The China-Pakistan Axis: Asia's New Geopolitics (60 page)

Mazar-e-Sharif, Afghanistan
127

Mecca, Saudi Arabia
69
,
71

Médecins Sans Frontières
136

Medeiros, Evan
187

Mediterranean Sea
1
,
105

Mehran Naval Base, Karachi
115
,
154

Mehsud, Abdullah
110
–
11

Mehsud, Baitullah
89
,
90
,
146

Meng Jianzhu
177

Mes Aynak, Afghanistan
138

MiG 21s
126

mining
108
,
115
,
118
–
21
,
132
,
135
,
137
–
9
,
141
–
2
,
159

Mintaka pass
21
,
107

Mir Ali, North Waziristan
146

Mirs
21

missiles
28
,
40
–
3
,
44
,
64
,
107
,
125
–
6
,
128
,
134

Mizoram
77

Model of State-to-State Relations
,
A
186

Modi, Narenda
65

Mohamadi, Joma Mohammad
117
–
18

Mohan, Raja
45

Mongolia
69

Muhammad, Prophet of Islam
40

mujahideen
xi
,
35
,
57
,
72
,
74
–
5
,
77
–
9
,
118
,
123
–
6
,
136
,
183

Mukhtar, Chaudhry Ahmed
104

Mullen, Michael
138

Mumbai, India
170

Musharraf, Pervez
x
,
xii
,
xiii
,
xiv
,
57
–
8
,
59
,
62
,
84
,
93
,
98
,
101
,
110
–
11
,
113
,
114
,
131
,
132
,
151
,
166

Muslim Khan
113
,
114

Mustafa, Ghulam
171

Myanmar
170
,
183
;
see also
Burma

Nagaland
77

Nairobi, Kenya
44
,
127

Najibullah, Mohammad
126
,
127

Namangani, Juma
75
–
6
,
83

Nanga Parbat, Gilgit-Baltistan
172
–
3

Nangarhar, Afghanistan
129

Naqvi, Syed Ali Zamin
35

narcotics
135

National Board for Scientific Research (Libya)
27

National Command Authority (Pakistan)
29

National Crisis Management Cell (Pakistan)
111

National Security Council (United States)
125

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
36
,
79
,
125
,
139
,
150
,
152

natural gas
69

Naxalites
77

Nehru, Jawaharlal
21
,
22
,
23
,
53

NEO (non-combatant evacuation operation)
104

Netherlands
33
,
39
,
50

New Delhi, India
170
,
184

New York, United States
9
–
10
,
11
,
112
,
140
,
165

New Zealand
50
,
63

‘Next 11’ (Goldman Sachs)
98

Ninth Bureau
33

Nisar, Chaudry
172

Nixon, Richard Milhous
1
,
9
,
10
–
12

Nodong missiles
28
,
41

Non-Aligned Movement
20

Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)
32
,
49
–
50
,
62

Norinco
108

Norodom
Sihanouk, king of Cambodia
149

North Korea
see
Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of

North Vietnam
see
Vietnam, Democratic Republic of

North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan
xii
,
133

Northern Alliance
125

Northern Light Infantry (Pakistan)
57

Norway
50
,
146

NSA (National Security Agency)
20

nuclear power
62
–
4
,
107
,
170
,
171
,
174
–
5
,
184
,
186
,
187

Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
49
–
52
,
62
–
3
,
175

nuclear weapons
25
,
27
–
46
,
49
–
57
,
61
–
4
,
69
,
155

Nuristan, Afghanistan
134

Obama, Barack
5
,
43
,
145
,
148
,
151
,
159

Observer Research Foundation
45

oil
69
,
139
–
41

Olympic Games 2008, Beijing xiii,
69
,
84
–
5
,
90
,
146

Oman
100
,
104

Omar, Haji Mohammad
111

Omar, Mullah Muhammad xi,
89
,
127
,
128
,
129
,
133
,
177

Operation Silence
see
Lal Masjid

Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC)
87

Osirak reactor, Iraq
34

Ottaway, David
44

P-3 Orion
see
Lockheed P-3 Orion
29

P1 centrifuges
38
–
9

Pakistan

    
1947

    
Indo-Pakistani War
77

    
1959

    
United States-Pakistan bilateral security agreement
11
,
20

    
Sino-Pakistani border map controversy
21

    
1962

    
Sino-Indian War
23
–
5

    
1963

    
Sino-Pakistani Agreement
24
,
107

    
1965

    
Indo-Pakistani War
3
,
9
,
17
–
19
,
45
,
57
,
77
,
78
,
186

    
1966

    
Khunjerab force begins work on Karakoram Highway
106

    
1968

    
Mian Arshad Hussain visits Beijing
93
–
4

    
1971

    
Karakoram Highway opening ceremony
106

    
Indo-Pakistani War
3
,
9
–
16
,
29
,
77
,
103
,
106
,
148
,
183

    
1978

    
second Karakoram Highway opening ceremony
106

    
1979–1989

    
Soviet War in Afghanistan
78
–
9
,
124
–
6

    
1981

    
United States military and economic assistance agreement
36
,
38

    
1984

    
Indian seizure of Siachen Glacier
57

    
1989

    
Hatf missile test
40

    
1990

    
United States imposes sanctions on Pakistan
149

    
1996

    
Jiang Zemin makes state visit
48
–
9

    
1998

    
nuclear tests
41
,
54
–
7
,
150

    
1999

    
Lahore declaration
59

    
Prince Sultan of Saudi Arabia visits Kahuta nuclear enrichment facility
43

    
Kargil War
16
,
57
–
9
,
150
,
166

    
2001–2002

    
Twin Peaks Crisis
60
,
150

    
Kunduz airlift
136

    
2001–2014

    
Afghanistan War
x
,
xii
,
109
,
131
–
43
,
151
–
2
,
157
–
62
,
163

    
2003

    
Cessna 402B plane crash in Arabian Sea
117
–
19

    
Hahsan Mahsum killed by Pakistan Army in South Waziristan
147

    
2004

    
Pakistan Army begins operations in South Waziristan
109

    
A.Q. Khan nuclear proliferation scandal
27
–
9
,
35

    
Baloch Liberation Army attacks on Gwadar
102
,
137

    
kidnapping of Sinohydro engineers in South Waziristan
109
–
11
,
113

    
2005

    
Treaty of Good Neighbourliness and Friendly Cooperation
30

    
2006

    
Pervez Musharraf makes state visit to China
62

    
Sino-Pakistani joint counterterrorism exercises in Abbottabad
155

2007

    
Lal Masjid hostage crisis and siege
ix
–
x
,
xii
–
xvi
,
88
,
89
,
111
,
113
,
115
,
185

    
Chinese workers killed in Peshawar
xv
,
111

    
China-Pakistan Free Trade Agreement
98

    
Gwadar bus bombing
102

    
Chinese consortium wins Aynak mining contract
120
,
133
,
137

    
2008

    
global financial crisis
96
–
7
,
115

    
Indian embassy bombing in Kabul
114

    
Asif Zardari makes state visit to China, kidnapping of ZTE engineers in Swat Valley
112
–
14
,
115
,
165
,
173

    
Islamabad Marriott Hotel bombing
172

    
Mumbai attacks
46
,
60
–
1
,
150
,
154

    
2009

    
Taliban take control of Swat Valley
152

    
Pakistan hands over nine Uighur militants to China
147

    
Jamaat-e-Islami meeting with IDCPC
68

    
Kerry-Lugar bill
159

    
Camp Chapman attack in Afghanistan
156

    
2010

    
Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam meeting with IDCPC
67
–
8

    
United States drone strike in Zor Babar Aidak
146

    
2011

    
Raymond Davis incident
156

    
assassination of Osama Bin Laden
16
,
44
,
155
–
7
,
176
,
184

    
Mehran naval base attack
115
,
154

    
NATO attack on Salala
160

    
Imran Khan visits Beijing
167

    
International Conference on Afghanistan, Istanbul
142
,
160

    
International Conference on Afghanistan, Bonn
142
,
160

    
2012

    
Ashfaq Kayani visits China
175
–
6