Read Northmen: The Viking Saga AD 793-1241 Online
Authors: John Haywood
Northmen: The Viking Saga AD 793-1241 (61 page)
papar
111, 118, 211
Poland
Scandinavian colony at Elblag 38
Pont de l’Arche 91, 92, 94
Pytheas of Massalia 9–12
Ragnald 73, 123, 149–50
Ragnar 88
Ragnar Lodbrok 50, 51, 88, 141, 169
raids 40, 42, 44, 46–7, 81 85, 332
Constantinople 197–9
Dublin 144
Dunkeld 122
England 252
Frisia 275
Hebrides 110
Iberian Peninsula 166–73
Iona 112–13, 114
Ireland 137–8, 151
reduced incentive for 270
Scotland 114
strandhögg
46
Wales 154
Wends 302–3
Rani 26, 27
Raumarici 27
Reading 53
religion 20, 73, 187, 201–2, 289, 301, 345
and trade 20
Repton 54
Ribe 32–3
Richard the Fearless 105–6
Richard the Good 106–7, 252, 259, 263, 264
Rodulf 26, 27
Rognvald 102-3
Rognvald Brusason 130
Rognvald Kali Kolsson 331–2
Rollo 97–8, 99–103
Roman Empire 19
collapse 40, 77
influence 25-6
Romerike 27, 39
Romsdal 27
Roric 83–4
Roskilde 35, 283
Rouen 86, 94, 100, 106
Rugi 27
runes 23–5, 30, 118, 243
rune-stones 206, 241, 277, 281, 282, 307
Rurik 177, 178
Rus 175–99, 208
assimilation with the Slavs 199
boats 197
burial customs 185–6
clothes 184
conversion to Christianity 201–2
hygiene 183
raid on Constantinople 198–9
sex lives 184
trade in Baghdad 188
wealth 184
sacrifice 51–2, 272, 312–13
blood eagle 51, 128
ships 20–21
sacrificial feasts 5–6
sagas 342–5
Edda 344
Egils saga 343
Eíriks saga rauđa 235–6, 237, 238
Grœnlendinga saga 235, 237
Heimskringla 286, 296, 297, 344
Laxdœla Saga 204, 220
Njáls saga 343
Orkneyinga Saga 330
Saga of the Jomsvikings 254
Saga of St Olaf 297
Volsunga Saga 31
Yngvars Saga víđförla 206
St Ansgar 308, 309, 310, 311
St Brendan 211
St Brice’s day massacre 253–4
St Columba 110–13, 120
St Cuthbert 43, 44, 57
History of St Cuthbert 71
St Magnus 330, 331
St Olaf 129, 263, 297–301
Sami 307–8
Saxo Grammaticus 33
Saxons 26, 28, 31
Scandinavia
colonisation of 12–13
first kingdoms 31
and the sail 22–3
Scandinavian tribes 26–7
ancestry 212
assimilation into Europe 270
burials 181
Scandza 17, 26
Scotland 109–11, 125
Scots 109, 119–21
Seljuqs 315
Seville 167, 172
Shetland Islands 115, 126, 340
ships and boats
birlinns 340
cogs 323–4
drakkars 252, 295
dromon 168, 198
knarrs 218, 274
longships 17–18, 48, 169, 274, 295–6, 323–4, 340
sacrifices 20–21
ship settings 14, 33, 281
size and number 60
umiaks 244
Sicily 319
Sigeric, Archbishop 250
Sigfred 95, 96, 97, 99, 271–2
Sigurd 329, 330
crusade 316–21
Sigurd the Mighty 126–7
Sigurd Ring 35
Sigvatr 106
Sihtric Silkbeard 157–9, 162
Silverdale hoard 55
Sjaelland 20, 33
skaldic verse 345–6
Skjöldungs 33, 35
slave trade 116, 144–6, 169–70, 172
Ireland 132, 144–6, 170
slavery 220
Slavs 175, 176, 177, 179, 181, 188
Snorri Sturluson 286, 287, 290, 319, 343–6
solar cults 15
Somerled 334–5
Sorte Muld 30
Stamford Bridge 267
Staraja Ladoga 38, 174, 180, 192
Scandinavian burials 181
stone crosses
Gosforth 72
Isle of Man 118
Strabo 11–12
Strathclyde 109, 119, 122–3, 142
Svein Asleifarson 332–3
Svein Estrithson 302, 303–5
Svein Forkbeard 251–3, 258, 259, 284–5,
Svyatoslav 179, 180, 199–201
Sweden 22, 31, 35, 307–13
Swedes 26–7, 35, 37–8, 174, 307–8
Rus 175–99, 208
Swedish crusades 325–7
Tacitus 19, 22, 26, 126
Tallin 324
Teutones 17
Thanet 47, 49, 248
Thietmar of Merseburg 34, 260
Thor 5, 36–7, 233
Thor’s hammer amulets 6, 13, 37, 233, 283
Thorfinn the Mighty 129–31
Thorfinn Skullsplitter 128
Thorkell the Tall 256–8, 259, 260, 285, 297
Thorstein the Red 125, 126
Thule 11
Thule Inuit 244, 347
Tostig 266–7
trade 20, 38, 53, 70, 188, 275
Baghdad 188
and religion 20
Silk Road 183, 188
Sweden 308–9
tin 10
and war 53
Treaty of Verdun 82, 83
Trondheim Fjord 11, 293
Trundholm Sun Chariot 15
Turgeis 139–40, 141
Tureholm hoard 29
Ubba 50, 52, 58
Uí Néill 149, 150
Ukraine 28
Unni, archbishop of Hamburg-Bremen 279–80, 311
Urban II, Pope 315
Valdemar II 323–5
Valdemar the Great 321–2
Valhalla 3–4, 6, 35
valkyries 4
Brynhild 31, 51
Vandals 17
Varangians 199, 201, 202, 203–5, 207
Varangian Guard 203–5, 207, 320
Vendel
art-style 36
burials 36
Venerable Bede 45, 75
Ecclesiastical History of the English People
75
Veneti 10
Viking
meaning xvi
Viking Age xvi-xvii
Vladimir 201–3
Volsunga Saga 31
Volund 89-90
Wales 154
weapons 18, 19, 205, 240
Wends 272, 302, 305, 321, 322
Wendish crusade 321–3
Wessex 53, 65, 66, 75
William the Lion of Scotland 333
William Longsword 104–5
William of Malmesbury 65, 261
William of Normandy, the Conqueror 265–9
Willibrord 33, 279
Wulfstan I 75
Yaroslav the Wise 206–8, 299
Yggdrasil 2, 24, 283
Ynglings 36, 37, 39, 286
Domalde 37
Yngvar the Widefarer 206
Yngvars Saga víðförla
206
York 42, 51, 68–71, 73, 74, 124, 268
The violent and predatory society of Dark Age Scandinavia left a unique impact on the history of medieval Europe. From their chill northern fastness, Norse warriors, explorers and merchants raided, traded, and settled across wide areas of Europe, Asia and the North Atlantic from the late eighth to the mid-eleventh century.
Northmen
narrates their story, focusing on places where key events were played out, from the sack of Lindisfarne in 793 to the murder of the saga-writer Snorri Sturluson in Iceland in 1241. Such episodes are fascinating in themselves, but also shed crucial light on the nature of Viking activity – its causes, effects, and the reasons for its decline.
In 800, the Scandinavians were barbarians in longships bent on plunder and rapine; by 1200, their homelands were an integral part of Latin Christendom. John Haywood tells, in authoritative but compellingly readable fashion, the extraordinary story of the Viking Age.
‘An excellent point of reference.’
BBC History Magazine on the
New Atlas of World History
‘An excellent introduction to global history.’
Jeremy Black on the
New Atlas of World History
J
OHN
H
AYWOOD
was educated at the universities of Lancaster, Cambridge and Copenhagen and is an expert on the history of Dark Age Europe. He is the author of:
The Penguin Historical Atlas of the Vikings
The Celts: Bronze Age to New Age
Encyclopedia of the Viking Age
The New Atlas of World History: Global Events at a Glance
Chronicles of the Ancient World: A Complete Guide to the Great Ancient Civilizations
Viking: The Norse Warrior’s (Unofficial) Manual
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