Wired for Story: The Writer's Guide to Using Brain Science to Hook Readers from the Very First Sentence (38 page)

1.
Pinker,
How the Mind Works
285 (see introduction, n. 4).

2.
Ibid., 290.

3.
Gazzaniga,
Human
, 286 (see introduction, n. 1).

4.
Damasio,
Self Comes to Mind
, 188 (see ch. 1. n. 4).

5.
V. S. Ramachandran,
The Tell-Tale Brain: A Neuroscientist’s Quest for What Makes Us Human
(New York: W.W. Norton, 2011), 242.

6.
Damasio,
Self Comes to Mind
, 121.

7.
Ibid., 46–47.

8.
G. Lakoff, “Metaphor, Morality, and Politics, Or, Why Conservatives Have Left Liberals In The Dust,”
Social Research
62, no. 2 (Summer 1995): 177–214.

9.
Pinker,
How the Mind Works
, 353.

10.
J. Geary, “Metaphorically Speaking,” TEDGlobal 2009, July 2009, transcript and video,
http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/eng/james
_geary_metaphorically_speaking.html
.

11.
Aristotle.
Poetics
(Witch Books, 2011), 53.

12.
E. Brown,
The Weird Sisters
(New York: Amy Einhorn Books/Putnam, 2011), 71.

13.
NPR, “Tony Bennett’s Art of Intimacy,” September 16, 2011,
http://www.npr.org/2011/10/29/141798505/tony-bennetts-art-of-intimacy
.

14.
Heath and Heath,
Made to Stick
, 139 (see ch. 3, n. 16).

15.
E. Leonard,
Elmore Leonard’s 10 Rules of Writing
(New York: William Morrow, 2007), 61.

16.
Pinker,
How the Mind Works
, 377.

17.
G. G. Marquez,
Love in the Time of Cholera
(New York: Vintage Books, 2007), 6.

1.
Damasio,
Self Comes to Mind
, 292 (see ch. 1, n. 4).

2.
Lehrer,
How We Decide
, 210 (see ch. 1, n. 9).

3.
Wilson,
Strangers to Ourselves
, 155 (see ch. 1, n. 1).

4.
B. Patoine, “Desperately Seeking Sensation: Fear, Reward, and the Human Need for Novelty,” The Dana Foundation,
http://www.dana.org/media/detail.aspx?id=23620
.

5.
Restak,
The Naked Brain
, 216 (see ch. 1, n. 2).

6.
E. Kross et al., “Social Rejection Shares Somatosensory Representations with Physical Pain,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 108, no. 15 (April 12, 2011): 6270–6275.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3076808
.

7.
J. Mercer, “Ac-cent-tchu-ate the Positive (Mister In-Between),” by J. Mercer and H. Arlen, October 4, 1944,
Over the Rainbow
, Capitol Records.

8.
Damasio,
Self Comes to Mind
, 54.

9.
Gazzaniga,
Human
, 188–89 (see introduction, n. 1).

10.
D. Rock and J. Schwartz, “The Neuroscience of Leadership with David Rock and Jeffrey Schwartz,”
Strategy + Business
, webinar, November 2, 2006,
http://www.strategy-business.com/webinars/webinar/webinar-neuro_lead?gko=37c54
.

1.
J. P. Wright,
The Skeptical Realism of David Hume
(Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1983), 209.

2.
Damasio,
Self Comes to Mind
, 133 (see ch. 1, n. 4).

3.
Gazzaniga,
Human
, 262 (see introduction, n. 1).

4.
K. Schulz, “On Being Wrong,” TED2011, March 2011, transcript and video,
http://www.ted.com/talks/kathryn_schulz_on_being_wrong.html
.

5.
Damasio,
Self Comes to Mind
, 173.

6.
Boyd,
On the Origin of Stories
, 89 (see ch. 1, n. 8).

7.
L. Neary, “Jennifer Egan Does Avant-Garde Fiction—Old School,” NPR, Morning Edition, July 6, 2010,
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=128702628
.

8.
A. Chrisafis, “Overlong, Overrated, and Unmoving: Roddy Doyle’s Verdict on James Joyce’s Ulysses,”
The Guardian
, February 10, 2004,
http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2004/feb/10/booksnews.ireland
.

9.
J. Franzen, “Q. & A. Having Difficulty with Difficulty,”
New Yorker
Online Only, September 30, 2002.

10.
A. S. Byatt, “Narrate or Die,”
New York Times Magazine
, April 18, 1999, 105–107.

11.
Neary, “Jennifer Egan.”

12.
For the original translation of this phrase from Chekhov’s letter to his brother, see W. H. Bruford,
Anton Chekhov
(New Haven, CT: Bowes and Bowes, 1957), 26.

13.
Boyd,
On the Origin of Stories
, 91.

14.
Damasio,
Self Comes to Mind
, 211.

15.
The Isaiah Berlin Literary Trust, “Anton Chekhov,” The Isaiah Berlin Virtual Library, 2011, quoted from S. Shchukin,
Memoirs
, 1911,
http://berlin.wolf.ox.ac.uk/lists/quotations/quotations_by_ib.html
.

16.
D. Gilbert, “He Who Cast the First Stone Probably Didn’t,”
New York Times
, July 24, 2006, The Opinion Pages.

17.
M. Twain,
The Complete Letters of Mark Twain
(Teddington, UK: Echo Library, 2007), 415.

18.
J. Boswell,
The Life of Samuel Johnson
(New York: Oxford University Press USA, 1998), 528.

1.
Restak,
The Naked Brain
, 216 (see ch. 1, n. 2).

2.
R. I. M. Dunbar, “Why Are Good Writers So Rare? An Evolutionary Perspective on Literature,”
Journal of Cultural and Evolutionary Psychology
, 3, no. 1 (2005): 7–21.

3.
Gazzaniga,
Human
, 220 (see introduction, n. 1).

4.
Pinker,
How the Mind Works
, 541 (see introduction, n. 4).

5.
R. A. Mar et al., “The Function of Fiction Is the Abstraction and Simulation of Social Experience,”
Perspectives on Psychological Science
3, no. 3 (2008): 173–192.

6.
P. Sturges,
Five Screenplays by Preston Sturges
(Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1986), 541.

7.
Schulz,
Being Wrong
, 26 (see ch. 8, n. 4).

8.
H. Vendler,
Dickinson: Selected Poems and Commentaries
(Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2010), 54.

9.
Eagleman,
Incognito
, 145 (see ch. 1, n. 3).

10.
J. W. Pennebaker, “Traumatic Experience and Psychosomatic Disease: Exploring the Roles of Behavioural Inhibition, Obsession, and Confiding,”
Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne
26, no. 2 (1985): 82–95.

11.
Damasio,
Self Comes to Mind
, 121 (see ch. 1, n. 4).

12.
Pinker,
How the Mind Works
, 540.

13.
P. McGilligan,
Backstory: Interviews with Screenwriters of Hollywood’s Golden Age
(Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1986), 238.

14.
T. Carlyle,
The Best Known Works of Thomas Carlyle: Including Sartor Resartus, Heroes and Hero Worship and Characteristics
(Rockville, MD: Wildside Press, 2010), 122.

15.
Plutarch,
Plutarch’s Lives, Volume 3
(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1967), 399.

16.
C. G. Jung,
Alchemical Studies
(
Collected Works of C. G. Jung
, vol. 13) (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1983), 278.

1.
Boyd,
On the Origin of Stories
, 89 (see ch. 1, n. 8).

2.
S. J. Gould,
Bully for Brontosaurus: Reflections in Natural History
(New York: W. W. Norton, 1991), 268.

3.
Damasio,
Self Comes to Mind
, 64 (see ch. 1, n. 4).

4.
Gazzaniga,
Human
, 226 (see introduction, n. 1).

5.
Heath and Heath,
Made to Stick
, 286 (see ch. 3, n. 16).

6.
D. Rock and J. Schwartz, “The Neuroscience of Leadership with David Rock and Jeffrey Schwartz,”
Strategy + Business
, webinar, November 2, 2006,
http://www.strategy-business.com/webinars/webinar/webinar-neuro_lead?gko=37c54
.

7.
R. Chandler,
Raymond Chandler Speaking
(Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press, 1997), 65.

8.
A. Gorlick, “Media Multitaskers Pay Mental Price, Stanford Study Shows,”
Stanford
Report, August 24, 2009,
http://news.stanford.edu/news/2009/august24/multitask-research-study-082409
.

9.
Boyd,
On the Origin of Stories
, 90.

10.
J. Stuart and S. E. de Souza,
Die Hard
, directed by J. McTiernan. Silver Pictures and Gordon Company, 20th Century Fox, 1988.

11.
C. Leavitt,
Girls in Trouble
(New York: St. Martin’s Griffin, 2005), 98.

1.
S. B. Klein et al., “Decisions and the Evolution of Memory: Multiple Systems, Multiple Functions,”
University of California, Santa Barbara Psychological Review
109, no. 2 (2002): 306–329.

2.
Damasio,
Self Comes to Mind
, 211 (see ch. 1, n. 4).

3.
Gazzaniga,
Human
, 187–88 (see introduction, n. 1).

4.
Ibid., 224.

5.
Pinker,
How the Mind Works
, 540 (see introduction, n. 4).

6.
D. Chase, R. Green, and M. Burgess, “All Due Respect,”
The Sopranos
, season 5, episode 13, directed by J. Patterson, aired June 6, 2004 (HBO, Chase Films, and Brad Grey Television).

7.
Lehrer,
How We Decide
, 237 (see ch. 1, n. 9).

8.
N. Bransford, “Setting the Pace,” March 5, 2007,
http://blog.nathanbransford.com/2007/03/setting-pace.html
.

9.
Boyd,
On the Origin of Stories
, 90 (see ch. 1, n. 8).

10.
G. Lucas, G. Katz, and W. Huyck,
American Graffiti
, directed by G. Lucas. American Zoetrope and LucasFilm, Universal Pictures, 1973.

11.
W. Mosley,
Fear Itself
(New York: Little, Brown & Company, 2003), 140.

12.
Gazzaniga,
Human
, 190.

1.
Restak,
Naked Brain
, 23 (see ch. 1, n. 2).

2.
P. C. Fletcher et al., “On the Benefits of Not Trying: Brain Activity and Connectivity Reflecting the Interactions of Explicit and Implicit Sequence Learning,”
Cerebral Cortex
15, no. 7 (2005): 1002–1015.

3.
Restak,
Naked Brain
, 23.

4.
H. A. Simon,
Models of Bounded Rationality, Vol 3: Empirically Grounded Economic Reason
(Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1997), 178.

5.
Damasio,
Self Comes to Mind
, 275 (see ch. 1, n. 4).

6.
J. Irving,
Trying to Save Piggy Sneed
(New York: Arcade Publishing, 1996), 5.

7.
S. Silverstein,
Not Much Fun: The Lost Poems of Dorothy Parker
(New York: Scribner, 2009), 47.

8.
Dunbar, Why Are Good Writers So Rare? (see ch. 9, n. 2).

9.
Based on a concurring opinion by Justice P. Stewart, Jacobellis v. Ohio, 378 U.S. 184 (1964).

10.
D. G. Dutton et al., “Some Evidence for Heightened Sexual Attraction under Conditions of High Anxiety,”
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
30, no. 4 (1974): 510–517.

11.
A. O. Scott, “ ‘Da Vinci Code’ Enters Yawning,”
New York Times
, May 17, 2006,
http://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/17/arts/17iht-review.1767919.html?scp=7&sq=goldsman%20da%20vinci%20brown&st=cse
.

12.
D. Stevens,
Slate
, March 22, 2005,
http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/surfergirl/2005/03/what_have_you
_done_with_my_office.single.html#pagebreak_anchor_2
.

13.
M. Cervantes Saavedra,
The Life And Exploits of the Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote De La Mancha
, vol. 2 (Charleston, SC: Nabu Press, 2011), 104.

14.
Wikipedia, s.v. “Michael Arndt,” accessed October 25, 2011,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Arndt
.

15.
A. Thompson, “ ‘Closet screenwriter’ Arndt Comes into Light,”
Hollywood Reporter
, November 17, 2006.

16.
J. London, “Getting into Print,”
The Editor
, March 1903.

17.
B. Strickland, ed.,
On Being a Writer
(Cincinnati, OH: Writers Digest Books, 1992).

18.
Eagleman,
Incognito
(see ch. 1, n. 3).