Lincoln (142 page)

204
“courageously, eminently so”:
Johannsen, “The Lincoln-Douglas Campaign,” p. 253.

204
“in the country”:
David M. Potter,
The Impending Crisis, 1848–1861,
edited and completed by Don E. Fehrenbacher (New York: Harper & Row, 1976), p. 321.

204
in the wrong: CW,
2:427.

204
“to go under”: CW,
2:448.

204
“here in Illinois?”: CW,
2:430.

204
to oppose him:
For an account of this trip and what Herndon learned, see Donald,
Lincoln’s
Herndon,
pp. 112–116.

204
“Are our friends crazy?”: Jesse K. Dubois to Lyman Trumbull, Apr. 8, 1858, Trumbull MSS, LC.

205
“can never forget”: WHH to Horace Greeley, Apr. 8, 1858, Greeley MSS, New York Public Library.

205
make himself available:
Beveridge (2:564–568) gave great credit to rumors of Wentworth’s candidacy, but Don E. Fehrenbacher has shown these were largely the work of Democrats seeking to divide the Republicans. Fehrenbacher,
Chicago Giant: A Biography of “Long John” Wentworth
(Madison, Wis.: American History Research Center, 1957), pp. 155–157.

205
“thick and thin”:
Beveridge, 2:566.

205
did Lincoln himself: CW,
2:472.

205
the second time:
Neely,
The Abraham Lincoln Encyclopedia,
p. 79.

205
“of the constitution”:
Fehrenbacher,
Prelude to Greatness,
p. 49.

205
“than anything else”: CW,
2:472.

205
“Stephen A. Douglas”:
Beveridge, 2:571–572.

206
“what we struck”:
WHH to Lyman Trumbull, June 24, 1858, Trumbull MSS, LC.

206
his acceptance speech:
It was not technically that. In the debates that followed, Lincoln told Douglas that if he examined the speech he would “find no acceptance in it.”
CW,
3:120.

206
“see it now”: Herndon’s Lincoln,
2:397. Herndon wrote several variants of this story, differing chiefly as to when Dubois interrupted Lincoln.

206
to Robert Hayne:
Richard Nelson Current,
Speaking of Abraham Lincoln: The Man and His
Meaning for Our Times
(Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1983), pp. 11–12.

206
“well as
South”:
CW,
2:461–462. After delivering this speech, Lincoln went to the
Illinois State
Journal
office and carefully oversaw the printed version that appeared in that paper. The paragraphing is, therefore, exactly what he wanted, and the italics indicate the words he emphasized in delivering the speech. Even so, the account of the speech in the
Journal,
which is followed in most editions of Lincoln’s writings, is not entirely correct. See Don E. Fehrenbacher,
Lincoln in Text and Context: Collected Essays
(Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1987), esp. pp. 275–277, 279–280.

206
of the Gospels:
Matthew 12:25, Mark 3:25, and Luke 11:17.

207
or all free:
Zarefsky,
Lincoln, Douglas, and Slavery,
p. 44.

207
“and half free?”: CW,
2:318.

207
“and part free”:
T. Lyle Dickey to WHH, Dec. 8, 1866, HWC.

207
“issue before us”: CW,
2:453–454. For the dating of this fragment, see Robert W. Johannsen,
Lincoln, the South and Slavery: The Political Dimension
(Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1991), p. 59n.

207
plan or blueprint: CW,
2:465–466.

208
“a
slave
State”: CW,
2:467.

208
“just like him”:
AL to “Dear Sir,” incomplete draft of a letter, [early 1858], MS auctioned by Frank H. Boos Gallery, Detroit, 1994.

208
“of splendid success”: CW,
2:383.

208
“not do that”:
Joseph Gillespie, statement, Apr. 22, 1880, John J. Hardin MSS, Chicago Historical Society.

208
as a “squabble”: CW,
2:463.

208
justices would rule:
Fehrenbacher,
The Dred Scott Case,
pp. 444–447.

209
“shall not fail”: CW,
2:467–468.

209
“to say so?”: Herndon’s Lincoln,
2:398. Perhaps Herndon did say this, though very shortly afterward he was writing to Theodore Parker that Lincoln’s speech was a little too conservative. Herndon to Theodore Parker, July 8, 1858, Herndon-Parker MSS, University of Iowa Library.

209
“of the times”:
WHH, interview with John Armstrong, undated, HWC. By this point Herndon had reconsidered his objections and was the only member of this little group to urge Lincoln to make the speech, predicting—if belated memories can be trusted—“Lincoln, deliver that speech as read and it will make you President.”
Herndon’s Lincoln,
2:400. Cf. WHH to Jesse W. Weik, Oct. 29, 1885, HWC.

209
“it now exists”:
John Locke Scripps to AL, June 22, 1858, Lincoln MSS, LC.

209
“so intended it”: CW,
2:471.

209
“foolish one perhaps”: CW,
2:491.

209
“be hardly won”:
John W. Forney,
Anecdotes of Public Men
(New York: Harper & Brothers, 1873), 2:179.

210
“an unholy, unnatural alliance”:
Johannsen,
Lincoln-Douglas Debates,
pp. 22–36.

210
“throughout the world”: CW,
2:500–501.

210
“in his wake”:
Edwin Erie Sparks, ed.,
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates of 1858
(Springfield: Illinois State Historical Library, 1908), p. 46.

210
“the very thing”: CW,
3:84.

210
on the defensive:
N. B. Judd to Lyman Trumbull, July 16, 1858, Trumbull MSS, LC.

210
“Lincoln the leavings”:
W. J. Usrey to AL, July 19, 1858, Lincoln MSS, LC.

211
a considerable audience:
Sparks,
Lincoln-Douglas Debates,
pp. 56–57.

211
“come from you”: CW,
2:529.

212
“his own success”:
WHH to Lyman Trumbull, July 8, 1858, Trumbull MSS, LC.

212
counties was needed.
Harry E. Pratt,
The Great Debates of 1858
(Springfield: Illinois State Historical Library, 1956), pp. 8–9.

212
had been strongest:
For these careful calculations, see
CW,
2:476–481, 503.

212
“to the abolitionists”:
Beveridge, 2:555.

212
“and public justice”:
J.J. Crittenden to AL, July 29, 1858, Lincoln MSS, LC.

213
“to any extent”: CW,
2:471–472.

213
with the Danites:
WHH to Lyman Trumbull, June 24, 1858, Trumbull MSS, LC.

213
“going to do”:
WHH to Lyman Trumbull, July 8, 1858, Trumbull MSS, LC.

213
“he does not”:
WHH to Lyman Trumbull, June 24, 1858, Trumbull MSS, LC.

213
Democrats’ campaign strategy:
Jesse K. Dubois to AL, Sept. 7, 1858, Lincoln MSS, LC.

213
have been true:
A. Sherman to O. M. Hatch, Sept. 27, 1858, Hatch MSS, ISHL.

214
3,400 by train:
Pratt,
The Great Debates,
p. 5.

214
and in expression:
For an excellent account of the reporting of the debates, which stresses the distortion caused by partisan reporting, see Harold Holzer’s introduction to
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates: The First Complete, Unexpurgated Text
(New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1993). Also valuable are Tom Reilly, “Lincoln-Douglas Debates of 1858 Forced New Role on the Press,”
Journalism Quarterly
56 (Winter 1979): 734–743, 752; Robert S. Harper,
Lincoln and the Press
(New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1951), pp. 21–30; and Sparks,
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates,
pp. 75–84.

215
“his large feet”:
Carl Schurz, “Reminiscences of a Long Life,”
McClure’s Magazine
28 (Jan. 1907): 253.

215
“to be President”: CW,
2:506.

216
By one o’clock:
For details on Ottawa and the arrangements for the debate, see the newspaper reports in Sparks,
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates,
pp. 124–145.

216
apparently startled Lincoln:
In the following pages my account of the debates generally follows, and usually paraphrases, the texts as given in Johannsen,
Lincoln-Douglas Debates.
I have given specific citations only for quoted passages.

216
“a Republican party”:
Johannsen,
Lincoln-Douglas Debates,
p. 39.

216
“of this Government”:
Ibid., p. 48.

217
“a chestnut horse”:
Ibid., p. 52.

217
“upon the merits”:
Ibid., p. 58.

217
“it in kind”:
Ibid., p. 52.

217
“to his knees”:
Sparks,
Lincoln-Douglas Debates,
pp. 140–141; Henry Villard,
Memoirs of Henry
Villard, Journalist and Financier, 1835–1900
(Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co, 1904), 1:93. There was a good deal of chaffering about this episode in subsequent debates, Douglas claiming that Lincoln had been so demolished that his supporters actually had to carry him from the platform, Lincoln responding that Douglas must be “actually crazy” to tell such a story. Johannsen,
Lincoln-Douglas Debates,
p. 151.