Read Richard & John: Kings at War Online

Authors: Frank McLynn

Richard & John: Kings at War (110 page)

prepares invasion of England

baulked by John’s submission to Innocent III

signs treaty with Frederick

fleet of, destroyed by English

faces war on two fronts

confronts Otto’s army

wins battle of Bouvines

signs truce with John

rejects John’s overtures (1215-16)

sends his son Louis to England

and decisive intervention on side of barons

rejects mediation of papal legate

and machiavellian collaboration with Louis

rebukes Louis for military ineptitude

Pisa and Pisans

Poitou and Poitevins

Puiset, Hugh du

Ralph de Faye, seneschal of Poitou

Ralph of Diceto

Raymond of Tripoli

Reginald of Chatillon

Renaud of Dammartin

Rhodes

Richard I, king of England, the Lionheart

personality and character of

physical appearance of

as Eleanor of Aquitaine’s favourite child

musical talent of

influence on, of troubadours

Angevin legacy of

influence on, of Aquitaine and its ethos and culture

impetuousness of

restlessness of

military genius of

talent of, at siegecraft

as master of strategy and logistics

reputation of

legends of

cinematic portrayals of

as hunter

talent of, as politician

as diplomat

attitude of, to England

as ‘bad king’ of England

grasp of Norman realities of

and seapower

love of war of

anger of

as talent-spotter

sexuality of

French as native language of

financial irresponsibility of

counterfactual estimate of

relations of, with Henry II

relations of, with Henry, the Young King

relations of, with his brother Geoffrey

relations of, with his half-brother Geoffrey

habitually lenient treatment of John of

as compared with John

favouritism of, for Otto IV

and Hugh of Lincoln

LIFE AND CAREER:

birth

early life

early betrothal of, to Alice of France (
see also
Alice)

becomes duke of Aquitaine

as lord of Aquitaine

in the rebellion of 1173-74

pardoned by Henry II

appointed the king’s agent in Aquitaine

campaigns in Gascony and the south (1176)

shows early military prowess

and struggle for mastery in Aquitaine

takes ‘impregnable’ Taillebourg castle

campaigns in Angouleme (1182)

fights the rest of his family for Aquitaine

campaigns against Raymond of Toulouse (1185)

and Berry campaign of 1187

suspicious of his father’s intentions for John

makes peace with Henry II (1187)

takes the Cross

and early friendship with Philip of France

makes preparations for crusade

campaigns against rebels in Aquitaine (1188)

final breach with Henry II

attacked by William Marshal

succeeds Henry II as king of England

early actions of, as king

and dealings with Philip of France when king

showers William Marshal with largesse

visits England (1189)

crowned king of England

and the arrangements for England before going on crusade

tries to neutralise John while on crusade

raises money for crusade

Welsh policy of

Scots policy of

travels through France on way to crusade

signs non-aggression pact with Philip Augustus

marries Berengaria

and the draconian order to his troops ,

journeys through Italy

arrives in Sicily

leaves Sicily and reaches Cyprus

campaigns in Cyprus

and the Third Crusade

at the siege of Acre

ill at Acre

negotiates surrender of Acre

alienates Leopold of Austria

negotiates terms with Saladin

slaughters Muslim prisoners

marches south from Acre

wounded

negotiates with Safadin

wins battle of Arsuf

reaches Jaffa

narrowly escapes capture

thinking of, concerning Jerusalem

marches on from Jaffa

moves his headquarters to Latrun

ponders military options at New Year, 1192

negotiates with Conrad and Guy of Lusignan

gets bad news from England

opts for Conrad as king of Outremer

sells Cyprus to Lusignans

blamed for murder of Conrad

summer campaign (1192) of

attacks Darum

glimpses Jerusalem

makes devastating attack on Saladin’s supply lines

wins battles of Jaffa

defeats Saladin’s commando attack

illness of

impact of, on Third Crusade

departs for Acre

lands at Corfu

intentions of, when leaving Acre

charters privateer galleys

lands at Ragusa

lands in estuary of Tagliamento

travels in disguise to Vienna

recurrence of illness of

arrested

imprisoned at Durnstein

ransom of

as prisoner of the German emperor

trial of, at Speyer

peacemaking role of, in German politics

at conference of Worms

at conference at Mainz

regains freedom

vows vengeance on Philip

German policy of

celebrates freedom in Cologne

lands in England

recoronation of

dealings of, with William of Scotland

makes war on Philip (1194)

arrives in Normandy

at Verneuil

forgives John

takes Loches

wins victory at Angouleme

reconciled with Berengaria

intrigues with emperor Henry VI

defeats raiders of Dieppe

defeats Philip at Issoundoun

agrees truce at Louviers

invades Britanny (1196)

checked at Aumale

wounded

builds Chateau-Gaillard

abandons 40-year war against Toulouse

constructs alliance against Flanders

revival of military fortunes of (1197)

begins two-pronged offensive against Philip

agrees new truce with Philip

recognises John as his heir

intervenes in German politics

winning the battle against Philip

defeats Philip at Dangu

loses patience with papal legate

and his suspicions of John

campaigns around Limoges

hatred of, for Philip

and the Lusignans

death of

Richard of Devizes (
see also
Notes passim)

Robin Hood

Roger of Howden (
see also
Notes passim)

Roger of Wendover

Runnymede

Safadin

Saladin

early career of

clashes with crusader states

defeats crusaders at Hattin (1187)

and power struggles within the Islamic world

and unsuccesful siege of Tyre (1187-88)

defensive campaign of, in 1189-90

and siege of Acre

negotiates with Richard

reaction of, to slaughter of Muslim prisoners

military technology of

military tactics of

defeated at Arsuf,

strategy of, after Arsuf

and the defence of Jerusalem

and the Assassins

cast down by the defeat of his supply caravan

attacks Jaffa,

commando attack of, on Richard’s camp

further discouraged by two defeats at Jaffa

opinion of, of Richard

Salisbury, William Longsword, earl of

Scotland

seapower and navies

Shakespeare

sheriffs and sheriffdom

Sicily description of

Richard in

Sidon

siegecraft

Spain

Stephen, king

Swabia, duke of

Tancred of Lecce, king of Sicily

taxation in England

Templars , 194

Tiberias

Toulouse

tournaments , Richard’s attitude to

Tripoli

troubadours, importance of and influence

Tyre

Venice

Vesci, Eustace de

Vexin, struggle for

Wales

Walter Map

Walter of Coventry

Walter, Hubert

William Rufus

William the Conqueror

William, king of Scotland

William le Breton (
see also
Notes passim)

William of Newburgh (
see also
Notes passim)

William de Barres

women, role of (
see also
Eleanor of Aquitaine, Berengaria, Isabella of Angouleme, Joan, Alice)

wool trade

William des Roches

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Cataloging-in-Publication data for this book is available from the Library of Congress.

First Da Capo Press edition 2007
First Da Capo Press paperback edition 2008
.

eISBN : 978-0-786-72629-5

Library of Congress Control Number: 2007935694

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