Authors: Charles Fort
Vesuvius, April, 1872—
Krakatoa, August, 1883—
Charleston, August, 1886—
Time after time after time—
And now May, 1902—in the hollow of their ignorance, two of these conventionalists held 30,000 lives.
May, 1902—there was another surprise. It, too, was preceded by announcements that were published by mountains, and were advertised in columns of fire upon pages of clouds.
In April and May, 1902, across a zone of this earth, also outside the zone, there were disturbances. More than earthwide relations are indicated, to start with. Eruptions of Mt. Pelée, Martinique, began upon April 20th, the date of the Lyrids. However, in this book, I am omitting many data upon a seeming relation between dates of meteor streams and catastrophes. Then the volcano La Soufrière, island of St. Vincent, B.W.I., broke out. Upon the day of an earthquake in Siberia (April 12th) mud fell from the sky in widely separated places, in Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut. See
Science,
n.s., 15-872;
New York Herald,
April 14, 1902;
Monthly Weather Review,
May, 1902.
There may have been an eruption in some other part of one relatively small existence, or organism. There may have been a new star. In the
English Mechanic,
75-291, a correspondent in South Africa told that, in the constellation Gemini, night of April 16th, he had seen an appearance like a new red star. He thought that it might have been not a star, but a mirage of the red light of the Cape Town lighthouse.
The white houses of St. Pierre, Martinique—a white city, spread up on the slopes of Mt. Pelée. Early in May, there were panics in St. Pierre. Pelée was convulsed, and the quavering city of St. Pierre shook out inhabitants. Desertion of the city was objected to by its rulers, and the Governor of the island called upon two wisemen, Prof. Landes and Prof. Doze, for an authoritative opinion.
They had studied the works of Dr. Davison. There were shocks in Spain, and in France. La Soufrière was of continuing violence. A volcano broke out in Mexico. Quakes in the Fiji Islands. Violent quake in Iceland. Volcanic eruption at Cook’s Inlet, Alaska.
Prof. Landes and Prof. Doze were studying Mt. Pelée. An eruption of cattle and houses and human beings, in Rangoon, Burma—or “the most terrible storm remembered.” A remarkable meteor was seen at Calcutta. In Java, the Rooang volcano broke out. There were rumblings of an extinct volcano in France. In Guatemala, with terrific electrical displays, enormous volumes of water fell upon earthquakes.
Profs. Doze and Landes “announced” that there was, in Pelée’s activity, nothing to warrant the flight of the people. See Heilprin,
Mont Pelée,
p. 71. Governor Mouttet ordered a cordon of soldiers to form around the city, and to permit nobody to leave.
Upon the 7th of May, a sky in France turned black with warning. See back to other such “coincidences” with catastrophes. Soot and water, like ink, fell from the sky, at Parc Saint Maur
(Comptes Rendus,
134-1108).
Upon this day, the people of St. Pierre were terrified by the blasts from Pelée. No inhabitant of the city was permitted to leave, but, as recorded by Heilprin, the captain of the steamship
Orsolina
did break away. They tried to hold him. The “pronouncement” was read to him, and officialdom threatened him, but, with half a cargo, he broke away. His arrival at Havre is told of, in the
Daily Messenger
(Paris) June 22. The authorities of the Port of St. Pierre had refused to give him clearance papers, but, terrified by the blasts from the volcano, he had sailed without them.
The people of St. Pierre were trying to escape, but they were bound to the town by chains of soldiers. Even in discreetly worded accounts, we read of these people, running in droves in the streets. In storms of ashes, turned back at all outskirts, by the soldiers, they were running in whirlpools.
Not one word of retreat, nor of any modification, came from the two professors. They had spoken in accordance with the dogmas of their deadly cult. Considered locally, an effusion of ashes was not considered alarming, and no relationship with wider disturbances could be admitted. The professors had spoken, and the people of St. Pierre were held to the town. The people were hammered and stabbed back, or they were reasoned with, and persuaded to stay. Just how it was done, one has to visualize for oneself. It was done.
At night there was a lull. Then blasts came from the volcano. Screaming people ran from the houses. The narrow streets of this white city were dark with people, massing one way, only to gather against the military confines, sweeping some other way, only to be turned back by soldiers. Had there been darkness some of them might have escaped, but even at sea the glare from the volcano was so intense that the crew of a passing steamship,
Lord Antrim,
were almost blinded.
As seen from the sea, the streets, hung up on the mountainside, distorted by smoke and glare, fluttered. Long narrow crowds darkening these fluttering streets—folds of white garments of a writhing being, chained, awaiting burning.
Upon the morning of the 8th, the city of St. Pierre was bound to the stake of Mt. Pelée. There was a rush of flames. In the volcanic fires that burned the city, 30,000 persons perished.
28
Early in October, 1902, vast volumes of smoke, of unknown origin, obscured all things at sea, and made navigation difficult and dangerous, from the Philippines to Hong Kong, and from the Philippines to Australia. I do not know of anything of terrestrial origin that, with equal density, ever has had such widespread effects. Vesuvius has never been known to smoke up the whole Mediterranean. Compared with this obscuration, smoke at a distance from Krakatoa, in August, 1883, was only a haze. For an account, see the
Jour. Roy. Met. Soc.,
30-285.
Hong Kong Telegraph,
October 25—that a volcanic eruption in Sumatra had been reported.
Science,
n.s., 23-193—that there had been no known eruption in Sumatra—that perhaps there had been enormous forest fires in Borneo and Sumatra.
Sarawak
(Borneo)
Gazette,
October-November, 1902—no record of any such fires.
There came something that was perhaps not vaster, but that was more substantial. If a story of a sandstorm in a desert is dramatic, here is a story of a continent that went melodramatic. Upon the 12th of November, upon all Australia, except Queensland, dust and mud fell from the sky. Then densest darkness lit up with glares. Fires were falling from the sky.
Sometimes there are abortive embryos that are mixtures—an eye looking out from ribs—other features scattered. Fires and dust and darkness—mud that was falling from the sky—Australia was a womb that was misconceiving.
A fireball burst over a mound, which flickered; and frightened sheep ran from it—or, reflecting glares in the sky, a breast leered, and stuck out a long, red mob of animals. A furrowed field—or ribs in a haze—and a stare from the embers of a bush fire. An avenue of trees, heavy with mud, sagging upon a road that was pulsing with carts—or black lips, far from jaws, closing soggily upon an umbilical cord, in vainly attempted suicide.
Fireballs started up fires in every district in Victoria. They fell into cities, and set fire to houses. At Wycheproof, “the whole air seemed on fire.” All day of the 12th, and the next day, dust, mostly red dust, sifted down upon Australia, falling, upon the 13th, in Queensland, too. Smoke rolled in upon Northern Australia, upon the 14th. A substance that fell from it was said to be ashes. One of the descriptions is of “a light, fluffy, grey material”
(Sydney Daily Telegraph,
November 18).
How many of those who have a notion that they’re pretty well-read, have ever heard of this discharge upon Australia? And what are the pretty well-read but the pretty well-led? Little of this tremendous occurrence has been told in publications that are said to be scientific, and I take from Australian newspapers: but accounts of some of the fire balls that fell from the sky were published in
Nature,
vol. 67. There are reports from about fifty darkened, stifled towns in the
Sydney Herald,
of the 14th—“business suspended”—“nothing like it before, in the history of the colony”—“people stumbling around with lanterns.” Traffics were gropes. Mail coaches reached Sydney, nine hours late. Ashes with a sulphurous odor fell in New Zealand, upon the 13th
(Otago Witness,
November 19). The cities into which fell balls of fire that burned houses were Boort, Allendale, Deniliquin, Langdale, and Chiltern.
Smoke appeared in Java, and the earth quaked. A meteorite fell at Kamsagar (Mysore), India. Upon this day of the 12th, a disastrous deluge started falling, in the Malay States: along one river, seven bridges were carried away.
There was no investigation. However, passing awareness did glimmer in one mind, in England. In a dispatch to the newspapers, Dec. 7, 1902, Sir Norman Lockyer called attention to the similarity between the dust and the fire balls in Australia, and the dust and the fire balls from volcanoes in the West Indies, in May, of this year.
Our own expression depends upon whether all this can be attributed to any eruption upon this earth, or not. The smoke, in October, cannot be so explained. But was there any particular volcanic activity upon this earth, about Nov. 12, 1902?
The most violent eruption of Kilauea, Hawaii, in twenty years, was occurring, having started upon the 10th of November. There was a geyser of fire from the volcano Santa Maria, in Guatemala, having started upon October 26th. About the 6th of November, Colima, in Mexico, began to discharge dense volumes of smoke. The volcano Savii, in Samoa, broke out, upon the 13th, having been active, though to no great degree, upon October 30th. According to a dispatch, dated November 14th, there was an eruption in the Windward Islands, West Indies. Stromboli burst into eruption upon the 13th. About this time, Mt. Chullapata, in Peru, broke out.
But the smoke that appeared, with an earthquake, in Java, was the spans of an ocean and a continent far away. New Zealand is nearer all these volcanoes, except Stromboli, than is Australia, but dust and ashes fell a day later in New Zealand. Fire balls fell enormously in Australia. Not one was reported in New Zealand. Nothing appeared between New Zealand and these volcanoes, but dense clouds of smoke, between Australia and the Philippines, delayed vessels until at least November 20th
(Hobart Mercury,
November 21). So we regard the unexplained smoke of October and November, as continuous with the discharges of November 12th, and relate both, as emanations from one source, which is undiscoverable upon this earth.
There was a new star.
Popular Astronomy,
30-69—that, in October, 1902, a new star appeared in the southern constellation Puppis.
Upon the 19th of November, a seismic wave, six feet high, crashed upon the coast of South Australia
(Sydney Morning Herald,
November 20). Upon this day the new star shone at its maximum of seventh magnitude.
See our expression upon phenomena of August, 1885. If, in November, 1902, a volcanic discharge came to Australia from a southern constellation, it came as if from a star-region to the nearest earth-region. But, if constellations be trillions of miles away, no part of this earth could be appreciably nearer than any other part, to any star.
So extraordinary was terrestrial, volcanic activity at this time that it will have to be considered. Like other expressions, our expression here is that mutually affective outbursts spread from the land of the stars to and through the land of this earth, firing off volcanoes in the disturbances of one organic and relatively little whole.
It was a time of extremist drought in Australia. Thunderstorms that came, after November 12th, were described as terrific.
As a glimmer of awareness, Lockyer told of the fireballs that came with the dust to Australia, and the suggestion to him was that there had been a volcanic discharge. But there was something that he did not tell. He did not know. It was told of in no scientific publication, and it reached no newspaper published outside Australia. After the first volley of fire balls, other fire balls came to Australia. I have searched in newspapers of all continents, and it is my statement that no such fire balls were reported anywhere else. All were so characterized that it will be accepted that all were of one stream. Perhaps they came from an eruption in the constellation Puppis, but my especial expression is that, if all were of one origin, and if, days apart, they came to this earth, only to Australia, they so localized, because this earth is stationary.
For references, see the
Sydney Herald
and the
Melbourne Leader.
There was a meteoric explosion at Parramatta, November 13th. A fireball fell and exploded terrifically, at Carcoar. At Murrumburrah, N.S.W., dust and a large fireball fell, upon the 18th. A fireball passed over the town of Nyngan, night of the 22nd, intensely illuminating sky and ground. Upon the night of the 20th, as reported by Sir Charles Todd of the Adelaide Observatory, a large fireball was seen, moving so slowly that it was watched four minutes. At eleven o’clock, night of the 21st, a fireball of the apparent size of the sun was seen at Towitta. An hour later, several towns were illuminated by a great fireball. Upon the 23rd, a fireball exploded at Ipswich, Queensland. It is of especial importance to note the record of one of these bombs, or meteors that moved so slowly that it was watched four minutes.
From Feb. 12 to March 1, 1903, dusts and discolored rains fell along the western coast of Africa, upon many parts of the European continent, and in England. The conventional explanation was published: there had been a whirlwind in Africa.
I have plodded for more than twenty years in the libraries of New York and London. There are millions of persons who would think this a dreary existence.
But the challenges—the excitements—the finds.
Any pronouncement by any orthodoxy is to me the same as handcuffs. It’s braincuffs. There are times when I don’t give a damn whether the stars are trillions of miles away or ten miles away—but, at any time, let anybody say to me, authoritatively, or with an air of finality, that the stars are trillions of miles away, or ten miles away, and my contrariness stirs, or inflames, and if I can’t pick the lock of his pronouncements, I’ll have to squirm out some way to save my egotism.
So then the dusts of February and March, 1903—and the whirlwind explanation—and other egotists will understand how I suffer. Simply say to me, “Mere dusts from an African desert,” and I begin to squirm like a Houdini.
Feb. 12 to March 1, 1903—“dusts from an African desert.”
I get busy.
Nature,
75-589—that some of this dust, which had fallen at Cardiff, Wales, had been analyzed, and that it was probably volcanic.
But the word “analyzed” is an affront to my bigotries—conventional chemist—orthodox procedures—scientific delusions—more coercions.
I am pleased with a find, in the London
Standard,
Feb. 26, 1903. It is of no service to me, especially, now, but, in general, it is agreeable to my malices—a letter from Prof. T.G. Bonney, in which the professor says that the dust was not volcanic, because there was no glassy material in it—and a letter from someone else, stating that in specimens of the dust that were examined by him, all the particles were glassy.
“It was dust from an African desert.”
But I have resources.
One of them
is Al-Moghreb.
How many persons, besides myself, have ever heard of
Al-Moghreb? Al-Moghreb
is my own discovery.
The dust came down in England, Austria, Switzerland, Belgium, Germany, and along the west coast of Africa. Here’s the question:
If there had been an African hurricane so violent as to strew a good part of Europe, is it not likely that there would have been awareness of it in Africa?
Al-Moghreb
(Tangier)—no mention of any atmospheric disturbance that would bear out the conventional explanation.
Lagos Weekly Record
—
Sierra Leone Weekly News
—
Egyptian Gazette
—no mention.
And then one of those finds that make plodding in libraries as exciting as prospecting for nuggets—
February 14th, of this year—one of the most extraordinary phenomena in the history of Australia. In magnitude it was next to the occurrences of the preceding November. In the blackest of darkness, dust and mud fell from the sky.
Melbourne Age,
February 16—three columns of reports, upon darkness and dust and falling mud, in about forty widespread towns in New South Wales and Victoria.
The material that fell in Australia fell about as enormously as fell the dusts, in Europe. There is no mention of it in any of the dozens of articles by conventionalists, upon the phenomena in Europe. It started falling two days after the first fall of dust, west of Africa. It was coincidence, or here is an instance of two enormous volumes of dust that had one origin.
There was an unnoticed hurricane in Africa, which strewed Europe, and daubed Australia, precipitating nowhere between these two continents; or two vast volumes of dust were discharged from a disturbance somewhere beyond this earth, drifting here, arriving so nearly simultaneously that the indications are that the space between the source and this stationary earth is not of enormous extent, but was traversed in a few days, or a few weeks.
There was no known eruption upon this earth, at this time. If here, but unknown, it would have to be an eruption more tremendous than any of the known eruptions of this earth.
There was a new star.
It was found, by a professional astronomer, upon photographs of the constellation Gemini, taken upon March 8th
(Observatory, 12-
245). It may have existed a few weeks before somebody happened to photograph this part of the sky.
“Cold-blooded scientists,” as we hear them called—and their “ideal of accuracy”—they’re more like a lot of spoiled brats, willfully determined to have their own way. In
Cosmos,
n.s., 69-422, were reported meteoric phenomena, before the destructive earthquake in Calabria, Italy, Sept. 8, 1905. It was said—or it was “announced”—that Prof. Agamennone was investigating. It would have been a smash to conventional science if Prof. Agamennone had confirmed these reports. We know what to expect. According to the account in
Cosmos,
first came a fall of meteors, and then, three-quarters of an hour later, to this same place upon this probably stationary earth, came a great meteor. It exploded, and in the ground was a shock by which 4,600 buildings were destroyed, and 4,000 persons were killed.
A volume of sound from crashing walls, in billows of roars from falling roofs, sailed like a ship in a storm. When it sank, lamentations leaped from it.
Because of underlying oneness, the sounds of a catastrophe are renderable in the terms of any other field of phenomena. Structural principles are the same, either in phonetic or biologic anatomy. A woe, or an insect, or a centipede is a series of segments.
Or the wreck of a city was a cemetery. Convulsed into animation, it was Resurrection Day, as not conceived of by religionists. Concatenations of sounds arose from burials. Spinal columns of groans were exhuming from ruination. Articulations of sobs clung to them. A shout that was jointed with oaths reached out from a hole. A church, which for centuries had been the den of a parasite, sank to a heap. It was a maw that engulfed a congregation. From it came the chant of a litany that was a tapeworm emerging from a ruptured stomach.