against Racism and Intolerance, CRI (2006) 18,
Third report on Denmark
, adopted December 16, 2005, released May 16, 2006,
http://hudoc.ecri.coe.int/XMLEcri/ENGLISH/Cycle_03/03_CbC_eng/DNK-CbC-III-2006-18-ENG.pdf
; “EU Media Code Set to Follow Muslim Cartoons Row,”
TheParliament.com
,
http://www.eupolitix.com/latestnews/news-article/newsarticle/eu-media-code-set-to-follow-muslim-cartoons-row/
; “EU Commissioner Lashes out at Mohammed Drawings,”
Copenhagen Post
, December 23, 2005.

96
. “Usama bin Laden Criticizes Europe for Anti-Islamic Cartoons, Vows Reaction,”
AP
, March 19, 2008; Yassin Musharbash, “Online Magazine Hints at Attacks on Papers That Ran Muhammad Caricatures,”
Der Spiegel
, May 5, 2006; “Al-Qaeda Video Calls for Attacks over Mohammed Videos [sic],”
AFP
, May 11, 2006.

97
. “Will Kill Mohammed Caricaturists,”
Aftenposten
, May 4, 2006.

98
. “Mohammed Cartoons ‘Sparked Bomb Plot,’ ”
The Australian
, September 2, 2006.

99
. “Cartoons Possible Terror Motive,”
Copenhagen Post
, May 10, 2007; “Three Jailed for Planned Copenhagen Astacks,”
France 24
, November 23, 2007,
http://www.france24.com/france-24Public/en/archives/news/europe/20071123-Denmark-bomb-attack-imprisoned-Muslims-Iraqi-Kurd.php
.

100
. “A Suspect in the Vollsmose terror Case Said the Cu [sic],”
Copenhagen Post
, October 4, 2007,
http://www.cphpost.dk/news/1/4096.html
.

101
. “Islamic Extremists Threaten Denmark with Poison,”
Copenhagen Post
, September 15, 2008.

102
. Moumine Ngarmbassa, “Chad Halts ‘Holy War’ by Muslim Leader, 70 Killed,”
Reuters
, July 2, 2008.

103
. “Danish Cartoons ‘Plotters’ Held,”
BBC News
, February 12, 2008.

104
. “Tunisians Had Planned to Strangle prophet Cartoonist—Report,”
Dow Jones Newswires
, June 19, 2009.

105
. “Danish court rules on Tunisians held over murder plot,”
Deutsche Presse-Agentur (DPA
), November 19, 2008.

106
. “Danish Caricaturist of Muhammad Fame Now Homeless,”
Der Spiegel
, February 20, 2008.

107
. “Danish Muhammad cartoon reprinted,”
BBC News
, February 13, 2008.

108
. “European Newspapers Reprint Prophet Mohammed Cartoon,”
CNN
, February 13, 2008; Jakob Illeborg, “A Turn for the Worse,”
The Guardian
, February 20, 2008,
http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/feb/20/aturnfortheworse
, notes that the mood in Europe seems to have changed between the initial controversy and February 2008.

109
. Michael Kimmelman, “Outrage at Cartoons Still Tests the Danes,”
New York Times
, March 20, 2008; “Danish Muhammad Cartoon Reprinted,”
BBC News
, February 13, 2008.

110
. Flemming Rose, “Free Speech and Radical Islam,”
Wall Street Journal
, February 15, 2008.

111
. “Denmark Evacuates Embassies in Algeria, Afghanistan,”
AP
, April 23, 2008.

112
. “Danish Appeals Court Rejects Lawsuit Against Newspaper That Published Prophet Cartoons,”
International Herald Tribune
, June 19, 2008; Souad Mekhennet and Alan Cowell, “Qaeda Group Says It Bombed Embassy,”
New York Times
, June 6, 2008,
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/06/world/asia/06pstan.html?ex=1370404800&en=036b0551a6ac7b3f&ei=5124&partner=permalink&exprod=permalink
.

113
. “Al Qaeda Repeats Threat to Danes,”
New York Times
, September 6, 2008. Investigators also later found that preparations for the attack were “similar to previous attacks by Taliban linked to Al-Qaeda”; see “Pakistani Taliban Targeted Danes after Cartoons: Officials,”
AFP
, June 3, 2008.

114
. “2 Chicago Men Charged in Terror Plot over Muhammad Cartoons,”
Fox News
, October 27, 2009,
http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,569780,00.html
; James Bone, “‘Mickey Mouse’ Project Plotted to Kill Muhammad Cartoonist,”
Times Online
, October 28, 2009,
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/article6892968.ece
.

115
. Matthew Campbell, “Panic Room Saved Artist Kurt Westergaard from Islamist Assassin,”
Times
(U.K.), January 3, 2010,
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article6973966.ece
; “Somali Charged over Attack on Danish Cartoonist,”
BBC News
, January 2, 2010,
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8437652.stm
.

116
. Klausen,
Cartoons That Shook the World
, 107.

117
. Ibid., 4.

118
. Oleg Grabar, “Seeing Is Believing. The Image of the Prophet in Islam: The Real Story,”
The New Republic
, November 4, 2009. Grabar previously had two books published by Yale University Press with such images.

119
. Pope Benedict XVI, “Faith, Reason and the University: Memories and Reflections,” Lecture of the Holy Father at the University of Regensburg, September 12, 2006,
http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/speeches/2006/september/documents/hf_ben-xvi_spe_20060912_university-regensburg_en.html
. The version currently posted reads “a startling brusqueness, a brusqueness that we find unacceptable,” but this passage was not in the original lecture and was added in October 2006. The lecture is discussed in James V. Schall, ed.,
The Regensburg Lecture
(South Bend: St. Augustine’s Press, 2007).

120
. “Pope Criticized over Islam Remarks,”
Al Jazeera
, September 15, 2006,
http://english.aljazeera.net/archive/2006/09/200849154441682442.html
.

121
. Benjamin Harvey, “Muslim Anger over Papal Comments Ggrows,”
AP
, September 15, 2006; “Report: Rome Tightens Pope’s Security after Furor over Islam Remarks,”
Ha’aretz
, September 17, 2006; Suzan Fraser, “Turkish Lawmaker compares Pope to Hitler,”
AP
, September 16, 2006.

122
. “Pope Upset That Muslims Offended,”
CNN
, September 16, 2006.

123
. “Fresh Criticism of Pope’s Remarks,”
BBC News
, September 16, 2006.

124
. Joelle Bassoul, “Fears of Violent Mideast Backlash to Pope,”
AFP
, September 15, 2006; “Pope Upset That Muslims Offended”; Harvey, “Muslim Anger over Papal Comments Grows”; Stephen Brown, “Pope to Give Blessing as Pressure for Apology Grows,” Reuters, September 16, 2006; Stephen Brown, “Pope Apology Fails to Stop Backlash,”
Herald Sun
(Australia), September 17, 2006; “Rome Tightens Pope’s Security after Furor over Islam Remarks”; Fraser, “Turkish Lawmaker Compares Pope to Hitler.”

125
. “Israeli-US Plot Behind Pope’s Remarks: Iran Hardline Press,”
AFP
, September 17, 2006; “Cardinal Adds to Islam-violence Debate,” Reuters, September 19, 2006.

126
. Ian Fisher, “Some Muslim Leaders Want Pope to Apologize,”
New York Times
, September 16, 2006. Rana Jawad, “Pakistan Parliament Demands Pope Retract Islam Comments,”
AFP
, September 15, 2006; “Pakistan’s Parliament Adopts Resolution Condemning Pope’s Remarks about Islam,”
AP
, September 15, 2006.

127
. Stephen Brown, “Pope to Give Blessing as Pressure for Apology Grows.”

128
. “Pope’s Speech Stirs Muslim Anger,”
BBC News
, September 14, 2006.

129
. “Pope Criticized over Islam Remarks.”

130
. Fraser, “Turkish Lawmaker Compares Pope to Hitler”; Fisher, “Some Muslim Leaders Want Pope to Apologize.”

131
. Harvey, “Muslim Anger over Papal Comments Grows”; Anthony Shadid, “Remarks by Pope Prompt Muslim Outrage, Protests,”
Washington Post
, September 16, 2006; Bassoul, “Fears of Violent Mideast Backlash to Pope.”

132
. “Palestinians Open Fire Inside Nablus Church,”
AFP
, September 16, 2006; Ali Daraghmeh, “Five Palestinian Area Churches Attacked,”
AP
, September 16, 2006; “West Bank Churches Attacked after Pope Remarks,”
New York Times
, September 16, 2006.

133
. Shadid, “Remarks by Pope Prompt Muslim Outrage, Protests”; “Second Assyrian Christian Killed in Retaliation for Pope’s Remarks,”
Assyrian International NewsAgency
, September 17, 2006,
http://www.aina.org/news/20060917014616.htm
.

134
. “Egypt’s Top Christian Leader Denounces Comments,”
The Age
(Australia), September 16, 2006; Nadia Abou El-Magd, “Mideast Christians in Uneasy Position,”
AP
, September 17, 2006.

135
. “Pope’s Statement in Full,”
CNN
, September 16, 2006.

136
. “Pope Upset That Muslims Offended”; Brown, “Pope Apology Fails to Stop Backlash.”

137
. “Rome Tightens Pope’s Security after Furor over Islam Remarks.”

138
. “‘Jihad’ Vowed over Pope’s Speech,”
SwissInfo
, September 18, 2006; Nadia Abou El-Magd, “Mideast Christians in Uneasy Position,”
AP
, September 17, 2006.

139
. Mohamed Sheikh Nor, “Italian Nun Slain by Somali Gunmen,”
AP
, September 17, 2006; “Religious in Somalia Died Forgiving Her Killers; Sister Loenella Sgorbati to Be Buried in Kenya,”
Zenit
, September 18, 2006; “Italian Nun Slain in Somalia,” Reuters, September 17, 2006; “Gunmen Shoot Elderly Nun Dead,”
The Weekend Australian
, September 16, 2006; “Somali Cleric Calls for Pope’s Death,”
AFP
, September 17, 2006; “Vatican Denounces Nun’s Murder in Somalia,”
Zenit
, September 17, 2006; Selcan Hacaoglu, “Muslims Seek Detailed Apology from Pope,”
AP
, September 19, 2006; “Benedict XVI Praises Slain Nun,”
Zenit
, September 24, 2006.

140
. Ian Fisher, “In a Rare Step, Pope Expresses Personal Regret,”
New York Times
, September 18, 2006; “Pope’s Comments Published in Arabic,”
Zenit
, September 19, 2006;
Zenit
, September 28, 2006.

141
. “Kashmir City Shuts in Protest over Pope’s Remarks,” Reuters, September 18, 2006; B. Raman, “LET Issues Fatwa to Kill the Pope,” International Terrorism Monitor Paper 133, October 2, 2006; Selcan Hacaoglu, “Lawyer: Pope Gunman Warns Benedict Not to Travel,”
AP
, September 18, 2006; “Pope Statement Fails to End Anger,”
BBC News
, September 18, 2006.