Jeremy Varon (75 page)

sonal, 160; radical, 116, 121–22,

293, 295

178; RAF vs., 200, 207, 237.
See

Prairie Fire Organizing Committees

also
nonviolence

(PFOCs), 292, 297, 298

Palestinians: German New Left with,

Pratt, Geronimo (Ji Jaga), 300

11, 65, 69–70, 197–98, 224, 250–

press: German antiterrorist censorship of,

51, 252, 278; Munich Olympics

261–64;
Ms.
magazine, 149;
New

massacre of Israeli athletes, 250,

York Times,
120, 175;
Scanlan’s

251; Palestine Liberation Organiza-

magazine, 178; Schleyer kidnapping

tion (PLO), 65, 69–70, 323n166

news blackout, 280; Scripps-Howard

Palmer, Robin, 138–39, 147–50, 309;

News Service, 176; Springer publica-

bombings, 91, 118, 149, 185–86;

tions, 38–41, 43, 208, 209–15, 245;

and Demmerle, 329n16; gut check,

Stern
magazine, 215; Trikont-Verlag

92; and Melville, 118–19, 149; on

publishing, 261, 262; on Vietnam

Robbins, 173; and Vietnam War,

War protests, 116, 124–25;
Wash-

99, 123, 147, 148, 149, 150; on

ington Daily News,
176;
Washing-

violence, 91–92, 170–71; Yippie,

ton Post,
118, 120, 130, 132, 148;

119, 148, 309

Die Welt,
264.
See also
manuals;

pardons, for prisoners, 300, 304–5,

New Left press;
Der Spiegel

359n56

Preuß, Ulrich, 217, 273, 274

Payne, Cril, 296

prison: abuse protests, 196, 216–33,

Peck, Sidney, 134

239, 245, 255, 256–57, 267, 268,

Pentagon: protest siege of, 25, 148; and

269, 271, 299–300, 303; American/

Vietnam, 195, 331n82; Weatherman

German compared, 300; Attica, 118,

bombing, 186, 295

149, 186; Catonsville 9, 329n18;

Perot, Ross, 135

freeing of radicals from, 20, 65,

Pieler, Roland, 234

203–7, 216, 225, 227, 231, 234,

Pimental, Edward, 302

279–80, 299, 301, 304–8, 323n176;

PL, 46, 47, 48–50, 67, 84, 321n113

German newsletter publishers, 263;

Pohl, Helmut, 307, 347n104

Info-system, 221–22, 229, 267, 268,

police: guerrilla manual vs., 71; New Left

269; isolation torture, 216–23, 226–

violence/nonviolence and, 3.
See also

29, 267, 269, 300, 303;
Kontakts-

Index

389

perre,
226, 269, 272, 280; Manson,

86–89, 93, 96–97, 102, 104–6, 111,

335n65; murders/suicides of RAF

136, 146, 167, 177; masses, 140,

prisoners, 11, 197, 198, 220, 222,

146; RAF and, 17, 229, 233, 307

223, 228–30, 233–34, 306, 343n3,

Rector, James, 85, 95

347n114; pardons, 300, 304–5,

Red Army Faction.
See
Rote Armee

359n56; RAF, 11, 196–98, 210,

Fraktion/Red Army Faction (RAF)

216–35, 239, 243, 245, 252–55,

Red Cells, 3, 302, 360n61; hijacking

259, 267–72, 303–8, 343n3,

with Palestinians (1976), 250–51;

347n114; UFF, 299–300; U.S.

Klein, 14, 231, 248, 251, 268,

control units, 300.
See also
hunger

351n184; murders by, 251, 302,

strikers

351n184;
Rota Zora,
359n45

Progressive Labor Party (PL), 46, 47,

Reeder, Sherry, 127

48–50, 67, 84, 321n113

Reich, Wilhelm, 33, 232

Proll, Astrid, 63, 217

Reiche, Jochen, 235, 240–41, 242

Proll, Thorward, 62–63, 202, 206,

religiousness, 18, 94, 121–22, 229–30,

322n147

347n99.
See also
morality

psychedelics, 105–6, 159, 171,

repressive antiterrorism: German state,

327–28nn108,109, 332n2

14–15, 254–89, 303–4, 351–52n1;

psychoanalysis, 18, 98, 336n93; Bopp,

U.S. government, 311

244, 248, 249, 288–89, 351n179;

“Repressive Tolerance” (Marcuse), 42–

Kenniston, 162, 168–71, 336n97;

43, 124, 304

Manson, 336n97; Mitscherlich, 40,

Republican Clubs, Germany, 33

246; RAF violence, 246–53; Santner,

resistance: ethic of, 10, 42–43, 87–88,

246–47, 249, 250, 351n179; Weath-

100, 102, 237–41; Great Refusal,

erman violence, 167–71

45, 142, 166–67; Marcuse on, 42–

publications.
See
press

43, 45, 166–68, 188–89; protest

Puerto Rican struggle groups, 298, 300;

vs., 41; RAF, 199; Vietnamese, 8,

Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación

12, 53, 150, 290, 331n71.
See also

Young Lords Nacional (FALN),

militancy; revolutionary politics

193, 295, 299; prison releases, 300;

Revolutionary Force 9, 175

Young Lords, 138

Revolutionary People’s Constitutional

Convention, BPP, 179

Quicksilver Times,
126, 338n147

revolutionary politics, 1, 37–38, 44–

72, 103–5, 151–95, 204–5, 224;

Rabert, Bernhard, 270, 283–84

in advanced industrial societies, 7,

racism, 6, 21–30, 35–36, 38, 44, 45;

9–10, 44–45; American Revolution,

anti-Semitism, 69–70, 247, 250–

74, 170; BPP, 5, 37–38, 48, 185;

51; black activists exploiting, 163;

Columbia protest, 26; vs. individual-

SDS and, 48; Stalinist, 240; of state

ism, 9, 57–58; Melville collective,

response, 333n19; Weatherman and,

119–21; militancy, 8–10, 21, 89–97,

11, 54, 92, 154–65, 185–86, 295,

102, 189–90; optimistic, 54, 308–9;

297; white activism and, 23, 90–91,

RAF, 8–10, 12, 17, 21, 44, 62, 66–

104, 155–56, 185, 187, 297, 313n1.

72, 205–7, 212–14, 228, 238–39,

See also
black Americans; civil rights

241, 308; SDS, 23–24, 30, 37, 47–

movement; Jews

51, 55; suicide, 97; UFF white, 298–

RAF.
See
Rote Armee Fraktion/Red Army

99; Weatherman, 7–12, 17, 21, 38,

Faction (RAF)

44, 50–62, 72, 75–79, 84–85, 89–

rape, political, 163

91, 102–9, 113, 119, 128, 153–66,

Raskin, Jonah, 161, 292, 327n109

171–73, 177–94, 203, 294, 295,

Raspe, Jan-Carl, 215; death, 198, 222,

308–9; working class and, 7, 22,

230, 234, 306; trial, 197, 234,

46–51, 53, 55, 61–62, 67, 68, 77–

266–67

78, 104, 156, 214, 294.
See also

RAT: Subterranean News,
78, 98

anti-imperialism; internationalism;

Raulet, Nais, 57–58, 59, 60–61

New Left; Third World revolutions

Reagan, Ronald, 309, 316n19,

Revolutionary Youth Movement (RYM),

358n33

46–49, 57, 321n113.
See also

reality: American New Left and, 75,

Weatherman

390

Index

Revolutionary Youth Movement II (RYM

268, 278–81, 301–5, 347n114,

II), 55, 81, 84, 104, 321n113; and

348n119; optimism, 290–91, 308–

Days of Rage, 61; defunct, 103,

9; organizational structure, 302;

327n102; at Flint, 158; nonviolence,

prison, 11, 196–98, 210, 216–35,

61, 103

239, 243, 245, 252–55, 259, 267–

Revolution in the Revolution?
(Debray),

72, 303–8, 343n3, 347n114; and

56–57

reality, 17, 229, 233, 307; safe

Riemeck, Renate, 41, 308

houses, 72, 267–68; Schleyer kid-

riots: antiwar demonstrations and, 142,

napping, 11, 197–98, 226, 234–

145, 147; blacks, 22, 36; Chicago

35, 241, 252, 258, 278–80, 284–86,

8 charges, 77, 82–83, 94, 176;

288, 342–43n2, 347n94, 348n117,

after Chicago 8 convictions, 178;

355n79; second tier, 252; state as-

Haymarket, 76; Stonewall, 149;

sault on, 14–15, 254–89; as symbol,

Weatherman Days of Rage charged

2, 198–200, 206, 228–29; violence,

as, 128–29, 153, 159, 176, 297;

6–18, 21, 38–44, 65, 70, 194, 201–

Yippie, 147

53, 301–6, 310–11, 314n3, 359n59;

robberies: Brinks (1981), 193–94, 299,

Weatherman compared, 10–18, 21,

300–301, 342n217; J2M, 236; RAF,

290–91, 308–9; “We Must Search

64, 203, 207; UFF, 298, 299, 300

for Something New,” 305.
See also

Robbins, Terry, 46–47, 76, 173–74, 180,

attorneys, RAF

182, 183

Rote Hilfe, 213, 218, 231, 232, 268

Rohrmoser, Günter, 200

Roth, Robert, 28, 157; arrest, 333n13;

Rohwedder, Detlev, 305

Columbia, 28, 29–30; and Flint,

Rolling Stones, 169

166; police violence, 153–54;

Rommel, Manfred, 230

prisoner advocacy, 300; and racism,

Rosenberg, Susan, 300

28, 29–30, 54; and townhouse

Rossinow, Doug, 86–87, 89

explosion, 192–93; and WUO, 294

Rota Zora,
359n45

Rubin, Jerry: demonstrations, 26–27,

ROTC buildings, student attacks on,

117; Manson visit, 335n65; and

131, 178

New Left’s competitiveness, 168;

Rote Armee Fraktion/Red Army Faction

and New Man, 168, 337n98; as

(RAF), 2–21, 44, 62–73, 196–253,

outsider, 164, 169

301–8, 310; anti-imperialism, 7,

Rudd, Mark: Columbia rebellion (1968),

10, 66–69, 72, 211–13, 220–27,

335n76; and Hampton, 77; indicted,

235–36, 245, 251, 301, 346n89;

339n164; J. J. letter to, 182; on

“Aprilerklärung” (RAF), 305–6,

revolution, 56, 160; SDS officer,

315n14; arsons, 20, 41–42, 62–63,

49–50

201–8, 247–48; Baader-Meinhof

Ruhland, Karl-Heinz, 239, 349n136

Gang, 65; bombings, 11, 20, 39–40,

Rusk, Dean, 27

196, 198, 207–15, 233, 245, 250–

RYM.
See
Revolutionary Youth

51, 255, 301–2, 306–7, 345nn44,45,

Movement

359n59; cease-fire (1992), 305–6,

359n59; “The Concept of the Urban

sacrifice, 92, 93, 102, 170, 347n99;

Guerrilla” (Meinhof ), 68, 200, 206–

blacks, 12; RAF, 8, 73, 229, 230,

7; cost of pursuing, 346n81; criti-

241, 250; Schleyer, 278, 279–80,

cized by other German leftists, 212–

281, 285; Vietnamese, 12, 73, 123;

14, 359n48; end of (1998), 11, 306,

Weatherman, 8, 73, 96–97, 123.

307–8; formation (1970), 11, 20,

See also
martyrdom

62–66; as Hitler’s children, 13, 199,

Sale, Kirkpatrick, 37, 79, 159, 339n150

200, 250, 280; ideology, 43–44,

San Francisco Diggers, 38

65–68, 71, 73, 274; May Offensive

San Francisco Mime Troupe, 38, 91

(1972), 196, 199, 209–14, 245;

San Francisco State College, 30

militancy, 8–9, 67–68, 205–6, 245–

Santner, Eric, 246–47, 249, 250, 351n179

49; morality, 12, 13, 17, 18, 41, 43,

Sartre, Jean-Paul, 88, 102, 255, 268, 290

64, 73, 202–3, 207, 212, 233, 238–

Saxe, Susan, 178

44, 251–53; murders by, 11, 196–

Scanlan’s
magazine, 178

98, 204, 208–11, 223, 233–44, 263,

scapegoating, logic of, 169–70

Index

391

Schanoes, David, 85

and, 67, 68, 71, 200, 214, 230, 239,

Scharf, Kurt, 259

305; Marcuse and, 45; Old Left,

Scheel, Walter, 198, 278–82, 286

22; PLO, 69; SPD and, 31; utopian,

Scheerer, Sebastian, 199

73; Weatherman and, 50, 84, 157.

Schelm, Petra, 208, 210

See also
communism

Scheuerman, William, 284–85, 356n100

Socialist Patients Collective (SPK),

Schiller, Margrit, 72, 208, 231, 347n104;

Germany, 3, 72, 261

and Meinhof murder, 347n114; on

social movement theory, 18

prison conditions, 217, 223, 227;

social welfare, BPP, 155

and silence about Nazism, 32

Söhnlein, Horst, 62–63, 202

Schily, Otto, 265

Soul on Ice
(Cleaver), 163

Schleyer, Hanns Martin, 199, 200, 245,

Sozialistischer Deutscher Studentenbund

342–43n2; funeral, 278–82; kid-

(SDS), 31, 33, 39, 66, 69–70

napping, 11, 197–98, 226, 234–35,

Spain, guerrilla groups, 244

241, 252, 258, 278–80, 284–86,

Spangenberg, Henning, 217

288, 342–43n2, 347n94, 348n117,

SPD.
See
Social Democratic Party

355n79; murder of, 11, 198, 223,

Special Target Information Development

234, 238, 241, 243–44, 268, 278–

(SPECTAR) program, FBI, 296

81, 303; Nazism, 197, 199, 282,

Speital, Volker, 231–32

342–43n2

Der Spiegel:
Baader escape, 205; Bau-

Schlöndorf, Volker, 261

mann, 261, 262; Böll on Meinhof,

Schmid, Carlo, 276

208; prison conditions, 221; RAF

Schmid, Norbert, 208, 347n114

on its impact, 228; RAF prisoner

Schmidt, Helmut, 197–98, 278, 279–80,

interviews, 224, 268; on sympathiz-

285–87, 355n79

ers, 257, 259–60

Schmitt, Carl, 284–88, 356–37nn100,101

Spock, Benjamin, 148

Schmucker, Ulrich, 237, 239–40

Springer, Axel/Springer publications, 38–

Schneider, Peter, 219

41, 43, 208, 209–15, 245

Scripps-Howard News Service, 176

Stalinism, 47, 155, 166, 240

SDS.
See
Sozialistischer Deutscher

Starnes, Richard, 176, 338n135