An Inca Account of the Conquest of Peru

An Inca Account of
the Conquest of Peru
by Titu Cusi Yupanqui
An Inca Account of
the Conquest of Peru
by Titu Cusi Yupanqui

TRANSLATED, INTRODUCED, AND ANNOTATED BY
Ralph Bauer

UNIVERSITY PRESS OF COLORADO

© 2005 by the University Press of Colorado

Published by the University Press of Colorado
5589 Arapahoe Avenue, Suite 206C
Boulder, Colorado 80303

All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America

The University Press of Colorado is a proud member of the Association of American University Presses.

The University Press of Colorado is a cooperative publishing enterprise supported, in part, by Adams State College, Colorado State University, Fort Lewis College, Mesa State College, Metropolitan State College of Denver, University of Colorado, University of Northern Colorado, and Western State College of Colorado.

The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials. ANSI Z39.48-1992

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Yupangui, Diego de Castro, titu cussi, 16th cent.
  [Relación de la conquista del Perú. English]
   An Inca account of the Conquest of Peru / by titu cusi Yupanqui ; translated,
introduced, and annotated by Ralph Bauer.
        p. cm.
  Includes bibliographical references and index.
    ISBN 0-87081-807-4 (hardcover : alk. paper) — ISBN 0-87081-821-X (pbk. :
alk. paper)
    1. Peru—History—Conquest, 1522–1548. 2. Peru—History—1548–1820. I.
Bauer, Ralph. II. Title.
    F3442.Y85 2005
    985'.02—dc22
                                                                                                             2005006829

Design by Daniel Pratt

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For Grace

Contents

List of Illustrations

Acknowledgments

Chronology

Introduction

Translation of Titu Cusi Yupanqui's Account

Bibliography

Glossary of Quechua and Spanish Terms Appearing in the Text

Index

Illustrations

1. Map of Tahuantinsuyu. From Moseley,
The Incas and
Their Ancestors

2. Huascar Inca (the Twelfth Inca) is taken prisoner by
Atahuallpa's generals

3. Atahuallpa meets Francisco Pizarro, the priest Vicente de
Valverde, and the translator Felipillo. From Guaman Poma de
Ayala,
Nueva corónica y buen gobierno

4. Atahuallpa is executed by the Spaniards. From Guaman
Poma de Ayala,
Nueva corónica y buen gobierno

5. A
quipucamayoc
interpreting quipus. From Guaman Poma de
Ayala,
Nueva corónica y buen gobierno

6. The newly reigning Manco Inca in his ceremonial throne
in Cuzco. From Guaman Poma de Ayala,
Nueva corónica y
buen gobierno

7. St. James the Great, Apostle of Christ, intervenes in the
war for Cuzco. From Guaman Poma de Ayala,
Nueva corónica
y buen gobierno

8. Frontispiece of Domingo Santo Tomás's
Lexicon o Vocabulario
(1560)

Acknowledgments

I would like to thank the staff of the Real Biblioteca del Monasterio San Lorenzo del Escorial, particularly José Luis del Valle Merino and Teodoro Alonso Turienzo, for permitting me to inspect the original manuscript of Titu Cusi's
Instrucción
and the staff of the Biblioteca del Palacio Real in Madrid, particularly Valentín Moreno and Pilar Uguiua, for their helpfulness in permitting me to produce a photocopy of the microfilm copy of the text. I also want to thank my colleague Regina Harrison for her patience and helpfulness in answering my questions. Thanks finally to K. Lane and the anonymous reader for University Press of Colorado for their invaluable comments, as well as to Darrin Pratt and Laura Furney for their patience and encouragement.

Chronology

ca. 1100

Manco Capac founds Cuzco

ca. 1438

Birth of Inca Urco

1438–1471

Life of Inca Pachacuti

1471–1493

Life of Topa Inca

1493

Birth of Huayna Capac

1521

Hernando Cortés conquers México-Tenochtitlan

1524

Death of Huayna Capac; partition of empire between Huascar and Atahuallpa

1530

Francisco Pizarro enters Inca territory

1532

Atahuallpa's victory over Huascar in civil war

1533 (January)

Pizarro captures Atahuallpa in Caxamarca

1533 (July)

Execution of Atahuallpa

1533 (July–November)

Coronation and death of Topa Huallpa

1533 (December)

Coronation of Manco Inca in Cuzco

1535

Francisco Pizarro founds Lima

1536

Siege of Cuzco by Manco Inca's forces

1537

Removal to Vilcabamba

1541 (July)

Assassination of Francisco Pizarro by loyalists of Diego de Almagro

1545

Assassination of Manco Inca; succession of Saire Topa

1546 (January)

Gonzalo Pizarro rebels against authority of the crown and assassinates the first viceroy of Peru, Blasco Núñez Vela

1551

Antonio de Mendoza is appointed second viceroy of Peru

1554

Petition of Peruvian encomenderos for perpetuity of the encomienda

1556

The emperor Charles V steps down; his son Philip II is crowned emperor

1556 (June)

Andrés Hurtado de Mendoza, Marquis of Cañete, is appointed third viceroy of Peru

1556 (October)

Saire Topa accepts Spanish proposal to give up residency at Vilcabamba and remove to Cuzco

1560

Death of Saire Topa in Cuzco

1560

Coronation of Titu Cusi Yupanqui in Vilcabamba

1561

Arrival of the Count of Nieva as fourth viceroy of Peru

1564

The licenciate García de Castro arrives in Lima as president of audiencia

1568

Titu Cusi is baptized at Vilcabamba

1569

Arrival of fifth viceroy of Peru, Francisco de Toledo

1570

Fray Marcos García, Diego Ortiz, and Martín de Pando arrive at Vilcabamba; redaction of Titu Cusi's account

1571

Death of Titu Cusi Yupanqui and succession of Topa Amaru

1572

Spanish invasion of Vilcabamba; execution of Topa Amaru on orders of viceroy Francisco de Toledo

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