Churchill's Empire: The World That Made Him and the World He Made (70 page)

61
John Campbell,
F. E. Smith, First Earl of Birkenhead
, Jonathan Cape, London, 1983, p. 516.

62
Lord Birkenhead to Lord Reading, 5 March 1925, quoted ibid., p. 734.

63
WSC, draft memoirs, CV V, part 1, p. 1432.

64
WSC,
Great Contemporaries
[first published by Thornton Butterworth, London, 1937], CW, vol. XVI, p. 110.

65
WSC, ‘The Palestine Crisis’,
Sunday Times
, 22 Sept. 1929, in
The Collected Essays of Sir Winston Churchill
, ed. Michael Wolff, 4 vols., Library of Imperial History, London, 1976, vol. II, pp. 168–71, quotation at 169.

66
WSC, ‘Will the British Empire Last?’,
Answers
, 26 Oct. 1929, ibid., pp. 172–5, quotation at 175.

67
Kenneth Young (ed.),
The Diaries of Sir Bruce Lockhart
, vol I:
1915–1938
, Macmillan, London, 1973, p. 132 (entry for 23 Oct. 1930).

68
On the collapse of free trade culture in Britain at this time see Frank Trentmann,
Free Trade Nation: Commerce, Consumption, and Civil Society in Modern Britain
, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2008, chs 4–7.

69
Baldwin to J. C. C. Davidson, 13 Nov. 1930, CV V, part 2, p. 222.

70
Speech of 11 Dec. 1930.

71
WSC to Abe Bailey, 19 Dec. 1930, Churchill Papers, CHAR 2/169/64.

72
John Barnes and David Nicholson (eds.),
The Empire at Bay: The Leo Amery Diaries, 1929–1945
, Hutchinson, London, 1988, p. 146 (entry for 30 Jan. 1931).

73
Speech of 23 Feb. 1931.

74
Speech of 18 March 1931.

75
Speech of 11 Dec. 1930.

76
MKG, ‘The Loin-Cloth’,
Young India
, 30 April 1931, in
Collected Works
, 100 vols., Government of India Publications Division, New Delhi, 1960–94, vol. XLVI, pp. 54–6.

77
WSC to Clementine Churchill, 26 Feb. 1931, in Mary Soames (ed.),
Speaking for Themselves: The Personal Letters of Winston and Clementine Churchill
, Doubleday, London, 1998, p. 354.

78
Lord Halifax,
Fulness of Days
, Collins, London, 1957, p. 151.

79
Austen Chamberlain to Hilda Chamberlain, 7 March 1931, in Robert Self (ed.),
The Correspondence of Sir Austen Chamberlain with His Sisters Hilda and Ida, 1916–1937
, Cambridge University Press for the Royal Historical Society, Cambridge, 1995, p. 365.

80
‘Indian Affairs in London’,
Statesman
, 20 March 1931.

81
Both quoted in ‘Note on the Press: United Provinces of Agra and Oudh’, 12 (of 1931: week ending 21 March), IOR/L/R/5/99.

82
‘St George’s for England’,
Times of India
, 21 March 1931.

83
Harcourt Butler,
India Insistent
, London, Heinemann, 1931, p. vii.

84
Arnold Gyde to Harcourt Butler, 24 Aug. 1931, Harcourt Butler Papers, MS Eur. F116/86.

85
WSC, ‘India Insistent’,
Daily Mail
, 7 Sept. 1931, in
Collected Essays
, vol. II, pp. 228–32, quotation at 228.

86
Quoted in ‘Note on the Press: United Provinces of Agra and Oudh’, 36 (of 1931: week ending 5 September), IOR/L/R/5/99.

87
MKG, interview to Associated Press, 11 Sept. 1931, in
Collected Works
, vol. XLVII, p. 418.

88
MKG, interview to the press, 12 Sept. 1931, in
Collected Works
, vol. XLVIII, p. 7.

89
Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons, 5th Series, vol. 259, 20 Nov. 1931, col. 1198.

90
Ibid., vol. 260, 3 Dec. 1931, col. 1300.

91
Samuel Hoare to Lord Willingdon, 3 Dec. 1931, CV V, part 2, p. 381.

92
Speech of 25 May 1932, ibid., p. 435.

93
Speech of 29 Sept. 1931.

94
Barnes and Nicolson,
Empire at Bay
, p. 384 (entry for 19 July 1934); Addison,
Churchill on the Home Front
, p. 306.

95
Amery to Hoare, 1 June 1934, IOR/L/PO/11/14, f. 75.

96
David Reynolds,
In Command of History: Churchill Fighting and Writing the Second World War
, Allen Lane, London, 2004, p. 105.

97
‘Proposals for Indian constitutional reform’, Cmd. 4268, March 1933.

98
Ian St John, ‘Writing to the Defence of Empire: Winston Churchill’s Press Campaign against Constitutional Reform in India, 1929–35’, in Chandrika Kaul (ed.),
Media and the British Empire
, Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2006, pp. 104–24.

99
D. J. Wenden, ‘Churchill, Radio, and Cinema’, in Robert Blake and Wm. Roger Louis (eds.),
Churchill
, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1993, pp. 215–39, at 219.

100
Robert Rhodes James (ed.),
Memoirs of a Conservative: J. C. C. Davidson’s Memoirs and Papers, 1910–37
, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London, 1969, p. 384.

101
As related in J. H. Morgan to A. C. Murray, 4 Dec. 1949, quoted in Paul Addison,
Churchill: The Unexpected Hero
, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2005, p. 134. Emphasis in original.

102
Lord Croft,
My Life of Strife
, Hutchinson, London, 1949, p. 224.

103
Lord Derby to Lord Lloyd, 18 June 1934, George Lloyd Papers, 19/5.

104
Rhodes James,
Memoirs of a Conservative
, p. 385.

105
Cazalet diary, 19 April 1933, in Rhodes James,
Victor Cazalet: A Portrait
, p. 154.

106
R. A. Butler to Lord Brabourne, 22 March, 1934, Brabourne Papers, MSS Eur. F97/20C, ff. 206–8.

107
Rhodes James,
Memoirs of a Conservative
, p. 385.

108
WSC to Hoare, 5 April 1933, CV V, part 2, p. 566.

109
Hoare to Willingdon, 6 April 1933, ibid., p. 567.

110
‘Indian Constitutional Reform’,
The Times
, 3 Nov. 1933.

111
‘Joint Committee on Indian Constitutional Reform’, p. 1810.

112
‘Mr Churchill’s Message’,
The Times
, 28 Oct. 1922; G. D. Birla to MKG, 25 Aug. 1935, CV V, part 2, p. 1244.

113
‘Joint Committee on Indian Constitutional Reform’, p. 1776.

114
R. H. A. Carter, ‘Note on some points in Mr Churchill’s Memorandum’, 21 Oct. 1933, IOR/L/PO/6/82.

115
Both quoted in ‘Mr Churchill’s Views on India’,
The Times
, 28 Oct. 1933. Similarly, see ‘Mr Churchill’s “Four Conditions” ’,
Star of India
, 28 Oct. 1933.

116
‘India in Our Politics’,
The Times
, 30 Oct. 1933.

117
‘Joint Committee on Indian Constitutional Reform’, p. 1843.

118
Quoted in ‘Mr Churchill’s Views on India’,
The Times
, 28 Oct. 1933.

119
‘India in Our Politics’,
The Times
, 30 Oct. 1933.

120
George Stanley to Lord Stonehaven, 9 Aug. 1933, Baldwin Papers, vol. 16, ff. 135–6.

121
Victor Cazalet to Baldwin, 30 Jan. 1934, CV V, part 2, p. 715. Emphasis in original.

122
Brabourne to Hoare, 30 April 1934, Templewood Papers, VII/4, f. 83.

123
Telegram from Delhi to London, 18 April 1934, enclosed with letter of the same date from Geoffrey Dawson to Hoare, IOR/L/PO/11/14, ff. 150–1.

124
Thomas Jones diary, 28 April 1934, Thomas Jones Papers, Class Z.

125
For the debate see Andrew Muldoon, ‘ “An Unholy Row in Lancashire”: The Textile Lobby, Conservative Politics, and Indian Policy, 1931–1935’,
Twentieth Century British History
, 14 (2003), pp. 93–111, and Martin Pugh, ‘Lancashire, Cotton, and Indian Reform: Conservative Controversies in the 1930s’,
Twentieth Century British History
, 15 (2004), pp. 143–51.

126
‘Report of the Committee of Privileges’, 6 June 1934, HMSO, London, 1934.

127
Carl Bridge, ‘Churchill, Hoare, Derby and the Committee of Privileges, April to June 1934’,
Historical Journal
, 22 (1979), pp. 215–27.

128
See Marguerite Dupree (ed.),
Lancashire and Whitehall: The Diary of Raymond Streat
, vol. I:
1931–39
, Manchester University Press, Manchester, 1987, p. 329 (entry for 4 May 1934).

129
See WSC, ‘My Fight For Lancashire’,
Sunday Despatch
, 1 July 1934, in
Collected Essays
, vol. II, pp. 344–7.

130
Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons, 5th Series, vol. 290, 13 June 1934, col. 1738.

131
‘The Privilege Report’,
The Times
, 14 June 1934.

132
Randolph Churchill, address to the electors, 1 Feb. 1935, Randolph Churchill Papers 5/10.

133
Broadcast of 30 Jan. 1935, CV V, part 2, p. 1058 and n. 1 (see also n. 134); ‘The India Bill: Mr Churchill’s Criticism’,
The Times
, 30 Jan. 1935.