Official and Confidential (75 page)

Chapter 12

The description of H.'s house drew on interviews with Hilton Simmons, Robert Fink, Anthony Calomaris, and Anthony Cave Brown, reporting his interview with Sir William Stephenson.
Stephenson's ‘grip' is noted in W. M. Stevenson's Apr. 25, 1993 letter to the author. William Corson recalled an interview of H. on having received a written Presidential instruction to cooperate with Stephenson, but FDRL Archivist Raymond Teichman reported no trace of such a document in a Jun. 16, 1992 letter to the author. The official British history of Stephenson's operation,
An Account of Secret Activities in the Western Hemisphere
,
is
unpublished, and was shown to the author by William Stevenson. The Van Deman Papers are in the Military Reference Branch, NA. The Popov episode was discussed by Jill and Marco Popov, Celia Jackson, Rodney Dennys, Col. T. A. Robertson, author William Stevenson, Chloe MacMillan, and former FBI official Arthur Thurston. For a full reading of the sources used for this controversial episode, it is especially essential to see the hardback edition. Notable, however, are the Popov Papers preserved by his family, FBI file 65–36994, ‘The British Assault on J. Edgar Hoover: The Tricycle Case,' by Thomas Troy,
Intelligence and Counterintelligence
, III, No. 3, 1989,
British Intelligence in the Second World War
, vol. 4, by F. H. Hinsley and C. A. G. Simkins, London, HMSO, 1990, and
American Historical Review
, article by John Bratzel and Leslie Rout, Dec. 1982.

Chapter 13

Interviews on Pearl Harbor included Duane Eskridge, George Allen, Tom Flynn, and Saburu Chiwa. Col. Carlton Ketchum's son, David, discussed his father's claims and provided correspondence. A. M. Ross-Smith and Deborah Payne provided information on H.'s allegations against British intelligence, and J. Edgar Nichols reported H.'s Hitler assassination scheme. Former agents John Holtzman, Duane Traynor, and Norval Wills, and attorney Lloyd Cutler, discussed the Nazi saboteurs. Key among Pearl Harbor sources were
And I Was There
, by Edwin Layton, Roger Pineau, and John Costello, NY, William Morrow, 1985, and
Pearl Harbor: Final Judgement
, by Henry Clausen and Bruce Lee, NY, Crown, 1992, Dec. 7–12 correspondence at FDRL, John A. Burns Oral History Project, Univ. of Hawaii, and H. phone and office logs showing that H. was on vacation when asked to testify.
Eight Spies Against America
, by George Dasch, NY, Robert
McBride, 1959, and the
Atlanta Constitution
, Jul. 4–6, 1980 contain essential information on the Nazi saboteurs.

Chapter 14

Cartha DeLoach supplied the story about H. mimicking Eleanor Roosevelt, G. Gordon Liddy recalled H. describing her as dangerous, and Edna Daulyton the encounter in the hotel. Trude Lash spoke about her husband Joseph and Mrs Roosevelt, and Bernard Fensterwald reported the comments of Col. Roger Pierce on the alleged sex recording. Dr Beatrice Berle described ‘the collapse of H. s relations with Pres. Roosevelt. The H. ‘hoot owl' comment is from a notation, Dec. 1958, cited in WP, Jun. 6, 1982.
FDR
, by Ted Morgan, and
Eleanor Roosevelt
, I, by Blanche Wiesen Cook, NY, Viking, 1992, were vital resources. The H./Eleanor Roosevelt correspondence are in FBI file 62–62–735. FDRL Archivist Raymond Teichman confirmed the absence of records of H./FDR contacts late in the presidency.

Chapter 15

The Steelman anecdote was told by former agent Curtis Lynum. General William Quinn described H.'s check on the remnants of the OSS, and former CIA Director Richard Helms discussed H.'s antipathy to CIA. I drew on
Off the Record: The Private Papers of Harry S. Truman
, and
Dear Bess: Letters from Harry to Bess Truman
, ed. Robert Ferrell, and
Truman
, by David McCullough, NY, Simon & Schuster, 1992. The James Angleton comments are from IC 2, pp. 67ff.

Chapter 16

Dr Edward Elson was interviewed. Alger Hiss' attorney Cal Barksdale spoke about the Hiss case on behalf of his client, and Stephen Salant and William Reuben were also interviewed. Robert Morgenthau discussed his father's view of Harry White, and Robert McGaughey described Mundt's access to Hiss files. David Garrow supplied notes of his interview with Charles Brennan, and Truman's ‘Gestapo' comment came from a George Elsey note, May 2, 1947, from the George Elsey Papers, HSTL.
Dangerous Dossiers
, by Herbert Mitgang, and
Alien Ink
, by Natalie Robins (see
Bibliography
) were main sources on FBI meddling with writers and artists. Charlie Chaplin's FBI file is number 96100-127090. ‘Ghost of a Typewriter,' by Fred Cook,
Nation
, May 12, 1962, and ‘Forgery by Typewriter,' by Gil Green,
Nation
, Nov. 10, 1984, were useful. Prof. Herbert Parmet kindly supplied his 1988 interview of Richard Nixon. The 2007 symposium was reported by
AP
on Apr. 5, 2007. Information on Thomas Dewey came from the Dewey folder, Nichols OC, FBI 62–116758.

Chapter 17

Professor Howard Higman, of the Univ. of Colorado, kindly obtained his FBI file on my behalf. Prof. John Murphy analysed it, and Marilyn Van Derbur was interviewed. John Lowenthal, Al Bernstein, Telford Taylor, and Joseph Rauh discussed H.'s attack on Max Lowenthal. The ‘bad news' report to Truman is covered by an unsigned memo, Aug. 20, Rosen to Ladd, Aug. 28, and Powers to H., Aug. 28, 1953, HSF5. Merle Miller's assistant Carol Hanley corresponded with the author. Sen. Hickenlooper's involvement in the Lowenthal affair is at
CR
, Nov. 27, 1950, Hickenlooper Papers, HHL, and see
CR
, Jan. 17, 1966. Truman's part in the matter is reflected in H. to Admiral Souers, Jul. 20, HT to Lowenthal, Jul. 25, Aug. 2, Lowenthal to HT, Jul. 31, 1950, Pres. Sec.'s files, HSTL.

Chapter 18

Guy Hottel, Donald Surine, Walter Trohan, and Thomas Reeves, discussed H.'s relationship with Sen. McCarthy. Barbara Coffman Burns reported H.'s hosting of a Nixon fundraiser. Virginia Murchison Linthicum, Madeleine Brown, and Jim Johnson spoke about Sid Richardson and Clint Murchison. Former AG William Rogers was interviewed on H.'s relations with Eisenhower. H.'s vacationing at Del Charro was discussed by Allan Witwer, former agents Harry Whidbee, Erwin Piper and Frenchie LaJeunesse, hoteliers Arthur and Mara Forbes, Donald King, former SAC Richard Auerbach, Billy Byars, Jr., Effie Cain,
and others. John Connally described H.'s connections with oilmen, and Peter Sprague, Leland Redline, Henry Darlington, Robert Morgenthau, William Hundley, John Dowd, and William Pennington discussed his oil investments. Cornelius Gallagher was interviewed about H. and Roy Cohn, as was David Schine. H.'s broadcast on behalf of McCarthy is documented in Nichols to T., Apr. 5, 1949, and transcribed in FBI 94–37708. Wm. Sullivan's comments are in part from notes of an Arthur Schlesinger int., Jul. 26, 1976. David Kraslow allowed quotation from contemporaneous notes of his Oct. 13, 1971 meeting with H. George Allen's ‘juice' quote is from
Washington Exposé
, by Jack Anderson, Washington, DC, Public Affairs Press, 1967, pp. 209ff. I used notes of ints. with Allan Witwer by Drew Pearson, in the Pearson Papers, Texas Oilmen file, G300, LBJL, and by Wm. Lambert, in his collection. The Director's Daily Log proved the length of his vacations. Official findings on diversion of Recreation Fund money are from AG Griffin Bell's US Recording Report, Jan. 10, 1978. I cited the Valuation of Securities, Estate of Clyde Tolson, Apr. 14, 1975, in TSF9. Myer Schine's admission of a deal with the mob is from the Schine transcript, Sen. Special Cttee. to Investigate Org. Crime in Interstate Commerce, 1950, Pt. 2.

Chapter 19

John Williams, citing Allard Lowenstein, reported the meeting of worried US senators. Henry Eakins quoted Sen. Mundt on H. as ‘most dangerous.' Former agent Harold Leinbaugh, Peter Eikenberry, Leon Friedman, and Ralph Salerno discussed Rep. John Rooney. Robert Winter-Berger was interviewed about John McCormack, and Jack Anderson about Thomas Dodd. Curtis Lynum described the Zero file system. Judge George McKinnon, Edna Daulyton, Julius Knutson, Quentin Burke, and Joseph Shimon provided information on Rep. Knutson. Former agents Amos Teasley, Joseph Woods, John Tierney, Paul Ertzinger, Conrad Trahern, Alfred Nicholas, Joseph Purvis, and Harold Charron, talked about the Official and Confidential files. I interviewed Gordon Liddy, and former CIA Director Richard Helms, about H.'s pressure on politicians. David Gelman recalled the
NYP
contact with Rep. Celler. I interviewed
Arthur Murtagh, Walter Trohan, and former Sen. George Smathers. Sullivan's comments drew on an unpub. int. by DES investigator Robert Fink, May 2, 1976.
The Washington Pay-off
, by Robert Winter-Berger, Secaucus, NJ, Lyle Stuart, 1972, was a main source on congressional corruption. I used the McCormack Papers, Boston University, and the Keenan Papers, Harvard Law School Library, to document those politicians' relations with H., and
Above the Law
, by James Boyd, NY, New American Library, 1968, and FBI file 58–6157, OC 92 on Thomas Dodd. For the passage about Emmanuel Celler, I used the Celler Papers, LC, and a letter from Dorothy Schiff of Mar. 30, 1988. Arthur Murtagh's congressional testimony of Nov. 1975 is at IC3, pp. 1047, 1068.

Chapter 20

I drew on interviews with former AG Laurence Silberman, Sen. Ralph Yarborough, Abigail McCarthy, and – on Rep. Boggs – with Thomas Boggs, Thomas P. O'Neill, Gary Hymel, Henry Reuss, Charles Percy, and Birch Bayh. I discussed Sen. Long with his former aide Robert Bevin, with Bernard Fensterwald, and former FBI Assistant Director Cartha DeLoach. The Gallagher affair was reported on the basis of multiple interviews with Cornelius Gallagher and his family, with Charles Joelson, William Lambert, Russell Sackett, Elizabeth May, Joseph Zicarelli, Jr., Larry Weisman, former AG Ramsey Clark, former Justice Dept. official Mitchell Rogovin, and FBI agents John Lelwica, John Connors, Lincoln Stokes, and Victor Carelli. Former Justice Dept. official William Hundley, journalist Mike Royko, and former agent William Turner, discussed
Life
magazine reporter Sandy Smith. On the FBI and the Supreme Court, I used the
Now It Can Be Told
syndicated TV program, Sept. 16, 1991, and
Cloak and Gavel
, by Alexander Charns, Chicago, Univ. of Illinois Press, 1992. An unpub. ms. by Robert Bevin was useful on surveillance of Congress, as was the unpub. ms.
The Intruders
, by Edward Long, and draft chapters for a book from Bernard Fensterwald's personal papers. Bernard Fensterwald signed an affidavit on Oct. 22, 1990 about the alleged DeLoach visit to Sen. Long. The discussion of Sandy Smith drew on
Playboy
, 1981, Wm. Helmer to Turner, Sept. 1980, with enclosures, SAC Chicago to H., Mar.
16, DeLoach to Mohr, Mar. 16, 1965, FBI file 07–455829, and
A Life
memo by Smith, Aug. 21, 1968.

Chapter 21

Cartha DeLoach described H. weeping. Mrs L. B. Brown described her husband's ordeal, and former agents Wm. Turner, Nate Ferris, Gordon Liddy, Joseph Schott, Francis Flanagan, Jack Shaw, Bernard Conners, and Nelson Gibbons discussed agent conditions. Dr Robert Choisser and Marilyn Bell spoke about H.'s health. John Dowd, Joseph Griffin, Homer Boynton, Mrs Leo Gauthier, John Dunphy, Martin Kaiser, and Assistant AG Harold Tyler discussed the 1977 FBI corruption probe. Documents used included Nelson Gibbons' FBI file, held by his attorney, AG Griffin Bell's statement on release of the US
Recording Report
, Jan. 10, 1978, and the Nov. 11, 1976 report to Michael Shaheen, Council on Professional Responsibility, by John Dowd, Special Attorney, Crim. Div., DJ, obtained under Freedom of Information Act.

Chapter 22

The Lombardozzi quote was obtained for the author by attorney Wm. Pepper. Guy Hottel discussed H. and horseracing, and former agents Pete Pitchess, Wm. Roemer, and Neil Welch described early FBI attitudes to organized crime. Former Assistant Cttee. Counsel Joseph Nellis, Wm. Turner and Jack Anderson were interviewed about Sen. Kefauver. Former AGs Herbert Brownell, Wm. Rogers, and Ramsey Clark, NY DA Robert Morgenthau, former LA Police Chief Tom Reddin, crime consultant Ralph Salerno, former Justice Dept. officials Robert Pelaquin, Wm. Hundley, and Edwin Guthman, Prof. Fred Inbau, former FBI Assistant Directors Courtney Evans, Mark Felt, and Cartha DeLoach, and fourteen former FBI agents, were consulted about H.'s inaction against organized crime. Herman Klurfeld, and Mrs Meyer Lansky, reported by Michael Fooner, discussed Winchell's links to the mob. Restaurateurs Jesse, Grace, and Jo-Ann Weiss discussed H. and Joe's Stone Crabs. Allan Witwer talked about Ed Levinson, Wm. Gallinaro about Art Samish and John Daly, Robert Baskett, Win. Wilson, and Wm. Gallinaro
about Dub McClanahan. Irving Davidson and Bobby Baker were interviewed, and former agent Wm. Roemer reported Murray Humphries' comments about H. and Murchison. Among 22 interviewees on H. and horseracing, Virginia Linthicum, Effie Cain, Bud Brubaker, Guy Hottel, Curly Harris, Cliff Wickman, and Chick Lang were especially helpful. H.'s request to Phil Kovolick was reported in interviews and corr. with Hank Messick. Reporter Fletcher Knebel and former Justice Dept. aide Ed Guthman added to reports that H. placed larger bets than he publicly admitted. For the massive body of specialist literature on organized crime used, readers are referred to the hardback edition. This chapter drew on an uned. ms. in the papers of Leon Turrou, held by his son, the Harold Robinson Papers, HSTL, H.'s testimony to the the US Sen. Cttee. to Investigate Crime in Interstate Commerce, Mar. 26, 1951, pp. 524ff., and – on Kefauver – the Apr. 21, 1952 report by Auerbach to H., and Sullivan to Belmont, Dec. 28, 1961, in FBI file 62–77208. Del Webb's registration at the Del Charro was seen in Allan Witwer's collection, and
Dallas Conspiracy
, an unpub. ms. by Prof. Peter Dale Scott, VI, 16, provided information on John Drew. Reporting on Del Mar used the Hearings, Cal. Sen. Factfinding Cttee. on Govt. Admin., Examination of 22nd Agricultural Assn., 1960, and orig.
Life
research files on Boys Inc.