Read Iron Curtain Online

Authors: Anne Applebaum

Iron Curtain (104 page)

     Hotel Lux in,
3.1
,
3.2
     meetings in,
9.1
,
9.2
,
12.1
     political trials,
3.1
,
5.1
,
12.1
,
12.2
;
see also
“Great Terror”/“Great Purges”
     public events,
8.1
,
18.1
     
Radio Moscow
     and Second World War,
6.1
,
8.1
     
see also
Soviet Union
“Moscow communists” (Moscow-trained communists in Eastern Europe),
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
4.1
,
8.1
,
13.1
,
14.1
     and Radio Free Europe,
11.1
,
11.2
,
18.1
Nagy, Father Töhötöm,
7.1
,
7.2
Nagy, Ferenc,
5.1
,
6.1
,
7.1
,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3
Nagy, Imre,
4.1
,
18.1
,
18.2
     and Hungary’s “New Course”,
18.1
,
18.2
,
18.3
,
18.4
,
18.5
,
18.6
Naimark, Norman,
2.1
,
4.1
“national fronts”:
see
“popular fronts”
Nazism
     concentration camps,
3.1
,
5.1
,
6.1
,
11.1
,
12.1
     ideology,
1.1
,
3.1
,
9.1
,
13.1
     
jokes about
     occupation of Eastern Europe,
1.1
,
2.1
,
5.1
,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
8.1
,
13.1
Neues Deutschland
(East German communist party’s official newspaper),
2.1
,
8.1
,
9.1
,
9.2
,
12.1
,
13.1
,
14.1
,
16.1
,
18.1
New York Times, The
,
2.1
,
18.1
NKVD (Soviet secret police, later KGB),
9.1
,
18.1
     and “Anglo-American agents”,
3.1
,
12.1
,
12.2
     mass arrests and show trials,
11.1
,
12.1
,
12.2
;
see also
“Great Terror”/“Great Purges”
     and “Moscow communists”,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
4.3
,
4.4
     persecutions and evictions in Eastern Europe,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3
,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
6.4
,
7.1
     and Polish Home Army,
5.1
,
5.2
,
8.1
     
and Stasi
     violence in Eastern Europe,
1.1
,
1.2
,
3.1
,
5.1
North Korea,
11.1
,
13.1
,
13.2
NSZ. s
ee
Polish National Armed Forces
October Revolution:
see
Russian Revolution
Oktogon murders (Budapest, June 1946),
7.1
,
7.2
Okulicki, General Leopold,
5.1
,
16.1
Orwell, George,
17.1
,
17.2
Osóbka-Morawski, Edward,
4.1
,
6.1
Palestine,
6.1
,
16.1
Panufnik, Andrzej,
5.1
,
16.1
,
16.2
Pax (Polish Catholic party),
11.1
,
16.1
People’s Tribune: see
Trybuna Ludu
Péter, Gábor,
4.1
,
4.2
,
6.1
,
12.1
Petkov, Nikola,
9.1
,
9.2
“Petőfi Circle” (earlier “Bessenyei Circle”),
18.1
,
18.2
,
18.3
Piasecki, Bolesław,
16.1
,
17.1
Picasso, Pablo,
14.1
,
16.1
Pieck, Wilhelm,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
4.1
,
7.1
,
9.1
,
10.1
,
14.1
,
14.2
,
16.1
Pioneers (Soviet and East European),
7.1
,
13.1
,
13.2
,
13.3
,
13.4
,
13.5
,
13.6
pogroms (anti-Semitic riots in Eastern Europe),
6.1
,
9.1
Poland
     and civil society organizations,
7.1
,
7.2
     communist propaganda in,
12.1
,
13.1
,
13.2
,
13.3
,
13.4
,
14.1
     creation of communist regime in,
4.1
,
4.2
     destruction and war reparations after Second World War,
1.1
,
1.2
,
1.3
,
2.1
,
2.2
     ethnic conflict in,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
6.4
     Nazi occupation of,
1.1
,
1.2
,
1.3
,
3.1
     and “New Course”,
3.1
,
18.1
,
18.2
,
18.3
     political and cultural opponents,
16.1
,
17.1
,
17.2
,
17.3
     reconstruction and Soviet industrialization in,
14.1
,
14.2
,
15.1
,
15.2
     and religious institutions,
11.1
,
11.2
,
11.3
,
11.4
,
11.5
,
17.1
     socialist reforms,
10.1
,
10.2
,
10.3
,
10.4
     Soviet mass imprisonments/executions,
3.1
,
5.1
,
12.1
,
12.2
     Soviet occupation of,
1.1
,
1.2
,
2.1
,
2.2
,
3.1
,
4.1
,
5.1
,
11.1
     Soviet violence in,
2.1
,
2.2
,
5.1
,
6.1
;
see also
Katyń Forest massacre
     
see also
Home Army
;
Warsaw
Polish army (after 1945),
2.1
,
5.1
,
6.1
,
6.2
,
11.1
,
12.1
,
12.2
,
17.1
,
18.1
Polish Bureau for the Reconstruction of the Capital (BOS),
14.1
,
14.2
Polish Bureau for Supervision of Production Aesthetics (BNEP),
14.1
,
14.2
,
14.3
Polish communist party (
also
PPR and PZPR),
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
3.4
,
4.1
,
5.1
,
5.2
,
6.1
,
6.2
,
9.1
,
9.2
,
10.1
,
12.1
,
18.1
Polish Education Ministry,
7.1
,
7.2
,
10.1
,
13.1
,
17.1
Polish government-in-exile (London),
4.1
,
4.2
,
5.1
,
5.2
,
9.1
,
9.2
,
11.1
,
16.1
;
see also
Home Army
Polish Institute of National Memory,
1.1
,
6.1
Polish Ministry of Culture,
14.1
,
14.2
Polish National Liberation Committee,
4.1
,
4.2
,
8.1
,
9.1
Polish “Peasants’ Party” (phony party, replacing PSL),
9.1
,
9.2
Polish Peasants’ Party (PSL),
4.1
,
8.1
,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3
,
11.1
,
16.1
Polish Provisional Government of National Unity,
9.1
,
14.1
;
see also
Lublin provisional government
Polish Radio,
8.1
,
17.1
     “Radio Honeybee” (Radio Pszczółka),
8.1
,
8.2
     Raszyn transmitters (Warsaw suburb),
8.1
,
8.2
Polish scouting movement (
also
Szare Szeregi, Grey Ranks),
7.1
,
17.1
Polish Security Service (SB),
4.1
,
5.1
,
6.1
,
8.1
,
9.1
,
9.2
,
11.1
,
12.1
,
18.1
Polish Social Democratic Party,
9.1
,
9.2
,
11.1
Polish Union of Fighting Youth (ZWM),
7.1
,
9.1
Polish United Workers’ Party (PZPR):
see
Polish communist party
Polish Workers’ Party (PPR):
see
Polish communist party
Polkehn, Klaus,
16.1
,
18.1
,
18.2
Polska Niezawisła
(
Independent Poland
, newspaper),
5.1
Polska YMCA (Polish section of Young Men’s Christian Association),
7.1
,
7.2
,
7.3
Pomian, Krzysztof,
13.1
,
16.1
,
17.1
,
18.1
“popular fronts” (1930s, also “national fronts”),
3.1
,
3.2
Potsdam Conference (June–July 1945),
2.1
,
2.2
,
5.1
,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
6.4

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